Browse

Introduction: Motherhood is an important part of life of every woman. The aim of our study was to find out views on motherhood among adolescent girls. Methods: The non-standardized questionnaire of our own design was employed in the study. The study sample consisted of 141 female students of secondary school. The age of the respondents ranged from 17 to 20; the average age was 18 ± 0,79 years. For data processing we used a simple descriptive statistics. Results: In analyzing the results, we found that most respond...

Introduction: The issue of the social integration of young people and the role of physical education in this integration process was debated by the international authorities in Strasbourg in the Council of Europe, UNESCO and the International Committee for Physical Education and Sport.A component of the educational approach, sport contains essential values of life in the community,favoring group integration by assimilating these values by citizens:respect for others, to the law (rules, regulations), discipline (se...

The article discusses the issue of the sustainable development of the EU in relation to the concept of eco-humanistic globalization. The processes of globalization are closely related to the increased flows of people around the world, mainly for economic purposes. The number of migrants for work purposes is increasing. Emigration countries generate losses and immigration countries acquire new social capital (these immigrants work for low wages as compared to domestic employees by performing work in services, const...

The Church received from Christ the mission not only to preach the gospel of salvation, but also to feed the hungry, to give water to the thirsty, to provide a traveler's shelter and hospitality to the stranger, to dress the naked, take care of the sick and care for orphans and widows. The Orthodox Church fulfilled its social mission and sought to ease the lives of the less favored, by setting up hospitals, philanthropic homes, homes for the elderly, orphanages and other charitable institutions. In the Byzantine E...

In the study we addressed the problem of personal safety and for this purpose used a social role approach and a psychological analysis of criminal cases as a research method. The method was based on the following social role criteria: a) the level of the criminal’s or victim’s knowledge of the social role; b) the degree to which they have mastered role-play; c) the knowledge of not only one’s own action scenario in the social role dyad but also of that of one’s counter partner; d) an ability to understand the diff...

Background: The goal of the study was to find out whether the educational materials for patients who have undergone the implantation of a vascular prosthesis in lower extremities or abdominal aorta are of high quality, understandable and usable for patients. Methods: The evaluation included educational materials in written form – two brochures for patients prior to the surgery, one brochure for patients after the surgery and an information map. The PEMAT (Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool) was chosen for...

The major research objective was to analyze the problem of organization of inclusive social space from a perspective of disabled people’s social activity. Authors examine the problem of social inclusion as interdisciplinary task, whereas social activity of people with disabilities is viewed as activity caused by both internal and external factors. Methodology. This work actualizes formation of disabled people’s social demands for opportunities corresponding to principles of humanism, social equality, tolerance and...

Old age is associated with a number of significant losses, the loss of spouse being regarded as the most important. Seniors respond to the death of their life partners in various ways. Even though the grieving process is a highly individual matter and the manifestations of grief are multi-determined, in accordance with the existing knowledge, it is possible to postulate a hypothesis that siblinghood in old age may be an important salutoprotective factor and a source of natural (informal) social support for widowed...

Background: Mobbing is one of psychosocial risks; it is a serious and latent problem of many workplaces resulting in a psychological injury and an adverse working atmosphere. Increased staff turnover is a rather common consequence. The aim of our research was to determine the level of bullying in health professionals and the relationship between mobbing and intention to leave a job. Method: The research was designed as a questionnaire survey and took place in 2017. Participants should be employed in their job for ...

Unemployment is a phenomenon that the citizens of the Slovak Republic have been encountering since the beginning of the process of economic transformation, i.e. since the end of 1989. The rate of unemployment varies by region, social group and economic cycle. With economic growth, creation of new jobs and measures adopted by the state the possibilities of becoming employed broaden, the number of employed persons rises, and the rate of unemployment falls. The role of the state, via active and flexible state policie...

Backgound: The kidney is an essential organ in regulating the electrolyte balance. With the progression to advanced renal insufficiency, disturbances occur, with frequent increases in the level of potassium, which lead to a significant increase in morbidity and mortality in this group of patients, most commonly by cardiovascular complications - arrhythmias and sudden death. Since chronic renal failure has become a global problem and is frequently under-diagnosed, it is very important to have a correct diagnosis an...

An essential part of European social policy is the children's and youth policy that should become a priority area for EU politicians. It must use the best tools for the fostering of the child and youth wellbeing. Interest in children’s well-being is increasing in Latvia and Europe, particularly in the field of science and at schools, e.g. schools are increasingly offered to participate in surveys concerning children’s and young people’s well-being. In order to improve the level of well-being of children and young ...

Background: The period of adolescence is often considered the most difficult and the most important period of human life, which includes the modulation of basic human values. In the period of adolescence, primary prevention plays a key role because this is the time when life and eating habits form. Methods: The research was carried out using a 52 item non-standardized questionnaire. This paper presents partial results collected from the questionnaire. The research sample consisted of 1130 respondents living in Sou...

A child with disabilities means for the family confrontation with new problems. The presence of the child changes the functioning of the family, the quality of life of all its members, and also modifies the needs of the family. The contribution is focused on the detection of needs within the family system. The method of data collection was the standard Bailey and Simeonsson Family Questionnaire (1988) which focuses on 6 areas of need - the need for family support, the need for information, the need to explain to o...

The aim of the paper is to analyse social work with groups in selected social welfare services in Slovakia and to identify the benefits of social work with the group (social group work) as compared to social work with the individual (social casework). The authors have chosen a qualitative research strategy; the research method was a structured interview. We have established research question: What are the typical features, advantages, but also disadvantages, which provides social work with a group in comparison to...

Background: The objective of the submitted study was to find out and assess the specifics of transcultural features, rules and cultural patterns at dying and death in selected minorities in the Czech Republic in relation to nursing care, and to describe the experience of nurses with transcultural nursing and to evaluate the possibilities of using the Transcultural Assessment Model J. N. Giger and R. E. Davidhizar and the Conceptual Model of Cultural Competencies L. D. Purnell in transcultural aspects, rules and cu...

Background: Fragmentation of health and social care systems requires intense coordination among various stakeholders in order to provide continuity of care that reflects needs of patients, especially those with complex needs. Almost two decades of trials to approach problems of care fragmentation and poor outcomes for patients by policy makers and professionals in the Czech Republic have not lead to any substantial change in the way how care is provided. The objective of this study was to identify the main barrier...

Does social justice in postmodern societies exists and how it is implemented? This is an issue which worries not only sociologists, lawyers, journalists, politicians, but most of all citizens. In Macedonia we are witnessing a continuous process of issuing the laws, regulations, guidelines, codes of ethics, etc. But all this is not enough to reduce crime and often what writes in the law is inconsistent with the basic needs of man and his expectations. Sociologists often defend the position that we are often faced w...

Background Knee osteoarthritis is an interaction of biological, mechanical and biochemical factors which is complicated by injury, with an accelerated pathological processes of the joint. Especially the athletes, particularly those with a history of knee injury that can lead to posttraumatic osteoarthritis, are diagnosed earlier than other people with same age. The aim of this paper was to find the most effective rehabilitation treatment for these patients to reduce pain and inflammation and improve knee joint mob...

This article is devoted to the peculiarities of teaching microsocial studies of students and PhD students in universities. The authors substantiate the difference between microsocial research and sociological research, placing emphasis on the need to study first as much as the latter. The fact is that the problems of a small sample and a deviation from a normal distribution can be solved by using nonparametric statistics, qualitative methods, big data, web 3.0 and case-study strategies. This article details the fe...

This paper describes some basic characteristics of the social policies for the elderly people in four countries, namely Russia, Italy, Finland and the UK. Maian focus is at the analysis of neo-liberal policies impacts on welfare policies: covering a conceptual analysis of some issues as eligibility and risk, transforming models of the social policy and its institutional setups. Modern research agenda includes theorizing, analysis and evaluation of welfare institutions, organizations and policies along with the way...

The dental impression plays a very important role during the clinical and technical stages of prosthetic restoration. Impressing the prosthetic field can cause errors in producing the prosthetic item. The dental impression represents the negative copy of the prosthetic field that will generate the positive copy, respectively the working model/cast. If the assessor, the dentist and / or the dental technician, cannot notice these errors in a timely manner, the prosthetic piece is intended for failure. The objectives...

Life quality is a category by which characterize the material circumstances of population's life, determining the degree of every human person's dignity and freedom, comfort both within themselves and within the community. Life quality is very broad and ambiguous term to interpret. It is still not developed a unified approach to this concept content. Life quality is considered as a general sociological and socio-economic and as a purely economic concept. In modern scientific literature is widely used the term "Lif...

The study is based on the hypothesis that various extracts from Usnea barbata L. have antibacterial action. In this work, six lichen extracts of different concentrations in: 96% ethanol, acetone and water, have been studied. Their inhibitory action was tested by diffusimetric antibiogram method, on Gram-positive bacteria from the oro-dental cavity: two Streptococcus species: Streptococcus intermedius and Streptococcus oralis and two Staphylococcus species: Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus. Our ...

The article considers the results of the biological age assessment of 354 students of Magnitogorsk State Technical University named after G. I. Nosov. The study reveals that the age increasing shows the deterioration of health, as for 1.66 times decline of the number of people with good health and 1.93 times increase of the number of students with satisfactory health standard. In all age groups the most students have a biological age below the supposed one, but a third of the students have a biological age higher ...

Tolerance is one of the values that is becoming more and more important in different world agendas, especially at a time when theories of conflicts between cultures, civilizations and religions are being furiously propagated, and when the world is facing a multidimensional crisis. Today, tolerance is needed as air. Its spirit should be distributed in all dimensions of life, it must "be applied as a principle in education; we need to build generations in conjunction with this crucial value. [6, p. 109] This paper i...

One of priority activities in EU is health promotion among all the age groups, resulting from health policy implemented by World Health Organization and European agencies. This is especially important among senior citizens since the precondition for successful ageing is to maintain a good psychophysical fitness through participation in various forms of sport and recreation. With reference to the theory of activity, all humans, even older adults, need physical exercise and being active. Activity and sense of associ...

The aim of the study was to analyze the factors influencing the depression score in patients with occupational lung diseases. We have conducted a cross-sectional study on patients with a diagnosis of occupational lung disease evaluated for their current health status in the Colentina Clinical Hospital during October 2017. Patients with severe reduction in lung function or during exacerbations periods were excluded from the study. The patients' status was evaluated based on the standard medical procedures of the cl...

Introduction: Adverse factors in occupational exposure of healthcare workers are bringing risk and health threats in mental and somatic symptoms of health care workers, including the burnout syndrome. The aim of the paper is to evaluate psychological risk, focusing on the stress and psychological burden of health care workers. Material and methods. Cross-sectional study was based on the form of structured anonymous questionnaires evaluating the amount of psychological burden of healthcare staff, according to the c...

Background & Aim: To investigate the potential of cardiovascular disease as risk factor for periodontal disease in the context of current etiology model. Methods: It was used a cross-sectional sample consisting of 374 dentate adults, age >30 years. Subjects were selected from patients attending periodontal care between years 2016-2017 in the Faculty of Dentistry Constanta Romania, South-Eastern Europe. Ethical approval was obtained from the local ethics committee and each patient signed an informed consent form. T...

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concepts of "threat" and "challenge" in the context of the creative and cultural economies of the Arctic. Today, the issues of studying the Arctic are being given special attention in the light of the development of the creative and digital economy. The development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation is discussed in the context of implementing the principles of sustainable development of the territory, including aspects of ensuring national security of society...

Background The aim of this paper is to study the role of kinetic rehabilitation treatment of idiopathic scoliosis with a Cobb angle less than 40º in junior football players. Cobb angle method was used to measure lateral curve severity in scoliosis so the main goal was to improve the scoliosis curvature and correct the associated hyperlordosis or khyphosis at the patients. Methods This study consist in a group of 10 patients, aged by 12 to 17, with lumbar scoliosis was performed in Bunavestire Rehabilitation Hospit...

In the work the role of educational institutions in the prophylactic treatment of the youth on a regional level is considered. There are data of arrangement of special conditions for skill development and formation of protective factors against taking psychoactive substances in educational institutions.

Background Our research aimed to outline the muscular activity characteristics at athletes, with the help of sEMG parameters indexes, at the same time, trying to prove their relevance, in defining, from electrophysiological point of view, the corresponding studied sports. Methods We have studied a group formed of 22 male athletes, 11 fencers and 11 volleyball players, active for at least 6 years, exclusively in either one of the studied sports, with homogeneous average ages, heights, weights and training regime. E...

The data quoted on the legal employment of foreigners do not show the actual employment rate of immigrants in our country. Firstly, due to Poland's membership in the EU, citizens of other EU countries who take up employment in Poland do not need to register this fact, do not need a work permit and are (in accordance with EU legislation) treated as employees of the target country1. Secondly, and it is resulting from the first fact, there is a lack of statistics on the number of actually employed citizens on the bas...

The article reveals eating patterns as a tool for human body construction. The main contradiction in the realization of eating patterns is the contradiction between the biological nature of the human body, predetermined by genetics and heredity, and the social standardization of corporality in modern social systems. Preferred food labels the human body in the context of its normativity, the phenomenon of the normative body of a person appears. The article states positive attitude of the younger generation to alter...

Quality of life in today's world has a positive connotation which, in society, becomes a precondition for successful aging. Indivisibility of quality of life and successful aging is conditioned by the integration of the causal factors and participants directly involved in the lives of people located in homes for the elderly and infirm. According to analytical indicators, population of Croatia is characterized by very old age, the most unfavorable type of age group, and Croatia is in the group of ten European count...

Down syndrome (DS) and intellectual disabilities (ID) persons from Romania need to have leisure activities (LT) that can be a good modality to integrate them into the society. Also it can be a physical activity form that can take many enjoying form. Objectives. The purpose was to characterise the LT activities of persons with SD from Romania. Methods of research. The article brings into the attention the leisure time activities that can be the expression of being physically active of SD and ID, what kind of activi...

Background: The goal of the study was to find out how and to which extent patients are informed before and after their vascular prosthesis implantation. The criterion for being included in the study was to achieve at least 24 points of Mini Mental State Examination and to meet the established indication criteria for the surgery. The ethical committee of the health care facility and all participants, who were informed on the purpose of the study, agreed with the study. Crohnbach`s alpha was calculated to identify i...

Introduction The heterogeneous distribution of clinical manifestations in psoriatic arthritis has a major influence on the quality of life and physical function in these patients. Although impairment of peripheral joints is less severe than in patients with rheumatoid arthritis for an equal duration, the impact on functional and quality of life indices has been similar [1], with predominance of joint pain and socio-emotional disorders in patients with PA. Aim To determine the relationship between functional status...

The purpose of this study is to explore the coping with disease in adolescents with type 1 diabetes in its complexity – from the viewpoint of emotional distress, perception of the disease, and equally that of preferred coping strategies in the context of differing levels of metabolic compensation. Set of questionnaires consisting of Big Five Inventory (BFI), Brief-Cope, Problem Areas in Diabetes Questionnaire (PAID), Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ) and Diabetes Adolescent Problem Solving Questionnair...

The article deals with the results of an empirical study conducted within the framework of the project "Social risks of international youth migration in contemporary Russia". The purpose of the presented study is to identify and assess the main social risks that are constructed in the Russian society in the context of international migration. The telephone survey was used as the main method of gathering empirical information. In 2017, two surveys were conducted covering 15 regions in all federal units; the total n...

The following thesis focuses on the issues regarding life satisfaction and the impact of well-being on physical and mental health of coalition soldiers during their deployment on a military operation in the Middle East area. The authors’ fundamental research question is how the military operational environment affects the life satisfaction of deployed soldiers and thus affects their health. Obviously, life satisfaction is influenced by the military work activities and specifically in an armed conflict environment....

In the Czech Republic is possible to see a new trend in emergency medicine – building new departments of urgent medicine (DUM). These workplaces we can call Emergency or urgent reception department. Creation of these departments is connected with high development of urgent medicine and new styles and possibilities of care about patients. Emergency departments are officially an education centers for all medical personnel (medics, paramedics and nurses) too. Unfortunately, we don’t have some recommendations and meth...

Background: Healthcare associated infection generally poses a major risk for healthcare professionals. In addition, acute and intensive care is specific because there is often a very first contact between the health care worker and the patient. Blood-borne infections, which represent a major complication for healthcare professionals, are perceived as one of the most risky injuries, particularly in connection with needle-stick injuries. The first objective of the research was to verify the selected theoretical know...

Some basic characteristics of university culture are considered from the viewpoint of socio-cultural, structural and resource approaches, some formal and informal features of a group of professors as an elite professional group in the professional entity of academic staff are showed, for they are the guardians of traditions and they transfer the university culture. The deformation ratio of formal and informal features of that professional group is reported. The emphasis is laid on the importance of the traditions ...

This paper deals with the topic of selected social determinants and their influence on the choice of leisure-time activities. Our intention is to present the results of own research which was carried out in the form of a questionnaire survey in 2016. One of its main objectives was to find out whether the selected social determinants (gender, age, education, fathers and mothers education and employment status) have the influence on choice of leisure-time activities within different types of social groups. For this ...

The article presents the results of a regional study devoted to the study of strategies and practices of self-preserving behavior of young people. The results of the sociological research showed that most young people consider health to be one of the important values and try to lead a healthy lifestyle, namely: to look at life with optimism, exercise, watch their weight, eat right, pay attention to the shelf life and composition purchased products, do not smoke, limit alcohol consumption, etc. The main factors tha...

The ACA (Adult Children of Alcoholics) syndrome is a group of relatively well-established patterns of inadequate response in social situations which arose during the trauma of childhood in a family of alcoholics. As a result of painful experiences taken from home an adult child of an alcoholic is experiencing disturbances in cognitive and emotional processes of both the surrounding reality and himself. The cognitive and emotional distortions concern also the perception of parental attitudes. The idea of the ACA sy...

A man nowadays lives in a world characterized by changeability, unstoppable progress and development. Political, economic and socio–cultural changes inscribed in the variability, apart from the positive effects, i.e. compensation for many civilizational neglects, also have negative consequences and affect the life of an individual or social groups. More and more problems and threats are emerging nowadays: poverty, unemployment, migration, addictions, family dysfunctionality, crime or other disturbing phenomena. Be...