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BETWEEN PROFIT AND LOSS: ANALYSIS OF THE SELECTED EXAMPLES OF LABOUR-RELATEDMIGRATION TO POLAND. MIGRANT WORKERS ON THE POLISH LABOURMARKET.
Abstract
The data quoted on the legal employment of foreigners do not show the actual employment rate of immigrants in our country. Firstly, due to Poland's membership in the EU, citizens of other EU countries who take up employment in Poland do not need to register this fact, do not need a work permit and are (in accordance with EU legislation) treated as employees of the target country1. Secondly, and it is resulting from the first fact, there is a lack of statistics on the number of actually employed citizens on the basis of employers' declarations of intention to employ foreigners. Finally, thirdly, there is no data on the employment of immigrants in the 'gray zone'. The majority of estimates regarding the size of illegal employment assess it to amount to 100-200 thousand persons2. One should consider the labour market testing requirement and the fact that the issuing of a permit is possible only if the amount of remuneration for a foreigner is not lower than for a native employee in comparable conditions. In Poland, there is a phenomenon of complementarity (complementary employment).
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