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NEW TREATMENT INSIGHTS OF HYPERKALEMIA ASSOCIATED TO CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Abstract
Backgound: The kidney is an essential organ in regulating the electrolyte balance. With the progression to advanced renal insufficiency, disturbances occur, with frequent increases in the level of potassium, which lead to a significant increase in morbidity and mortality in this group of patients, most commonly by cardiovascular complications - arrhythmias and sudden death. Since chronic renal failure has become a global problem and is frequently under-diagnosed, it is very important to have a correct diagnosis and appropriate rapid treatment to reduce the risks associated with hyperkalemia. Aim of study was to review of the pathophysiological processes of electrolytic disturbances involved in renal function disorders as well as diagnosis and treatment strategies. Material and methods: We report the case of a 76 years old Caucasian female, known with severe hypertension, atrial fibrillation, cardiac insufficiency class II NYHA, previous chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mellitus, which came to the hospital for fever, dyspnea with orthopnea and cough. The patient had in her chronic treatment the association between ACE inhibitor and antialdosteronic diuretic. She also took in the last 5 days prior to the admission high amount of NSAIDs. The serum potassium of the patient was 8.6 mEq/L and suddenly cardiovascular complications changed the prognosis of this patient. The final outcome was good because of the fast reaction of the medical team. Conclusions: Although electrolyte disorders occurring in chronic renal failure quickly lead to life-threatening complications, they can be combated by a series of preventive measures and appropriate treatment. Recent published studies bring important new information about the treatment of this group of pathologies to improve the prognosis of these patients.
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