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Secularization is a phenomenon that generates the desecration of the society and of man. In time, the western culture has disseminated an autonomous conception regarding the world, which has eliminated God from the visible creation, isolating Him in an inaccessible transcendence. The most painful consequence of secularization is the minimization of the human person and of interpersonal communion. In this state of the secularized man one can see the result of an unbalanced conception regarding God, the world and ma...

This article will present the shift in Religious Studies methodology of two Romanian-born scholars (also philosophers and fiction writers): Mircea Eliade (1907-1986) and Ioan Petru Culianu (1950-1991); specifically from Eliade's point of view – namely morphology – to Culianu's morphodynamics (in the terms of D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson, one of Culianu's favorite authors). Both scholars activated in the field of the scientific study of religion but their theories are equally philosophical. Unfortunately Culianu's...

The purpose of this article is to discuss the three distinct - but by no means exclusive or even necessarily contradictory – fields from which it is always possible to contemplate, analyze, formulate and try to understand what images are. Johannes Hessen will accompany us quite freely here with his germinal Theory of Knowledge, which served to mark the concepts and define the relationships between the sets of questions we wish to raise. This initial option indicates we are treading an open path through a philoso...

The phenomenon of man and corporate communities in war attracts the attention of historians and anthropologists because accessing to it allows us to see how our ancestors and public institutions acted in atypical, extraordinary, boundary conditions. The article is devoted to the problem of life-sustaining of teaching corporation of Russian universities in the course of the First World War. The representatives of the university teaching staff entered a difficult period in its history in 1914, connected with the ree...

The aim of the paper is to bring new perspectives related to problems of European democracy in 20th century using the case of Czechoslovakia in 1938 and 1945.The weakened position of democracy in Europe in 30.s and 40.s was influenced byimpacts oftheeconomic crisis, therise of Nazism and thewar. Thepaper compares changes of political and economic system in Czechoslovakia after the Munich agreement and in 1945. Although the country was liberated from Nazi domination, its political and economic system was characteri...

At the end of the XV century and the beginning of the XVI, the image of the prince was contoured by the Bible, a real pedagogical instrument which exclusively defined the notions of good and evil, of justice and injustice – the Bible was establishing how an ideal prince should be. In the same time the biblical figures were models with whom the voivode desired to resemble with and which influenced their behaviors and mentality. Studying the cases of Radu the Great and Neagoe Basarab, we were able to construct the...

For centuries Orthodox churches in Russian regions kept not only sacred relics but also secular objects that were presumed to preserve and highlight the memory of important State and regional events. Being situated in churches' interiors, memorial objects inevitably obtained sacral meaning. Consequently, when interacting with these things one had to contemplate, honour and worship them. As time went by, the composition of objects placed in churches changed noticeably. The scheme of changes was as follows: from sac...

The article deals with changes of the immigration policy in Czechoslovakia before Second World War. The paper analyses the approach towards immigrants in the connection with economic and social development. The analysis will be based largely on unpublished archival sources and newspapers. This paper attempts to analyse the perception of social risks vis-a-vis changing situation of Czechoslovakia inthe context of European development. Czechoslovakia was supposed to be only a transit country offering just a temporar...

This paper proposes a debate about the federalist phenomenon and the federalist political projects in Central Europe at the end of WW I and the interwar period. The collapse of the Empires in Central and Eastern Europe created the conditions for a new world order, especially starting from the Wilsonian self-government theories. In these regions, where the imperialist trend collapsed, while the national trend developed, the federalist ideas were regarded by some leaders as real solutions. Therefore, at the end of W...

The purpose of the article is to analyse the translation of poetry in reference with the notion of poeticity regarded as the essential property of the poetic text subject to representation in the target text and target culture. Basing on the comparative analysis of source and target texts in English and Russian we have come to the conclusion that the source text essence may be represented in the target culture in high, medium or low degrees which correlate with consonant, consonant-dissonant and dissonant kinds of...

This article is devoted to the development of migration in the Russian Far East over the past centuries. Analyzing census data (from the first census in the Russian Empire in 1897 to the Russian Census 2010), the author investigates temporal and spatial transformations of migration processes in the Russian Far East regions. Using the concept of lifetime migration, the author reveals, what regions and territories provided the growth of the population of the Russian Far East during the last centuries, where these pe...

Three very young shepherds, on May 13, 1917, reported seeing “... a lady even brighter than the sun\ldots”, floating a meter or so in the air, near an old oak tree, when they were pasturing their little herd in Cova da Iria, Portugal. The story of Our Lady of Fatima has remained one of the most remarkable odes in Portuguese folklore. It is, beyond the religious event in itself, a key episode in the official history and culture of the Portu-guese people. It is a day celebrated every year; more among the faithfu...

This paper presents findings related to symbolic interactionism in the development and interpretation of art installations. It stems from three projects created by the first author: “Attrition,” “Contrition,” and “Babel Amidst an Arising.” This paper looks at symbolic interactionism as a proactive tool used by the artist first to engage the observer; second to construct an environment that communicates through shared meanings and societal experiences; and third to shape future decisions made by the obs...

Creativity is widely acknowledged to be the trigger of innovations and urban development after recognition of ideas by R. Florida, R. Landry and others on creative city and creative class though the latter notions are nowadays criticized for unsustainability issues they raise (Kirchberg & Kagan 2013). Moreover, these ideas put the main accent on macro-level of analysis, i.e. economic effects of creativity in the cities; however the micro-level of creativity - grass-rooted interactions of real creative actors - whi...

The article examines the history of Siberian physicists' scientific community. The main stages of Siberian physicists' scientific community formation and development at the end of the XIX – first half of the XX centuries are reconstructed on the basis of the available academic works, documental materials, including the ones introduced into research for the first time, and the printed media. The author analyzes the part of the physicists' scientific and academic corporation consolidation in developing the fundame...

The aim of this paper is to investigate the relations between art and social evolution, referring in particular to Japanese experience of the tragic events of March 11th 2011, which had a direct impact on a huge piece of territory along the north eastern coast and indirectly affected the whole society. My focus here is on how, in one form or another, many Japanese artists, designers, architects and filmmakers shifted to a collective and social form of creativity after the Great Earthquake. Several representative e...

Although the networking in the cultural and creative industries has been the subject of a number of studies, almost nothing is known about networking in the post-transitional social and cultural context. By studying the personal networks of creative professionals, this paper identifies the different types of sociality that are taking place in a post-transitional artistic and creative sector. Personal networks were reconstructed with the help of eight name generators. Data was collected in the form of structured in...

Fashion, art and narrative photography are taking one of the main positions in the development of culture and art. Photographs which are obtained as a result of the team work of art figures are the most promising. In this paper our team of photographer, assistants, retoucher, designers, make-up artists, hair stylists and models represents our works in fashion, art and narrative photo industries.

16th century was the most important century on the history of Ottoman architecture not only because it was its Golden Age of Empire economically, but also Architect Sinan, the head architect of dynasty had lived in that era. As the head architect of dynasty, Architect Sinan designed different building types on private, public and religious usage, such as bridges, aqueducts, Turkish baths, mosque complexes including darulkuttap, darulhadis, medresahs and etc. However, his name is mostly known as the architect of we...

Field studies and materials gathered show that in terms of fortifications, Morava's resource areas, not only did they not stay behind other Albanian and Balkans territories, but they appear with their own special features, and have contributed greatly to the common treasure of European architecture. The purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic presentation of our creativity in centuries, claiming disclosure of a part of our creative values in the common treasure of Illyrian-Dardan heritage consolidation. B...

A lot of spherical cones were found at excavations in Bilyar and Bulgar - capitals of the Volga Bulgaria of 10-14th centuries. The interdisciplinary research of spherical coneswas carried out on 13 fragments from Bilyar and Bulgar settlements. Subjects were analyzed by the following methods: X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy and petrographic (OMPA), differential thermal-magnetic (DTMA), emission spectral analysis (ESA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). XRD and OMPA demonstrated the similarity of m...

The author attempts to interpret Baudelaire's famous concept of “correspondences” in terms of the problem of the synthesis of the arts, which was of vital importance to the Romantics. According to Baudelaire, “correspondences” arise between the attributes abstracted from objects in the surrounding world, to which the poet assigned the status of signs. The author models an algorithm which transforms these signs into symbols in an artist's mind, shows possible outcomes, the most important of which is the “...

Present paper analyzes the Middle Bronze Age Otomani culture`s pottery from Carei-Bobald tell settlement (North-western Romania). Our aim is to sketch an accurate picture about a large ceramic material, debate some typological and chronological issues based on statistics, chemical composition and the manufacturing techniques. The topics covered include the reconstruction of the technology used in pottery production, through a combination of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersiv...

In this article, the essential role of ALS data application is presented in example of the Eagles' Nests, which are group of medieval castles - historical fortification systems in Poland. A key issue in this research is to expose the impact of various transformations of elevation models, which allows for a more comprehensive analysis of mentioned historical monuments and their neighborhood including particularly, appropriate visualization methods of digital terrain models (DTM) and digital surface models (DSM). Ap...

George Enescu's music was the result of a deeply personal Romanian synthesis of all the most important dominants of the century (Neo-classicism, Impressionism, national folkloric elements, Germanic tradition). The most complex Romanian musician of all times, he remains the composer with an individual symphonic profile in the orchestral art of the XXth century. The Enescian symphonic work (developed over the course of seven decades) is marked by obvious stylistic changes: the variety of compositional idioms constit...

Land covered with vegetation, in particular woodland, is poorly recognised but contains a significant number of archaeological features and sites, including a number of objects associated with the production of charcoal in the past, such as charcoal piles or kilns. An example of such objects, analysed in this text, are remains of charcoal piles, which are today visible on the surface in the rudimentary form of grooves and ridges of earth of a few or a dozen centimetres each. Charcoal piles are objects that existed...

The report topic submitted for the conference is connected with the study of the phenomenon of persistence of ethnic identity, language and culture in the Essey Yakuts historically formed under special life conditions. The main objectives of the work are to analyze and identify the features of the current state of economic activity and make analysis of the current state of culture of the Essey Yakuts. The article content is partially based on the field-work material collected by university research expedition to t...

Throughout the history of the development of different societies, political systems and phenomena dealing directly with states and societies, an important role in building their media was played. Media have an important impact on development of social processes and civic education. In democratic societies, media is the greatest state's corrector. Having always been a natural rivalry with the local media, they both have played an important role in identifying and combating negative phenomena, as well as the develop...

Our research aims at the ways of knowledge transfer in professional interlanguage communication. The analyzed data is formed by means of a comparative analysis of the ST and TT in the English and the Russian languages. The field of our research includes mental activities of the translator. It focuses particularly on the exploration of cognitive systems and structures of knowledge representation. The advantages of this point of view over formalistic equivalence theory lie in the recognition of textual and cognitive...

The contribution deals with the qualitative analysis of the mystical and transpersonal communication and phenomena. We have used research methods hermeneutics, phenomenology, interviews, participant observation and ethnography. Transpersonal phenomena occur from the beginning of the development of mankind and in every culture. We have found that they are bound by the modified, so called. a spiritual "We" states of consciousness, which corresponds to the activation of specific brain centers. For humans are natural,...

We are discussing in this paper monumental tombs, which distinguish from other forms of interment and funerary architecture because of their spatial organization, structure and decoration. In the family tombs had been manifested, in a modest manner, the idea of imperial mausoleums but in accordance with economic situation of the family. Building of tombs – family mausoleums marked the entire Late Roman period and had been equally popular among the pagans as well as among the Christians.

The charity is a genuine expression of humanity and a fundamental element in the achievement of authentic human relationships. The people, the beneficiaries of the divine love and subjects of charity, they are called to make themselves instruments of efficient spreading of God's love. According to the teaching of Jesus, love is the synthesis of the entire Law, the real substance of the personal relationship with God and with the neighbour, it is the principle of human micro-relationships (with friends, family and ...

The article is devoted to the analysis of paroemies from the point of view of ethno-hermeneutics and ethno-psycholinguistics. Main attention is drawn to the precedence as the most important characteristic of the paroemiological discourse. The authors analyse precedent phenomena, view precedent situations in paroemiological units. Precedence as an essential feature of the paroemiological discourse plays an important role in accumulation and retranslation of ethno-cultural information, serving as a certain indicator...

Current linguistics investigates the way human knowledge is reflected in the language. Owing to this fact it has become very acute to explore folklore as a mean of reflecting human knowledge. We concentrate our attention on folk omens, because we take it for a special and very unique genre of folklore. Folk omens represent human observation of nature, the relationship of some natural phenomena. In this article the authors compare the peculiarities of a lexical items rain and snow in Russian and Chinese omens. We t...

This paper will draw upon an anthropological field study exploring new religious movements – in particular neo-shamanism – which I am currently undertaking. The research employs the participant observation method and deals with a typical feature of many of these movements: the intentional bringing about of altered states of consciousness and subsequent unusual experiences (visions) to use as part of spiritual practice. According to neo-shamans, their spiritual journeys take place in a trance. However, as I dis...

Global changes taking place in modern society affected all spheres of political, social, economic and cultural life. There is a growing increase in the role of the ethnic factor in the global cultural and historical process, which is reflected in the increased interest in their cultural identity, territorial and cultural integrity. Occurred disconnection of time and generations, loss of spiritual guidance in society forced to seek a way out of the crisis and the renewed interest in ethnic culture, national traditi...

Cemetery culture is a phenomenon of everyday life culture that represents many anthropological concepts: memory, life, living, death, human body, soul, etc. Each culture develops its own model of the space of cemetery with the principles of designing the cemetery space, tombstone culture, burial, cemetery territory and its maintenance as well as commemoration traditions as its components. Investigation of cemeteries in the border area is a significant segment of studying the aspects of present and past, individual...

The author's understanding of mechanisms of cultural interaction of the peoples living on the Volga is given. Processes of formation and development of traditional national costumes are interpreted in a new light, on the basis of postnonclassical methods. The essence of genesis of a traditional costume, mechanisms of distribution of its most successful cultural forms, the factors influencing on image and clothes of people are revealed. Connection of a traditional costume as an integral figurative and artistic syst...

Man is body and soul, and suffering can be lived as pain of the body or pain of the soul, related to a psychological or a spiritual state. God does not want man's suffering, yet it penetrated in man's life as a consequence of the ancestral sin and of the wrong use of freedom by our ancestors Adam and Eve. The Holy Fathers of the Church, having gone through suffering, teach that man should not be concerned mainly by the natural causes of suffering or the means to heal a disease, but should first of all try to analy...

The results of the extensional research of the initial stages of Tatar literary language establishing are introduced in this work. Studying the establishment of Tatar literary language, which is considered to be the recension of the Volga region Turkic literary language, conducted by the author, includes a wide range of the literary monuments. The detailed examination shows that the Golden Horde literary language was formed basing on the Kirchak Koine. The Kipchak Koine was used by writers and poets, who relied on...

The Middle-Ages can be considered as the affirmation of Europe as the center of civilization, and the Gothic style as the manifestation of this affirmation.In the European context, Portugal is born with the conquest of the Iberian Peninsula from the Moors, and its recognition as an independent country coincides with the appearance of the Gothic style.The Gothic had two means of assertion in Portugal: The scholarly path, expressed in the foreign influence of the Cistercian Gothic of Alcobaca as well as the flamboya...

An urban arterial, collector or local street must be geometrically and functionally designed, i.e. not only considering the occupation of the physical space but also the capacity and level of service provided, that is directly related with the perception of the user. The pavement is an element of the urban infrastructure that also has a fundamental effect on the perception of the user, for instance on the ride quality (regularity and skid resistance of the surface), visibility and especially on the interventions f...

From an architectural office, that was founded to become the antidote to the star-architecture, here there are three herotic names on the cat walk of the contemporary architecture; Rem Koolhaas, as the founder of OMA, Winy Maas as the founder of MVRDV and finally Bijark Ingles as the founder of BIG. The beginning of 1990's is the time of the capital market changes the hand by the neo-liberalism; inter connected networks, known generally as the internet, start to be called as internet, which will be the new space o...

In the architectural practice, the correct ideas - being property of all - are naturally assimilated and its validation is guaranteed by the evidence of the facts in the building. This way, the good ideas result in good practice, decoding a “modus faciendi” inherent to the discipline of architecture, where the passage of time does lead to its own tradition. But when the craving of innovative and different ideas, absurd ideas arise, what legitimacy has the architect to persuade the client, or even being persuad...

This article is meant to provide a brief overview of the recently emerging trend in sustainable architecture - the using of locally available, often unprocessed materials to construct fully functioning, modern residential architecture. From the use of garbage as filler in concrete, to structures made of compressed earth found on-site that are not only pleasing to the eye, but also offer high quality insulation properties, architects and engineers are rediscovering seemingly primitive materials and design solutions...

From a social viewpoint, justice is the principle which most people of all classes refer to nowadays. As it must be the basis of building a strong and sustainable society, this principle is studied and researched by individuals and private institutions, as well as civil and international religious institutions. The term of justice, at an empirical glance, seems to express a simple idea, accessible to most people's knowledge ability. However, analyzed in depth, from several perspectives, it proves to intrinsically ...

For designing process in single family houses many think that is the simplest thing in designing. But they often do not bear in mind that the architect has to collaborate with the potential user of the house. This collaboration must be effective, so that the process continues in the desired direction. In this sphere the architect has to think about the user's needs and wishes and the architectural landscape where the object will be placed, as well as on the spatial legislation in that area. Combining all that in o...

The Academic Ranking and Rating Agency - ARRA annually evaluates the faculties of universities in the Slovak Republic. In 2013 the recorded level of interest in studying a PhD at universities was at its lowest. ARRA assumes that over the next few years, this trend will not change. Because the doctoral studies in Slovakia are the highest degree of education, the survey was therefore conducted to identify individual aspects of satisfaction with doctoral studies at the Faculty of Management during the winter semester...

This conceptual paper is based on the document analysis aimed at systemizing knowledge about the potential application of catastrophe bonds (cat bonds) by non-financial companies, together with the identification of the limitations of their usage. We also analyse market data to provide information about the current state and development of cat bonds. After examining theoretical publications and the available market data, we have identified several areas of cat bonds application within corporate financial managemen...

The main objective of this paper is to highlight the new tendencies on the adventure tourism, in this regard we consolidating the basis of the specialty literature of this new market of designing and developing bike parks to be used both when practicing urban and mountainous tourism as well. In this view, this paper presents a piece of qualitative research we conducted so as to identify the tourists' needs and opinions about the importance of such bike parks in Romania and to have a marketing background for improv...