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ARTISTIC COMMUNITIES: GRASS-ROOTED SUSTAINABILITY IN EMERGING CREATIVE CITY (CASE-STUDY IN ST. PETERSBURG, RUSSIA)
Abstract
Creativity is widely acknowledged to be the trigger of innovations and urban development after recognition of ideas by R. Florida, R. Landry and others on creative city and creative class though the latter notions are nowadays criticized for unsustainability issues they raise (Kirchberg & Kagan 2013). Moreover, these ideas put the main accent on macro-level of analysis, i.e. economic effects of creativity in the cities; however the micro-level of creativity - grass-rooted interactions of real creative actors - which is the immediate context for ideas generation and active involvement into the city life - is often left out of attention. In this paper, we regard sustainability in creative cities in frames of newly developed perspective linking the latter with “participatory, bottom-up, intergenerational approaches” (Kagan & Verstraete, 2011: 16). In particular, we consider sustainability as an outcome of artists' activity who are embedded in the city space. The designated micro-level of sustainability emergent through creativity becomes valuable in the urban contexts characteristic of post-soviet region with no stable policies of cultural development and literally no †creative cities' as such. Absence of governmental support for artistic initiatives conditions variable adaptation tactics within the creative actors, which result in grass-rooted sustainability in contemporary city.
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