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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ARCHITECT AND PATRONAGE OF OTTOMAN MOSQUES IN 16TH CENTURY
Abstract
16th century was the most important century on the history of Ottoman architecture not only because it was its Golden Age of Empire economically, but also Architect Sinan, the head architect of dynasty had lived in that era. As the head architect of dynasty, Architect Sinan designed different building types on private, public and religious usage, such as bridges, aqueducts, Turkish baths, mosque complexes including darulkuttap, darulhadis, medresahs and etc. However, his name is mostly known as the architect of well-known mosques constructed in the name of sultans, hanim sultans and pashas of the Empire. At that point, one question arises, is there an effect of patronage to mosque designing process of Architect Sinan's mosques, like Piyale Pasha affected Piyale Pahsa mosque's six domed structure; Mihrimah Sultan affected slim minarets of Mihrimah Sultan Mosque, Rustem Pasha affected the interior tile ornamentation of Rustem Pasha Mosque or Kanuni Sultan Suleiman affected the dome structure system as 2 semi domes supported one main dome in Suleimaniye Mosque. Relationship not only between art and political power, but also between art and ideology are two important fields to be searched for better understanding of the Ottoman socio-cultural life. Here two very important questions should be asked as how Ottoman intelligentsia and Ottoman elite took the control of the power of relationship among art, bureaucracy and ideology and how this class shaped the art process in 16th century? Thus, the paper will focus on understanding of how patronage controls the relationship between art, bureaucracy and ideology.
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