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Transition to the 21st century brought within the framework of the European a special situation, namely, migration of the population to the other member states in order to find well paid jobs. The research analyses the population migration within the last 3 years compared with the period 1990-2000. It takes into account the level of migration from countries such as Romania, Bulgaria or Hungary immediately after the accession to the European Union. The research is based on data from the European Union reports, the ...

The article presents a study of cultural buildings and hybrid cultural complexes that have been built throughout the last decade in many cities in Poland as a result of the „Bilbao effect”, focusing on the improvement of the quality and attractiveness of urban public spaces due to their construction. The research method used in the work was based on desk research, on-site research, as well as a comparative analysis of selected examples, referring them to cases known from literature. The base for the research un...

Russian cities have been transformed considerably in the post-soviet period, including economic base, forms of ownership, architectural view, land structure, methods of planning and governance. However, the patterns of such transformation are significantly varying for different types of cities. In this paper the major transformation processes and the factors influencing the pace and scale of urban economy transformationsare discussed on the example of the cities, including in Yekaterinburg agglomeration. The autho...

The article deals with the differential trends in the social and economic regional development in the context of globalization. The authors believe that important factors of regional development today are innovation resource areas, their institutional environment, political regimes and regional policy, and geographical and socio-demographic factors. Globalization processes have an impact on the level of state differentiation. Some countries will follow global trends whereas others can lag behind. Trends are contro...

Over time, the idea that the regeneration of the worldВ’s residual, intermediate suburban spaces plays a strategic role in testing new models of participatory processes has gradually taken hold. Cohesion, inclusiveness, sharing and integration are the basis of such processes. They are the concepts that lie at the heart of the documents produced at an international level over the past 30 years, particularly the 2030 New Urban Agenda, as the five В‘PВ’s: People, Planet, Prosperity, Peace and Partnership. In such a s...

The tomatoes have highest share in Romanian crops from protected spaces (greenhouses, solariums). The grafting is an agronomical technique that induces or improves some qualities of the tomato cultivars (resistance to soil diseases and pests, resistance to abiotic factors, quantity and quality of fruit production). The research was aimed the establishing of the technological stages for producing of scion and rootstock seedlings from L. esculentum species, to obtain compatible phenotype when is grafted. The observa...

The objective of this experimental work was to evaluate a grafted watermelon organic culture at Research and Development Institute for Processing and Marketing of Horticultural Products – Horting, Bucharest, Romania for pollution reduction and efficient use of land destined to urban research and education. The watermelon (Citrullus lanatus sp. vulgaris) is a plant originally from the South Africa and cultivated over all in world. It is a very popular and important crop in Romania. This research was conducted on ...

Miedzianka is a small town in Lower Silesia, in region of Rudawy Janowickie, which has basically disappeared. Possessing municipal rights until 1945, today it is merely a village, with a few houses and a church being all we can find here. The diploma engineering project presents an interesting history of the former mining settlement and a proposal to revitalize post-mining areas for purposes of tourism. The aim of the student's work was to bring Miedzianka back to life, discovering or creating assets that provide ...

Water and greenery have always accompanied cities. Initially, their role was purely utilitarian, while over time, during the modern period, they started toВ—in conjunction with buildings and the open public spaces of representative squares and streetsВ—build the urban composition of many European cities. During the period of the nineteenth-century excessive densification of urban tissue linked with the sudden increase in industrial production and the influx of people into cities, greenery and polluted water practi...

The article presents the results of the study, aiming at substantiation of approaches to the phenomenon definition of В«secondary citiesВ», specificity of its manifestation in emerging markets countries. The authors emphasize the importance of В«secondary citiesВ», (or secondary tiers cities) in development of national urban systems in emerging markets countries. To confirm this argument, the following factors are used: firstly, a significant number of secondary cities; secondly, intensification of polarization pr...

The word security is nowadays a very inflected term. Security is addressed not only on a global level, but also on a regional level and, last but not least, on an individual level. This term is applied in all areas of our lives. Nowadays, up to fifty security types are defined. Each kind of security has its specifics. Security against intentional threats requires forceful action and sustained readiness. Insecurity against unexpected threats, an emphasis is placed on checking the status and conditions, adherence to...

The city itself is a multifunctional and complex object that can be represented as a demographic, ecological, transport, administrative-territorial and industrial production system. Unlike a conventional city, the smart city actually means a "digital" city - a concept that has so far no unambiguous definition. Experts' opinions, however, unite in the fact that a smart city should not be perceived in the narrow sense as a city packed with technology. The technologies in this case are rather a means of achieving a c...

Smart cities are a relatively new phenomenon that requires careful study. A particularly interesting and complex issue is the question of the prospects for the development of smart cities in the far north and in the Arctic zone. Arctic and northern territories have a number of features, such as the focal (localized) nature of economic activity, the uneven distribution of people, the concentration of the population in cities, the low population density, harsh climatic conditions, low transport accessibility, underd...

In the face of evolutions in Polish railway, and of its division as well as complex problems the localities which serviced busy railway traffic lost their importance. The former junctions, handling stations and railway settlements, presently are subject to uncontrolled changes and natural destruction. It also happened in the case of I?owo-Osada (Poland) .In the 19th century, this settlement thanks to the railway line was blooming, but at present forgotten and neglected experiences stagnation.As the railway is bein...

The article discusses some features of the placement and dynamics of the urban population of the republics of Bashkortostan and Tatarstan from 2000 to 2017. The paper highlights the main factors influencing the pace of development of the urban population in the two economically developed republics of Russia in the early XXI century. The role of the transport factor is revealed and the value of the Volga river with its large tributaries in the change of the urban population in the study area is justified. The study...

The aim of the article is to present characteristic astonishing phenomena occurring in health resorts located by the Baltic Sea. Coastal villages, especially those in which medical activities have been carried out for years, are of great interest to numerous tourists and visitors. Although there are 45 spa resorts in Poland, only six of them are located on the Baltic coast. (?winouj?cie, Kamie? Pomorski, Kolobrzeg, Ustka, Sopot and until 2007 D?bki). Seaside spa towns have been for years an attractive place for nu...

The current research answers the question whether the energy efficiency resulting from the application of modern technologies is associated with savings at the scale of individual housing units, and further – at the scale of whole cities and countries. Therefore, the results indicate whether under certain climatic and economic conditions, the further improvement of the energy parameters of buildings is profitable. The research was carried out on a selected, heterogeneous fragment of housing development in Wroc?a...

The main indicator of the effectiveness and efficiency of the socio-economic policy of any state is the standard of living of the population. It is the well-being of the population, its level of security, prosperity, health, education and self-realization that determine the development of the country as a whole. Currently, incomes and expenses of the population are an important component of the system of social and labor relations not only in Russia but also in many countries around the world. The aim of the study...

The intensity and frequency of the daily activities of the population is a direct consequence of the townВ’s physical size growth. Urban dynamics depend both on the physico-geographical characteristics of space and on human behavior as the "pressure factor". The town of Botosani it was mentioned for the first time, by the chronicler Grigore Ureche, in 1439, as the largest fair in Moldavia. Situated at the intersection of important commercial roads of the time, the affirmation of urban life has been linked to trade...

In the Czech Republic, but also in the world, there is an increasing amount of extraordinary events and crisis. These situations significantly affect the operation of the state. There are mainly floods, storms or snow calamities, in the Czech Republic. These crises also affect hospitals. These events disrupt the supply of water, food, energy, but also other services. Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic provides these emergency supplies - emergency drinking water supply, emergency food supply, emergency power...

The progress of the architecture and urbanism raises problems requiring interdisciplinary research conducted with the use of advanced experimental techniques and computer simulation. The fields of this research include aerodynamics, especially in intensively developed area of Environmental Wind Engineering (EWE). Aerodynamic phenomena occurring around buildings have a significant impact on the quality of the climate in the cities. This paper deals with the issue of dependence of air exchange in urban spaces on the...

The scientific-educational approach, combining the educational point of view with the scientific criticism of the educational approach, was formed, oddly enough, in the study of alchemy, and views the latter as a stage in the development of chemistry. It is this approach which combined the ideas of the Enlightenment with natural science and its history and became the basis for the formation of a classical view of the Hermetic tradition. This approach is based on the reality of the object of alchemy, proving that i...

Space is the common weal. Its shaping and use are connected with the responsibility for the result, which will be our footprint for future generations. A planner takes responsibility for a future perception of their work. Their action will also have different effects for economy, business and society. These aspects shape our daily living, influence its standard, connected not only with economy, but also with an aesthetic perception and the feeling of safety. Preparing planning studies consists in establishing the ...

Searching for quality of density of the city eventually acts as an answer to the question about the possibility of improving its structure. Moreover, the goal for the contemporary city is to become gradually more and more competitive. Therefore, increasing polarization of urban structures – in terms of the quality of life that they offer – becomes domain of contemporaneity. At the same time, the process becomes a challenge for building visions of the future.The example of New York Manhattan shows the act of cr...

The Cittaslow Association was founded in Italy in 1999 to solve problems relating to spatial transformations, economic development and local identity. Headquartered in Orvieto, the movement brings together towns from several countries. The Cittaslow movement is committed to improving the quality of life of residents by promoting healthy life, protecting natural and cultural heritage and respecting local traditions as well as promoting alternatives to the current model of global development. The paper deals with a ...

In accordance with the implementation of the concept of sustainable development and the need to implement policies aimed at creating an enabling environment for a decent life of citizens, the main strategic objective of the spatial development of a modern city is to ensure sustainable and balanced development of urban space in order to improve the quality of life of citizens.The unevenness of the economic development of the territories within the boundaries of the city determined the need for strategic planning an...

Health resorts and spas have been created around many large cities and European metropolises for centuries. For years, the Author has been researching spatial conditions in Polish and European spas in literature and during field- related architectural and urban studies. In the article the Author presents issues of spa treatment centres in the Cracow metropolis, where the first of them began their activities in the 18th century. The work distinguishes several types of organisational and programme-spatial situations...

The paper is referring to the design workshop as a method of developing various project proposals for the difficult urban site. The study case was an area of Ringön in Gothenburg, Sweden. Gothenburg is probably just before the major transitions of the river area. Former and present industrial sites separate the city from the waterfront. The Göta River is still dividing the public space, the landscape potential seems unused. Revitalisation of the Ringön became a topic of an international workshop for students in...

Balkan architecture, as a synthesis between Orient and Occident, has offered modern architecture many possibilities for continuity and particularization. These features, interpreted and exploited by Henriette Delavrancea-Gibory, Romanian architect from the modern period, can be found within the architectural works on the shore of the Black Sea. The villas from Balchik, integrated to a specific landscape and in harmony with the spirit of the place, continue and reinterpret the local traditions of the vernacular arc...

The article presents the results of interdisciplinary exploratory research aimed to develop the methodological approach to the typology of contemporary urbanization processes for natural resource regions of Siberia. Youth's perception of urban space safety factors as a specific condition determining the urbanization of territories of the Siberian natural resource regions is taken into account. An example of Krasnoyarsk region is studied. The reported study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Gover...

The aim of this paper is to outline the issue of grasping sustainable development in practice. The institutional system applies this term with pertinent sonority, which entices the general public. Where did the term sustainable development actually come from and what does its application involve with respect to land planning or planning the development of the agglomeration itself, and how can the individual institutions and the public get involved? To answer these questions, one must know the basic principles of s...

Background The publication presents the results of a comparative analysis of the problem of environmental protection as it pertains to residential architecture. The study was performed on a group of users of residential projects in Poland and the Netherlands. The two countries are at a different level in terms of the level of knowledge regarding sustainable development and the design of sustainable residential projects. Poland is not at an equal level to the Netherlands. This is mainly because of ineffective educa...

The aim of this paper is to highlight the most important historical monuments, civil or religious, now present especially in the Romanian towns Constan?a and Mangalia, who originated from the Ancient Greek colonies. Today, both cities host various types of monuments - Royal Palaces, Christian churches, Muslim mosques, Jewish synagogues, the famous Romanian Casino from Constan?a, Greek/Roman/Byzantine remains of walls, roads, buildings, civil and religious ones from late XIX century. Due to lack of the will of the ...

Relevance of this work is caused by an increasing requirement to involve the population in solving problems of sustainable development of municipalities. This paper, based on the results of sociological studies, provides the urban populationВ’s evaluation of environmental situation and also determines its willingness to participate in solving environmental problems. The results show that the urban population is concerned about the ecological situation because of its contact with environmental issues in everyday li...

In societies with permanent settlements i.e. built environment, ideas about time and permanence are deeply present in form of an abstract one-dimensional temporal path in both directions: through the concept of past time and making the world of memories, and also of future time through making the world of aspirations and assumptions. This paper aims to address the question: did the formulation of the concept of time and permanence along with some other concepts set the stage for human cultures to enter into the ar...

This paper deals with the nature of understanding the term green customer in automotive industry. There has been confusion between purported meanings of this term by different groups of people. The green customer shall be defined on the basis of his motivation that ultimately drives his purchasing behaviour. However, this term is often misinterpreted. The definitions of different groups of people are developed in this paper. Logical implications together with empirical validation are applied to test their validity...

As electric vehicles market in Europe grows, the requirements for higher density of charging infrastructure are increasing. The purpose of this study is to present a method how the existing supply of charging service can be measured. This is demonstrated on the current situation in the Czech Republic. The paper follows on the background of previously published studies dealing with charging infrastructure optimization models. Geographical datasets of various types are processed and merged. Crucial factors of the pr...

Commercial suburbanization belongs to one of the most dynamic processes affecting development of cities as well as its population. Nitra, similarly to other cities in Slovakia, has faced remarkable boom of commercial suburbanization in recent years. New retail stores, logistic centres, industrial halls and further tertiary facilities establish their premises on the cityВ’s suburbs. Currently, the process of commercial suburbanization in Nitra has several forms. The aim of this paper is to evaluate forms of commerc...

The paper deals with the policy and support of the creative industry in the Zilina Region. In the Zilina Region, the major part of the creative industry is represented by the advertising industry. The main aim of the paper is to identify the aspects of the support in the advertising industry in the Zilina Region. To achieve the aim of the paper, the primary research consisting of personal, telephone, and e-mail questioning was carried out. The survey was aimed at the advertising agencies operating in the Zilina Re...

Nowadays, automobile traffic reaches such levels, that one of the biggest topics of the bigger and the smaller cities is its optimization. From this problematic arises a question as: how can we streamline traffic in the city? Or with which way can we get the traffic out of the city, to reduce the impact of the transit traffic to the city center. Automobile traffic often achieves critical numbers, which impact is in creation of traffic jams and the city can easily become impassable. The solution could be find in le...

Global cities have already entered the circle of key actors of international politics and world industry. As the focus of global connectivity routes, international trade and soft power has encountered a considerable shift to Asia-Pacific region, the number of global cities in this region has also increased, along with the concentration of industry and the population growth. While the economy of the PeopleВ’s Republic of China remains the fastest growing in the world, more and more Chinese cities reach the level of...

The thesis deals with the assessment of the economic impact of the use of ownership and separate operational models on water cost and water infrastructure impacts on the distribution network in the Czech Republic. For the purpose of the work, publicly accessible data from the Czech Statistical Office, data provided by water network operators, financial statements and closures of public network operators and relevant laws and decrees valid in the Czech Republic are used.The article compares the impacts of the owner...

Sustainable development of a modern city is an extremely urgent task that must be addressed by all city residents in order to ensure the high quality of the urban environment, the high quality of life, the balance of the city and the natural environment. Sustainable development of the city should ensure the creation of a beautiful, healthy, beloved city, ensuring full satisfaction of their needs. An environmentally friendly urban environment that satisfies biological needs has an extremely large impact on resident...

Mobility along with housing and food are mayor household consumption clusters and the main driving forces of environmental impact. The need for transportation and importance of mobility for entrepreneurship and households has risen in the past decades. Even though transportation conveys socioeconomic benefits, it also has significant environmental, social and economic costs. Therefore, there is an exigent need to promote behavior change, and, when it comes to transport, it means, promotion of modal shift, use of e...

In the modern world, cities play an important role. In the case of non-competitiveness of the city, the welfare of the population, the conditions for doing business, reducing employment, etc., deteriorates, so the notion of "city competitiveness" comes close to the notion of "sustainable development". In many cities, spatial development begins to experience an increasing imbalance between the demands of the population and business entities, on the one hand, and the opportunities for meeting them by building new an...

The security of citizens and their property is becoming an increasingly complex process. One of the reasons is the fact that the number of negative influences on security increases. It is necessary to know the current state and development of the security to improve its level in the future. Security is generally affected by crime and but also by other various antisocial activities. These antisocial activities do not have to be classified as criminal offenses but can be classified as offenses. The paper highlights ...

Human Development Index is a composite statistic currently viewed as an indicator of “quality of life”. The rankings of the world’s countries were assessed by the authors to determine the level of compliance with Human Development Index. The results of the comparative analysis defining the potential opportunities for building “smart cities” are presented below. The top 14 countries, ranked by Gross Domestic Product, were assessed over such categories as: education, Information and Communication technology...

The article continues the series of publications on cognitive urbanism - a newly applied field of research and design in the built environment studies. The MACRO-level of the Built Environment incorporates such models as the "enclave", "region (area)" and "district" that are different in pedestrian proximity, circulation and identification of place. The local centers in residential areas should be programmed and located in the context of these cognitive models. The roles and importance of local centers have been s...

Development of cities provides a challenge for city transport, resulting in an increased need for fast and environment-friendly option of travel. The parking problem is a trivial, but complex problem. It lies in the domain of many scientific disciplines, including architects - who create local spatial development plans. The aim of the paper is to define the current status of public cubature car parks in Polish cities and presenting experiences of selected cities of Western Europe - as examples which will be follow...

At present, in the energy sector, the development and introduction of clean, safe, affordable energy-efficient technologies requires significant efforts and long time even for small scale projects. Sustainable and efficient use of energy requires increasing the share of renewable energy sources, use of clean generation technologies. Most countries face the following energy problems: the use of environmentally harmful energy sources that pollute the atmosphere, periodic interruptions in the electricity supply, heat...