Scholarly record

ADAPTATION OF PRINCIPLES OF INTEGRATION ARCHITECTURE INTO NATURE FOR URBAN PLANNING

V. Logvinov, D. Karelin, I. Ponomareva

Abstract

In the previous study the authors suggested and examined the principles of architecture's integration into nature (i. e. the principle of preservation of the place, regeneration of biocenose, interaction of environments, harmonization, using of natural-born forms, seamlessness, rational consumption, consolidation of forces). They have been used intuitively during the whole mankindВ’s history of creating an artificial environment. The aim of this paper is to show how the principles of architecture's integration into nature could be used in urban planning. On the one hand, architecture and urban planning should solve the same problem - creating the space for human vital activity, only on different levels. On the other hand, the main object for architects and for urban planners is communication and spatial structure, which connect different parts of cities and architectural objects. For urban planning these are squares, streets, urban spaces and so on, for architecture these are public spaces and communication inside the building. So the authors suggest that all the principles of architecture's integration into nature mentioned above can be used in urban planning either fully, or with minor corrections. For example, the principle of preservation of the place could be implemented both as a desire to decrease building areas and to preserve nature landscapes as much as possible. The principle of interaction of environments demands different methods due to the balance between natural and artificial environments. Using of natural-born forms could be implemented in two ways. On the one hand, urban planning often requires the preservation of existing natural forms and objects, for example, rivers, forests and natural relief. On the other hand, spatial organization, internal hierarchy and functional distribution inside urban structures are similar to a living organism structure from a topological point of view. If we admit the principles of integration of nature into architecture and urban structures, we will be able to define and classify the methods and ways of such integration in architecture as well as in urban planning. Extensive historical review and the analysis of the latest development tendencies allow the authors to examine in detail the applicability of all principles of integration of urban planning into nature and to define the main methods of their implementation.

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