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For Romania, potato is a culture of particular importance. Potato has a fairly important cultivation area, with early crops and autumn-winter crops. Potato is distinguished by its multifaceted importance (food, industrial raw material, agro-technical technology, fodder consumption, source of profit for farmers). The study covers the period 2014-2016. The applied analysis method is the comparison, made in time and space using structural and dynamic indices. Macro Region 1 cultivates the largest national potato area...

As things stand now, the two foreground factors, among others, contributing to sustainability of the integrated structures represented by regional industry clusters are sound use of energy resources and improvement of the economic efficiency of energy conservation measures and technologies being mastered by the manufacturers. The issues related to tailoring of a package of energy conservation measures followed by assessment of the influence produced by energy conservation projects on the efficiency and sustainabil...

Tourism is one of human life field where IT technologies are becoming essential occurrence in the contemporary world. The service of tourism becomes smart because of smart phone’s usage during traveling. On the last decade the usage of smart phones was enhanced with advanced features and the usage of smart phones is going to increase more than 2.8 billion until 2020 year. Thus, it is obvious that changes in the tourism industry in the near future will be related to smartphones due to the potential of these devices...

The relevance of this study is determined by the exponential increase of the qualitative natural resources value in the current processes of reproduction of socio-economic systems at various levels of the hierarchy. Effective strategic management of natural capital is identified today as a necessary condition for increasing the sustainability of innovative development of the economy and society. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the new directions of the specification of natural capital in the system of ...

The significant growth in tourism from Romania has led to more and more complex scientific approaches on the role of this sector in the structural dynamics of the local economy. The study aims to develop analytical methodologies of the dynamic relationship between tourism and the other components of the territorial system. Quantification of complex relationship in each tourist resort from Romania was carried out through a database at the territorial administrative unit level, at NACE cod level (Classification of A...

Modern economy is characterized by significant strengthening of integration processes caused by the deepening of relations between countries, international trade liberalization, scientific and technological progress, development of productive forces and the deepening of international labor division. This results in the formation of regional associations, which are evolving progressively into independent centers of the world economy. The article highlights various aspects of the integration processes in the common ...

The paper addresses various topics considering the identification of risks most common for financial market infrastructures. Views expressed in the article are in line with The Principles for financial market infrastructures and modern risk management developments in this field. Different approaches to identify risk appetite are considered depending on the business line of the infrastructure and main risks associated with it. The study uses comparative methods, benchmarking to market practices and recommendations....

Tourist organizations are global corporations operating across national borders. In the tourism sector there is a trend towards globalization fueled by a variety of factors The term "globalization" refers to the fact that companies are increasingly selling products and services on a global market, that is becoming more homogeneous. Behavior patterns of consumers are becoming more and more similar, despite their national characteristics, this trend being analyzed for over two decades. Global consumers are becoming ...

The paper addresses the topical issues of the development of ecological tourism and its influence on the ecology and the economy of the regions involved in the development and realization of ecological tours. The paper aims to summarize and to specify the scientific approaches to identifying the essence of ecological tourism from the providers’ and customers’ perspectives, and grounding the challenges and prospects of ecological tourism development in the world. This research was based on the methods of expert ass...

In the recent decade a noticeable increase of hotel industry interest in corporate social responsibility issues has been observed. As a result the growing number of hotel enterprises have been developing programmes and defining social and environmental goals, as well as preparing appropriate reports on their implementation, referred to as social responsibility reports (SRRs). The purpose of the article is to determine the degree of hotel industry interest in preparing SRRs and to analyse the content of nonfinancia...

The purpose of research was to assess trends and problems in the formation and development of state control over the targeted and rational use of budgetary funds in Russia. To achieve this goal, the Russian Federation normative legal acts from 1993 to 2017 were studied, as well as practitioners' and theorists' expert assessments directly involved in the process of state financial external control mechanisms formation. During the study, the authors identified the following trends in the external state financial con...

Due to its favourable geographic position in the centre of Romania, the tourist destination of Bra?ov has continuously developed. Being located in a picturesque mountainous area and having tourist potential which combines elements of the natural environment with cultural and historical values, nowadays Bra?ov has become one of the most attractive tourist destinations in Romania. Hence, the most important objectives of this paper were to identify the current changes in the tourism market and to highlight the possib...

Agriculture is an important sector of the economy in the European Union (EU) and milk production is one of the most significant agricultural sectors in Latvia. It has proven itself as the sector with stable development and future perspective. The purpose of this study is to analyse the dairy sector in Latvia and trends in its historical development and the future perspectives. To reach these purposes research tasks were set which helped to analyse the key elements of dairy sector in Latvia. This study allowed to c...

This article describes method of banking activities in the field of the Internet of banking of Russia. The issue of personal finance management services is relevant both for individuals and for families dealing with budget deficits and budget surpluses. Modern financial relations into which a citizen enters tend to become more complicated. This fact makes it necessary for subjects who manage personal finances to master a sufficiently high level of financial literacy. Therefore, personal finance management skills a...

In the present paper some possibilities for construction and application of various modifications of the well-known transportation problem are proposed aiming the minimizing of the transportation costs for transferring the material flows between suppliers and consumers. The transportation costs are usually a significant part of the total logistical expenses and each logistic system has its own specifics and characteristics for transportation of materials, goods and products. This gives opportunities for applying d...

Organic farming in Latvia is becoming more and more popular. The number of certified organic farms in Latvia increases annually. In 2016, the number of certified organic farms was 4147. The number of companies offering organic products as well as the number of consumers who are willing and able to buy these products is increasing. However, organic products are relatively expensive and less affordable than conventional products, which makes it difficult for farms to sell their produce, thus hindering the developmen...

The article describes the market of hotel services in the modern period in St. PETERSBURG and Leningrad region. Regional market instruments and their influence on the market structure change are considered. The volume of the market of hotel services in the conditions of the existing external factors is presented. An attempt is made to identify trends and patterns of development of the hotel services market, to explore the relationship of social, economic, demographic, environmental and other social phenomena and p...

The aim of the paper is to assess the millionaire cities attractiveness for residents in the Russian Federation in the period from 2011 to 2015. Ranking is made using 20 indices combined in five groups. As a result, authors find out that the best positions among millionaire cities in their attractiveness for living are taken by Ekaterinburg, Novosibirsk and Chelyabinsk. They are characterized by a high standard of living, the state of the economy, and the provision of social infrastructure. A little lower attracti...

The issues of fairness of taxation, use of taxes as a tool of social regulation are traditionally very significant. Especially their sharpness is felt during periods of global economic crisis, when there is a significant reduction in the standard of living of most of the population, and there is an increase in property stratification in society. For the Russian Federation, these problems acquire special significance in connection with the present low level of income of the majority of the population and a high lev...

The article examines prospects for expanding exports of manufactured goods in Russia's foreign trade and increasing presence of Russian companies on the world markets of goods with high added value. In the paper macroeconomic tendencies, national and regional conditions of foreign economic activity (FEA) are analyzed. The author focuses on the infrastructure and public administration aspects of supporting international trade of the Russian Federation. The article offers short-term, medium-term and long-term scenar...

The labor market is the most important element of the economic system, since it represents the aggregate of supply and demand for labor, the balance of which determines the economic growth of the country as a whole and of the particular region, in particular. On the other hand, it is largely correlated with the capital market, the means of production, consumer goods, etc. Thus, it can be said that the labor market is the most important factor in the development of the economy, the effective functioning of which en...

Tourism development in the Russian Arctic is one of the most promising prospects for the regional economies in terms of sustainability, diversification, and social outcomes. However, the opportunities and capabilities to participate in the tourism sector vary among different regions depending on their geographical location, climatic conditions, and infrastructural development. Official statistics often cannot catch up with fast speed changes of the Arctic communities. While several case studies have been conducted...

The present stage of evolution processes puts forward to the social conscience a problem of determining a further way for Russian society development because today it became urgently needed to rethink the accumulated experience and relevant transformation of the country economy management system for the purpose of national sustainable development. Transition of western countries to the fourth technological mode of social relationship development requires a new society to be built that is based on principle of lega...

One of the critical questions in local authorities both in Russia and in many other countries with a decentralized fiscal system, is an increasing level of financial resources concentration in central budgets that reduces the impact of municipal governments in carrying out their tasks in the local public sector. Using economic and statistical methods this study shows the dominant role of regulating revenues and the low proportion of local taxes and charges in the municipal budgets’ revenue structure. The level of ...

Professional skepticism of auditors is considered one of the most important factors of auditing and audit quality. Auditing standards describe requirements to evaluate audit evidence with an attitude of skepticism. Professional skepticism is the crucial element which is missed when audit failures occur. This paper examines academic research related with the auditors’ skeptical judgement and decisions. The main purpose of the research is to provide conceptual description of the professional skepticism, emphasize is...

Companies are increasingly implementing new performance measurement systems to track non-financial measures such as customer and employee satisfaction, quality, market share, productivity, and innovation. According to the existing theoretical literature, non-financial performance measures provide managers with incentives to improve long-term financial performance and, on the other hand, financial performance measures provide managers with incentives to improve short-term financial performance. This study examines ...

In this paper authors present the assessment of ecological well-being in large Russian cities, situated in the Volga Federal District. Comparative analysis is made for five cities of the Volga Federal District of the Russian Federation for the period 2008-2015, based on data published annually by the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation, namely the statistical yearbooks “Regions of Russia. Main socio-economic indicators of cities”. To assess the ecological well-being of inhabitants, stati...

The key finding of the previous research is the fact that protests are a result of a multifactorial negative impact of socio-economic factors on an individual and group consciousness of citizens. Thus, effective counteracting protest activity assumes managing and administrating social and economic processes in order to neglect threats and overcome negative consequences of crisis in society and economy. The research reveals methodology of counteracting protest activity on the basis of cognitive maps which is an eff...

The economic pressure on the forestry fund is one of the greatest challenges of contemporary society, generating major imbalances both in the natural components of the territorial systems and in the anthropic ones. In order to quantify the evolution of the complexity of the phenomenon analysed, we have chosen for our research two methods of textural fractal analysis to determine which of the two is more relevant to the study. Textural fractal analysis is an analysis that no longer requires binarization, maintainin...

One of the tools of budgetary financial management is the normative per capita financing of university educational programs. The main financial instrument to support the development of Russian universities is currently earmarked funding of federal education development programs (FEDRO) and the country's leading universities. Analysis of the financial support of the FEDPRO from 2006 to 2015 showed that the insufficient level of financial support significantly reduces the effectiveness of the FEDPRO. Minimizing the ...

In the modern economy competitiveness is set as one of conditions of economic recovery. Facilitation of competitiveness may be advanced by the means of clusters, which are set as one of key priorities in strengthening and developing innovations in the whole Europe. Facilitation of competitiveness of fisheries sector cluster is a topical issue at the level of the EU. Strengthening the competitiveness of the sector cluster may better advance not only achievement of the EU Common Fisheries Policy goals and ensuring p...

Marketing activities and their utilisation are inevitable part of almost all companies operating in current high competitive market. If the company wants to be successful and sell their goods and services, it needs to be visible for its potential customers. To support demand and product offer the implementation of tools of marketing and communication mix is important. Tourism sector is no exception. The main aim of the article was to focus and point out the marketing tools and activities that are used by tourist i...

For a long time, corporate governance has been presented as a universal solution for all problems. Economic and financial disasters have been a cold shower for the global society, showing that the mere statement of leadership based on corporate governance principles does not award objectivity and professionalism to activities by itself. Much has been said and little has been implemented along the times, so that the global society has had to accept that a correlation is needed between what is declared and what is i...

The multifaceted nature of federalism imposes its formation as a political, economic, social, and cultural institution. An analysis of the existing model of federal relations in modern Russia showed incompleteness of the institutional design of federalism. The article analyzes federalism as an economic institution, mostly affecting aspects of fiscal federalism. The reasons for the ineffectiveness of the existing Russian federal model are the high transaction costs and disfunctions of the institution. Institutional...

Since 2007 Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index provides the opportunity to compare countries within the travel and tourism competitiveness. This index evaluates a number of areas related to travel and tourism, which may affect its competitiveness. One of the essential factors for travel and tourism competitiveness is health and hygiene. Within health and hygiene pillar, sub-pillars such as Physician density, Access to improved sanitation, Access to improved drinking water, Hospital beds, HIV prevalence, and M...

Tourism is a growth generator element of functional complexity of the territorial systems with touristic function, an important part for the economic development of these resorts, but it also represents the space where the economic crisis can generate major imbalances in their evolution. The study aims to identify adaptive patterns of territorial systems with touristic function after the start of the global economic crisis. The methodology of this study consists in the creation of an economic database at administr...

Deforestation is a contemporary challenge manifested in extensive areas, requiring both quantitative analysis through established and qualitative methods by applying fractal analysis methods. Using GIS methods for processing post-processed satellite imagery, the loss area during 2000-2016 were determined and prepared as images necessary for fractal analysis. The fractal methods used were the Local Connected Fractal Dimension (LCFD), the Tug-of War Lacunarity and the Fractal Fragmentation Index (FFI). Methods that ...

The main attention in the article is paid to a problem of public transport along suburban routes tariff transportations calculation. Research represents system approach, which is describing harmonization interests of the suburban passenger traffic market participants. The existent methods analysis of tariff formation for public transport services is conducted in this paper. Nowadays these methods do not reflect interests of all market participants and also do not take into account all influencing factors. The nece...

In the context of growing competition in the world market and the corresponding search for new development tools, the creation of special economic zones of various kinds contributes to the formation of poles of economic growth not only in the export and import of products, but also in the creation of industrial complexes and innovative sectors of development. Currently, the creation and functioning of special economic zones is a tool to stimulate the competitive advantages of territories, international economic co...

The aim of the article is to explore real factors of the economic transformation in some Arab countries – exporters of natural resources, such as Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (the UAE) and the Republic of Sudan, as the concrete examples of limitations, which influence on the potential of development of the transitional economies of the Western Asian and African states. Among the factors of economic development and growth there are not only factors of supply, in the first instance raw materials, capital a...

The economic activity through its correlative system is under the direct influence of human capital as a determinant. Tourism as an economic activity has great potential for transformation. This potential is due to the upward trend, together with other economic activities, to the attention of the specialists, who are dealing with the irreparable destruction of the environment. In this sense, tourism and the environment have been a matter of discussion for the scientists of the past two decades, which led to the fo...

Nowadays, commerce is also actively transforming, moving from offline to online. There is a constant annually dramatic growth of retail e-commerce sales. This thesis establishes the importance of electronic money, online payments and the role of e-commerce in the modern world; describes the peculiarities of e-money market and e-commerce in Russia and in global. In general, it is possible to note several trends in the Russian market of e-commerce. One of them is an active growth of the segment of payments of the Ru...

The article is devoted to the research of relation between the competitive position of the firm (cluster) and monetary policy. For objective reasons, the Bank of Russia cannot become the main driver of economic development, but can create conditions for this by maintaining price, social and financial stability, ensuring stability and development of the financial sector and settlement system. Bank of Russia conducts monetary policy within the framework of inflation targeting. The interaction of monetary policy and ...

With time, the localities within the Carpathian and Sub-Carpathian space of Romania have changed their functionality because of several historical and social events that took place. The study aims to highlight the transformations that have been observed over time, explaining the situation of the last few years and the trends that could favour the local economic situation. Thus, the research has been based on the analysis of the documents that rightfully proclaimed the establishment of the locality, on the analysis...

Business creating and developing is a complex, multifaceted and risky task. One of the ways to solve such tasks is to create an internal control system. Internal control should be exercised at all the levels of enterprise management. The current state of this issue does not provide clear recommendations for solving the problem, and this leads to an increase of the cost and tax burden. The organization of internal control is complicated due to the vagueness of the wording of the content of this type of control in t...

The study proposes to promote ecotourism and to highlight its importance for the economic development of the studied area. Caras Severin County attract a lot of tourists due to the high number of touristic objectives, but mainly due to Bigar waterfall which was nominated as the most beautiful waterfall in the world. Due to the high number of tourists, the natural landscapes are damaged, therefore the purpose of this study is to acknowledge the value of nature, so that the tourists and the managers of the touristic...

One of the information sources describing an enterprise, its activities and results is the system of measurement and disclosures – i.e. accounting. This system, in its structure and effects of functioning, by adopting e.g. the final outcome in the form of a financial statement, should take into account the environmental challenges within which it is supposed to carry out the assigned goals. It is natural that changing the modern form of accounting (and therefore also financial reporting) becomes the function of dy...

Modern trends in the development of the economy determine the need to improve the efficiency of management of investment processes, since the intensification of investment activity contributes to the renewal of the material and technical base, expansion of production, strengthening of competitive advantages. Analysis of the experience of stimulating investment activity in the regions of the Russian Federation allowed to identify several areas, the implementation of which will provide additional capital inflow to t...

Like the European Union, the Slovak Republic is also experiencing rapid aging of population, which is caused mainly by an increase in the expected life expectancy combined with a low birth rate. In general, the negative impacts of population aging on public finances of the state are analysed. Less attention is paid to the impact of aging on national economy in terms of volume changes and the structure of supply and demand for products and services. The concept of silver economy can be defined as the potential repr...

The article deals with the basics of the formation of tourism in society, reveals the content of the phenomenon of tourism, offers a unified social system of tourism, its essence, characteristics and philosophical purpose. The analysis of scientific understanding of the phenomenon of tourism based on scientific schools of the Western sociological science is carried out. An attempt is made to systematize the statements of European scientists about the commercial nature of tourism and the creation of a single touris...