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In the current unstable international circumstances, the specific features of everyday life during extreme hardship have become an intensively debated issue in European and Russian historiography. In terms of human survival and coping with difficulties, the Second World War, involving the Soviet-German conflict 1941-1945, is among the primary topics for investigation. Furthermore, the emergence of new approaches and the release of declassified war archives have shed new light on the everyday history; the anthropol...

The article examines the relationship between the armed forces of the Russian Empire and film companies in the early twentieth century. It shows the Emperor Nicholas II’s interest in the cinema. The history of A. A. Khanzhonkov’s company, which created the films "Defense of Sevastopol city" and “The Baltic fleet", is shown. The paper gives examples of military people participation in the feature and documentary films. It also shows the role of cinema in promoting the Russian Empire armed forces’ reputation at...

The Cantacuzinos were a very large imperial orthodox family. The complexity of their relations through kinship goes from the Ottoman dynasty through kinship with Orhan to kinship with the family of Aragon. We can say that these kinships anticipate the genealogical tree of the later Corvinus kinships. This aspect must be directly related to the closest CantacuzinosВ’ kinships, namely kinships to the Brankoviches. Brankovich is an old Nemanjic family, still undeterminable. They succeeded in imposing themselves throu...

The occupation of the Caucasus by the Russian Empire holds an important place in the 19th century world history. It great influenced on the arrangement of forces in those times in the world and gave rise to Russian EmpireВ’s advance in the south direction, negative results of which we're still suffering today. The Caucasus War appeared to be hard for the population of this region. Many ethnos faced the threat of physical destruction, and some of them, such as Ubbis, disappeared from history, and over half a millio...

The article is dedicated to finding the main features of the relationship between the church and the government during the first months of the Soviet power based on the analysis of the events in December 1917- January 1918 in Petrograd. That is where started a series of events, that accompanied the decree-laws concerning the church and religion passed by the new government. Based on a wide range of sources, the article shows the beginning of anti-religious persecution the Petrograd church went through, and outline...

The topic of the Holocaust was under an unofficial ban in the USSR. It was not even mentioned in the encyclopedia "The Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945", which was published in 1985 when Perestroika started. To denote all victims of the Nazi occupation policy in the USSR, the term "peaceful Soviet citizens" was used, without specifying nationalities. Valuable information on the destruction of the Jewish population in the Nazi-occupied territory of Russia can be obtained by studying the documents of war criminal ca...

The article reveals the main stages of the development of political thought in France in the XVII century. Political thought was focused first on the approval of absolutist ideas, and then on justification of the "power" and "grandeur" of the French state. During the second half of XVI - early XVII centuries the ideological suppositions of establishing the hegemonic aspirations of the French monarchy were evolved and later were implemented in the Age of Louis XIV. In the second half of the XVI century, the politic...

The image of the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin is very popular in the world cinema. You can see Stalin in more than one hundred and thirty films. This is a record compared to other historical figures. How true is Stalin depicted in feature films? How did the trends of the times and the evaluation of society affect the process of creating his image? These questions require study and answer. All films where you can see Stalin can be divided into three categories: 1) "Comedy Stalin"; 2) "Stalin in the episodes"; 3) "St...

With the establishment of Soviet power, there have been changes not only in socio-economic development, but also in the scientific and educational complex of Siberia. In the first half of the 1920s, the academic community of physicists was able to partially realize their ideas about the establishment of a research institute that would unite the efforts of physicists in the region. The article focuses on the study of the specificities of the structure, financial position, main directions and key results of the Inst...

In the USSR, the interaction of the state security bodies and the media was carried out, in the first place, on the initiative of the KGB. Not all journalists had an opportunity to get documents of interest for their work. But when a historian or a newspaperman used in their work information unknown to a wider audience, a case evolved into a cause cГ©lГЁbre. That was an important aspect of the propaganda warfare between the Soviet Union and the West. Active cooperation between the state security bodies and the med...

The present study aims to analyse some of the main aspects of the Italian positivist culture as outlined in the correspondence between Arcangelo Ghisleri and Giulio Andrea Belloni. The relationship of mutual respect and friendship that bound the two exponents of the Italian Republican Party – the first, a geographer and journalist, always Mazzinian and federalist, was among the founders of PRI; the second, jurist and future member of Parliament, was a member of the Republican left and proponent of the thesis of ...

On November 21, 1949, as is well known, due to the approval of Resolution 289 by the UN General Assembly, Italy obtained the Trusteeship Administration of Somalia, a result that finally rewarded the efforts of the government of Rome and, in particular, of the President Alcide De Gasperi and his Minister of Foreign Affairs, the Republican Carlo Sforza. The aim of the Trusteeship was to lead – in a maximum of ten years – Somalia to independence, through a gradual and necessary economic and political emancipation...

There seems to be general agreement that the western military capabilities were more efficient than the Seljuks in the course of the marvelous victories that comprised the First Crusade. This paper focuses on the role of Kilij Arslan I on the warfare between the Seljuk Turks and the Christian forces in Asia Minor during the three main military waves of the First Crusade. Kilij Arslan was the leader of the Turkish forces against the PeopleВ’s Crusade and the first (1096-1099) and second (1100-1101) PrincesВ’ Crusad...

Although the Czech Lands (Bohemia, Moravia, Silesia) have an immense amount of accounting records preserved from the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times, historians continue to disagree about which accounting system was used. Prior research indicates that unlike in the countries of Western Europe in particular, double-entry bookkeeping was not in use in the Czech Lands in the given period of time. While some authors support, in line with the neighbouring states, the view that it was single-entry bookkeeping, others...

The history of the organisation of trips to places of Military Glory of the partisans of the Leningrad region is discussed in the article. The very first routes were paved by veterans of the partisan movement. In the 60-70-ies of the XX century the Soviet Party authorities joined in the organization of memorial tourism. For tourists (especially for the young ones) dozens of routes related to the history of the Great Patriotic War were offered. They included not only the familiarization with the places of fighting ...

A hundred years from the onset and deployment of World War I is a special occasion for an in-depth analysis of the tragedy that has been caused by it, both from the perspective of simple people and political and intellectual elites. Thus, the present text proposes an insight into what historians call microhistory, a leaning on the personal dramas of those involved, people who did not have an official position, soldiers, women, children, but also an immersion in the attitude of writers and publicists who were co-op...

This article is devoted to the problem of revealing and interpreting sources of the history of international esoteric organizations in the 20th century, using the example of the Russian Theosophical Society in China. The authors emphasize that in recent years the interest to the problem of the birth and development of the occult currents which are not related to traditional religions is growing in Russia. Last years the religious situation in Russia has changed, the freedom of religion was established in the count...

In the middle of XVIII century the Italian architect Giovanni Battista Borra travelled to Ottoman Empire with the scientific expedition in Levant organized by James Dawkins, John Bouverie and Robert Wood. Progress, knowledge and communication were the goal of the expedition. BorraВ’s task was drawing archaeological sites. The report of his scientific journey is published by Robert Wood in: The ruins of Palmyra otherwise Tedmor in the Desert (London, 1753) and The ruins of Balbec otherwise Heliopolis in Coelosyria ...

The dismissal of the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Nicolae Titulescu, which occurred on 29 August 1936, and which was based, inter alia, on a potentially dangerous approach to the USSR, with unfavorable consequences for the relationships with states such as Germany, Italy or Poland, determined a change of tone in Romania`s foreign policy. Thus, the obsessions with collective security, with France as a mentor, but also with the pacts promoted under League of Nations` patronage by the former Minister of Foreign Affai...

In this article, I discuss the category of time in light of heritage preservation. Although change is central to the conservation theory, it is also a concept that raises the greatest doubts and ambiguous interpretations. The reason for this is very simple: change is related to as foundational a concept as time. In this article, I use metaphysical time models to analyse the life course of things, their damage, and in the end I also refer to conservation theories derived from EugГЁne Viollet-le-Duc and John Ruskin....

The article deals with one of the incidents in the history of the territorial delineation of Arctic lands, which occurred in the 1920-ies and was associated with the island of Wrangel. We present the analysis of the events, which happened before the incident, including the details of the island discovery and the following various states’ representatives’ landing on it. It is noted that Russia's declaration of its ownership of Wrangel Island in 1916 did not cause protests of other countries. However, Russia bei...