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Background Knee osteoarthritis is an interaction of biological, mechanical and biochemical factors which is complicated by injury, with an accelerated pathological processes of the joint. Especially the athletes, particularly those with a history of knee injury that can lead to posttraumatic osteoarthritis, are diagnosed earlier than other people with same age. The aim of this paper was to find the most effective rehabilitation treatment for these patients to reduce pain and inflammation and improve knee joint mob...

The article is devoted to the issues of the general economic development and clustering trends within the Black Sea Region. The authors analyze and conceptualize the post-Soviet dynamics of the region for the last decades and point out the vectors that changed the balance of power among the Black Sea countries. Integrative and disintegrative trends are also analyzed, the special attention being payed to cross-border economic clustering (including cross-aquatic one). Such clustering (both existing and potential) is...

As part of the history of international relations, bilateral relations between Italy and Russia are of particular interest. Numerous studies in this field suggest certain interdependence between Russian and Italian policies over centuries. The initial part of the article is concerned with the less known historical vicissitudes of the relations. Major attention is paid to the Cold War period when the Italian Christian democrats managed, despite block policy impediments, to establish good working relations with the ...

China has a large population. With the development of China’s economy and the increase in residents’ purchasing power, the Chinese market is increasingly becoming a market that foreign companies are eager to enter. The development of China's health care products industry began in the 1980s, and has developed to a certain scale. In recent years, with the emergence of China's aging problem, the heat of China's health care products market has risen again. In the past research on the Chinese health product market, the...

Road safety is still a highly debated issue in all developed countries with automotive traffic. All groups of participants are endangered, while drivers and motorists in motor vehicles are more or less protected by the vehicle itself, cyclists and motorcyclists are partly protected by, for example, a helmet, but pedestrians are not protected at all. The pedestrian is therefore the most vulnerable road user. The article deals with the influence of the longitudinal solution of the communication on the perspective of...

The present stage of evolution processes puts forward to the social conscience a problem of determining a further way for Russian society development because today it became urgently needed to rethink the accumulated experience and relevant transformation of the country economy management system for the purpose of national sustainable development. Transition of western countries to the fourth technological mode of social relationship development requires a new society to be built that is based on principle of lega...

Competitions are a specific way how to work with gifted youth at primary, secondary schools and universities. In addition to standard school education, they represent another way of young people´s development of their knowledge, skills and abilities and contribute to finding a way for their future profession. So a teacher at each level of education is expected to know not only the potential of their students, but also the specifics of individual competitions they will participate in. Nowadays in Slovakia, competit...

The paper describes the results of the longitudinal experiment held at the department of the extracurricular education – the Further Study Training Centre – at the RUDN University, Moscow. The study was aimed at measuring the added value gained throughout the course in English as a foreign language in the context of Academic skills development. The urgency of the study derived from the growing popularity of score-based grading evaluation methods commonly implemented in Russian educational institutions and in most ...

One of the critical questions in local authorities both in Russia and in many other countries with a decentralized fiscal system, is an increasing level of financial resources concentration in central budgets that reduces the impact of municipal governments in carrying out their tasks in the local public sector. Using economic and statistical methods this study shows the dominant role of regulating revenues and the low proportion of local taxes and charges in the municipal budgets’ revenue structure. The level of ...

Strategic communication and foreign policy are fields interlacing with high intense in latest years. Reasons behind this phenomenon are technological possibilities to spread the message, and, nevertheless, foreign policy visibility via open and active international society. The same time actors and agents playing in the foreign policy field have various interests. Such effects as informational noise, disinformation, propaganda, and provocation (under circumstances of hybrid-warfare) largely puzzles global informat...

Nowadays the idea of a socially oriented economy is experiencing a stage of active development in the Russian Federation. In addition, there is a need for coordinated interaction of all economic agents to ensure economic and social efficiency of production. In this regard, this article examines the features of social responsibility of the two largest Russian companies: Gazprom and Sberbank. The activities of these companies in this area are systematic and aimed to create effective and safe jobs, ensure the social ...

Professional skepticism of auditors is considered one of the most important factors of auditing and audit quality. Auditing standards describe requirements to evaluate audit evidence with an attitude of skepticism. Professional skepticism is the crucial element which is missed when audit failures occur. This paper examines academic research related with the auditors’ skeptical judgement and decisions. The main purpose of the research is to provide conceptual description of the professional skepticism, emphasize is...

The migration of the population is one of the demographic phenomena causing quite large changes. Negative effects are felt especially in the areas of departure, where the aging tendency is clearly recorded. The Danube port towns in Romania, as a result of the political and administrative changes registered over the last 25 years, once with the transition from the centralized socialist economy to the free market economy, have recorded this phenomenon of population mobility, especially of the young population, in a ...

The article is devoted to the study of sport as a political phenomenon. Although it has traditionally been interpreted as non-political one, its political potential is clear even if a person is not interested in politics at all. Sport has long been a means of establishing national pride and a belief in a population’s physical or at least cultural superiority. For example when boxer Joe Louis avenged his earlier loss to Max Schmeling with a first-round knockout it was considered a victory for American democracy ove...

As more and more aspects of the design and manufacturing process move into the digital environment, the way that design is being taught becomes an up to date topic. The novelty of digital technologies makes the transition from the analogical environments to be seen as a natural and unavoidable event, taking into account their alleged superiority. Traditional means are perceived as being outdated, without taking into account all their strengths and weaknesses. Even though in some fields of application this particul...

The dynamic analysis of the railway bridge in Tczew was carried out in the article as an example of such bridges adaptation suitability to handle high-speed trains. Calculations of railway bridges are greatly complicated and labor-consuming. The bridge model and a rolling stock passage simulation were developed in the SOFISTIK software. Three types of elements were used for the correct mapping of the structure in the calculation model: beam element (BEAM), surface element (QUAD), truss element (TRUSS). The beam el...

The paper presents analogies of self-formations in architectural design linked to the theory of David Bohm on dialogue. Due to Bohm, dialogue offers an effective method for holistic understanding and scientific achievements emerging in an interactive participative self-formation-process. In the field of structural engineering, the scientific community uses the term self-formation in the context of “Active Bending”. This paper presents elastic bending as a creative form-finding tool for complex curved micro-archite...

The purpose of the study is to discuss dwelling, and how it affects the building structure. A building structure is the basis for creating an architectural form. One can't discuss architectural design if dwelling and the building structure are not taken into account during the design process. It is the architects who decide where the elements of construction will be placed in space, and it is these elements that create future dwelling spaces. Architecture is meant to be an apt answer to the user's need. The needs ...

The paper’s main topic focuses on the idea of deconstruction and its illustration in contemporary history museums, both in the sphere of their actual style, architecture and more elusive narrative. First, the Derridean concept of deconstruction is discussed. It constitutes the point of reference bringing about the phenomenon of the 21st century museums as artifacts whose form, space and the narrative are open to multiplicity of commentaries and interpretations. The postmodern ideas of fragmentation, lack of harmon...

This paper is devoted to the cultural heritage in the context of the possibility of its use to increase the value of economically under-invested areas of the eastern part of the Podlasie region. The paper consists of four parts. The first part contains general considerations about cultural heritage and discusses its structure. Cultural heritage is often expressed as either intangible or tangible cultural heritage. In the second part of this paper, the research area is described and the cultural heritage of this ar...

Education law governing the school system in Slovakia follows the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED). In both theoretical and practical teaching, students acquire the required competencies, knowledge and skills. Teaching is done in compliance with applicable legislation approved in education curricula. Schools should provide pupils with the basic professional knowledge applicable in practice. The tools to reach the educational objective are also the emotions and experiences students can use...

The present paper focuses on intervention methods aimed at children with behavioural disorders in the first stage of elementary school in the Czech Republic (EU). This was achieved by a qualitative approach, which uses the methods of observation and interview to analyse whether cooperation between the school, educational and psychological counselling centre and parents supports the inclusion of children in the first stage of elementary school with behavioural disorders. The objective of the paper was to identify a...

The article deals with the influence of the special intervention exercise programme focused on specific physical activities among hearing-impaired young people. In terms of methodology, an experiment with a single experimental group was selected as the basic empirical procedure. The key experimental factor was the specific physical used to collect data was a survey aiming to determine participants’ interest administered at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. The hypothesis, which assumed that in result...

Space law is a branch of international law, and the five major treaties that oblige States to implement space law in their national legal order have many stipulations. Most states have now initiated Acts which regulate space laws, space strategies and space policies. The UN countries can be divided into three groups; states that fully implemented international space law in their domestic legislation, states that partly implemented these norms and those who have not legislated space law or this legislation is other...

This article is devoted to the peculiarities of teaching microsocial studies of students and PhD students in universities. The authors substantiate the difference between microsocial research and sociological research, placing emphasis on the need to study first as much as the latter. The fact is that the problems of a small sample and a deviation from a normal distribution can be solved by using nonparametric statistics, qualitative methods, big data, web 3.0 and case-study strategies. This article details the fe...

The theoretical foundations and the basis of the comparative research are based on empirically substantiated theories and research outcomes in the area of manipulative cover-up techniques in the interaction/ communication of individuals. They are a result of research on the position of evaluations in expressive therapies (especially feedback and self-exploration as part of so-called specific effective factors) and the role-system of the Russian structuralist Vladimir Yakovlevich Propp (the author of arguably the m...

When it comes to thinking about fostering creativity in the educational context, one often focuses on the role of the teacher, the support of the principal, parents' willingness to cooperate, material availability, student motivation, and the content that needs to be presented to the students. We rarely think globally, putting the society (and its values) into the focus of the research that directly influences the (non)creation of preconditions for the promotion of creativity. The democracy of society is reflected...

Context. Nowadays an increasing number of students are heading to professional sports; at the same time, many students are not engaged in leisure physical activities, which is a serious alarm signal for the health of young populations and for sports. The aim of this study is to determine the bio-motric potential of secondary school students, rural and urban residents, on the assumption that Body Mass Index (BMI) is an indicator of health and it can also indicate the possibility that subjects with healthy weight ac...

Companies are increasingly implementing new performance measurement systems to track non-financial measures such as customer and employee satisfaction, quality, market share, productivity, and innovation. According to the existing theoretical literature, non-financial performance measures provide managers with incentives to improve long-term financial performance and, on the other hand, financial performance measures provide managers with incentives to improve short-term financial performance. This study examines ...

This research aims to mirror how the Renaissance musical life was manifested in Brasov-B?rsa Land, a specific area of Transylvania that has demonstrated its European vocation, from the old to the present day. Although Brasov and B?rsa Land didn`t play a major role during the Renaissance, the importance and the increasing amplitude gained by music leads to the development of certain music schools, centres, of special significance in the history of Transylvanian artistic culture. In Brasov, during the Principality o...

The article has a theoretical character and its aim is to classify and systematize the determinants of enterprise's fundamental strength, understood as enterprise's potential to create and protect its intrinsic value. In accomplishing this goal, a critical analysis of the literature was carried out both in the context of available solutions in the investigated area, as well as the possibility of assessing enterprise's fundamental strength based on generally available information, mainly periodic reports published ...

In this paper authors present the assessment of ecological well-being in large Russian cities, situated in the Volga Federal District. Comparative analysis is made for five cities of the Volga Federal District of the Russian Federation for the period 2008-2015, based on data published annually by the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation, namely the statistical yearbooks “Regions of Russia. Main socio-economic indicators of cities”. To assess the ecological well-being of inhabitants, stati...

The article deals with a study focused on the production of products with an emphasis on the use of environmentally friendly and recycled materials. Eco-design and the environmentally friendly product lifecycle are being increasingly taken into account and given greater emphasis considering the limited raw material resources of the planet. The properties that must be met by newly selected material were determined by the material analysis of selected products and their components. It was not just for the sake of ex...

The interest of linguistics in studying linguistic personality has significantly grown. This phenomenon is special because, in our opinion, under the conditions of global communication and free access to information, human abilities rapidly expanded and there is an obvious growth of individual evolution. The bearer of linguistic consciousness is a linguistic personality, i.e. human who exists in a language environment – communication, stereotypes of behaviour that are registered in language, meanings of linguistic...

Due to the existing disproportions in the current ecological and economic condition of the territories within the Arctic zone, high supply of natural resources in the continental and off-shore Arctic areas, ecological fragility of Arctic ecosystems, as well as the need to respect the rights of indigenous peoples, it is necessary to implement differentiated approach when selecting scenarios for strategic development and management. This study examines the economic and mathematical models for the development of the ...

When it comes to the political parties in the Republic of Macedonia, there is a general perception that they have a lacking of internal democracy. One might argue that too much authority is provided to the leader of the party as well as to the limited oligarchy of people surrounding him. Although in certain cases this perception is not in accordance with official party documents, the very fact that party leaderships rarely change in the Republic of Macedonia might be used as an additional argument by those who bel...

The article deals with the issues of overcoming ‘dialogue gaps’ risks in non- linear cultural environment. Superfast transformations in different life spheres during transition periods to a new cultural and civilizational development type are caused by scientific and technological innovations, changes in cultural environment and interaction forms complication between individuals, social groups and communities of different cultures generating communicative risks and form expansion of socio-cultural regulators. The ...

The influence of media, in particular computer and Internet, has increased over the last several decades. They play now a significant role in everyone's life, independent of his or her age. The overwhelming influence of computer on the development of next generations is visible while observing behaviors of young people and listening to their talks. Computer and Internet have started to attract attention of the young users and, developing very dynamically, have forced their way into almost all fields of everyday li...

This paper describes some basic characteristics of the social policies for the elderly people in four countries, namely Russia, Italy, Finland and the UK. Maian focus is at the analysis of neo-liberal policies impacts on welfare policies: covering a conceptual analysis of some issues as eligibility and risk, transforming models of the social policy and its institutional setups. Modern research agenda includes theorizing, analysis and evaluation of welfare institutions, organizations and policies along with the way...

The article discusses the development of attention in hearing-impaired adolescents using a special exercise programme. The objective of the research was to influence hearing-impaired adolescents’ attention by means of specific sports or an exercise programme. From the methodological point of view, a basic empirical approach using a simple experiment was applied. The exercise programme consisting of self-defence basics and psychomotor exercise was the main experimental factor. Attention testing [5] was used to dete...

The contribution is connected with the previous research realized between the years 2016 and 2017 with the group of seniors who are in danger of cognitive disorders. In this previous research basic communicative categories were set apart in order to establish and develop an interaction with clients. The aim of a following survey was to furher analyse individual manifestations of verbal and non-verbal communication and on the basis of ascertained findings to create functional models that would be helpful to workers...

The key finding of the previous research is the fact that protests are a result of a multifactorial negative impact of socio-economic factors on an individual and group consciousness of citizens. Thus, effective counteracting protest activity assumes managing and administrating social and economic processes in order to neglect threats and overcome negative consequences of crisis in society and economy. The research reveals methodology of counteracting protest activity on the basis of cognitive maps which is an eff...

The dental impression plays a very important role during the clinical and technical stages of prosthetic restoration. Impressing the prosthetic field can cause errors in producing the prosthetic item. The dental impression represents the negative copy of the prosthetic field that will generate the positive copy, respectively the working model/cast. If the assessor, the dentist and / or the dental technician, cannot notice these errors in a timely manner, the prosthetic piece is intended for failure. The objectives...

Traffic accidents and their elimination are a very current topic in today's century. Besides the human factor, design elements in the area of the roads are also affected by this problem. The article deals with the analysis of design elements in the vicinity of the roads and their impact on the occurrence of traffic accidents. Design elements, especially elements of the transport infrastructure - materials and surface, trees and vegetation, outdoor lighting, street furniture, objects and facilities for services, ob...

The economic pressure on the forestry fund is one of the greatest challenges of contemporary society, generating major imbalances both in the natural components of the territorial systems and in the anthropic ones. In order to quantify the evolution of the complexity of the phenomenon analysed, we have chosen for our research two methods of textural fractal analysis to determine which of the two is more relevant to the study. Textural fractal analysis is an analysis that no longer requires binarization, maintainin...

For over two decades we work under increasingly changing conditions. These changes are mostly the result of globalization, deregulation of labor markets and increasing competition. Among these changes we should name above all the growth of insecure employment. In the context of downsizing and more temporary or short term contract work, many employees may consider their jobs insecure. According to results of many investigations job insecurity influences negatively attitudes towards the job and the organization, as ...

The celebration of the Holy Easter is in the center of the Christian cult, in the middle of the church year (from this holiday many others depends on), it is in the center of Christianity but, sadly, the date of this celebration is still under the sign of uncertainty, of division...We want a united Europe, we often talk about globalization, about a "single state", we are voting for constitutions of the European Union, we want to lead according to the same economic and social principles and desiderata, but the Chri...

At present, in institutions and organizations, we can see increasing demands on the ability to cooperate and link the individual components of these organizations more closely, which requires leaders to use new leadership strategies. Even traditional complex hierarchical organizations such as the army and the police must adopt new leadership and management practices in the times of rapid technology and social change, and introduce procedures that focus on sharing power and promoting co-operation. One such strategy...

The article analyzes one of the genres of professional-network medical discourse – the official medical site. It is shown that this genre is characterized by intensive borrowings, hybridization of colloquial components, functional styles and semiotic systems modeling multifunctionality and multimodality of network medical discourse. The article states that the study of the Internet language, including the linguistic features of corporate sites, provides important information about oral, written and electronic spee...

The article presents the results of the theoretical analysis of development and empirical research. Objective: Identification of patterns of socio-cultural partnership in the prevention of children’s ill-being on the basis of theoretical analysis and empirical research. Methods: theoretical analysis (comparative-correlative); generalization of the experience of socio-pedagogical and socio-cultural practice; diagnostic methods (testing, questionnaire survey); methods of mathematical statistics (Student’s t-test). F...