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The word security is nowadays a very inflected term. Security is addressed not only on a global level, but also on a regional level and, last but not least, on an individual level. This term is applied in all areas of our lives. Nowadays, up to fifty security types are defined. Each kind of security has its specifics. Security against intentional threats requires forceful action and sustained readiness. Insecurity against unexpected threats, an emphasis is placed on checking the status and conditions, adherence to...

The main goal of our article is to present partial results of a qualitative study aimed at identifying health literacy of a group of citizens of the South Bohemian Region living below poverty line. Another goal consists in describing the relation of health literacy of the poor with selected socio-demographic variables. The partial results are presented not only in the context of health care but also in the context of health and social care. Health literacy is influenced by many factors, both at individual level an...

In economy based on knowledge, a combination of employeesВ’ skills and experience as well as their engagement in the process of acquiring competences, is not only a factor that shapes the organizational culture but the one which allows for confirming the effectiveness of entrusted tasksВ’ completion and group work management. Human resources management is an activity which increases both the quality and efficiency of work. It enables increasing the effectiveness of an enterprise and, in consequence, gaining compet...

Health education has been part of lower secondary education in the Czech Republic for a decade. It is included in the Framework educational programme for elementary education under the educational are Man and health. The purpose of Health education is to promote an active and responsible approach to health, shape adequate lifestyle habits, develop studentsВ’ health literacy, and take a formative role in the prevention of risk behaviour. The objective of the research study entitled В‘Health education from the persp...

Digital games are among the fast-growing market segment. It is a contemporary phenomenon of entertainment, relaxation, but also of competition, business and, last but not least, it would be inappropriate to omit the educational function of games. Therefore, it is extremely important for academics to pay attention to various aspects and to try not only to describe but also to clarify the causality of individual aspects of the games. This is precisely why the contribution is devoted to selected elements that include...

Approximately from the beginning of the 21st Century China has changed its approach towards UN peacekeeping missions, and has become more active, especially in Africa. This process has been accompanied by sharp rise of Sino-African trade. These two parallel processes created the need or better to say a suitable environment for establishment of the first permanent Chinese military base on African soil. The need for this base has been further increased by Chinese experience from operation of evacuation of Chinese ci...

Background: The aim of this article is to discuss selected concepts of establishing and transforming business models and then to present the business model transformed with their use for a selected sector. Method: Selected methods of linear and algorithmic designing used in the process of organization creation and strategic plans establishment were analyzed. They were referred to the specific economic sector, covering both the tourist services and health resort treatment in health resorts. Results: To illustrate t...

Background: The number of foreigners living in the Czech Republic amounts to about 4-5% of the population (i.e. 493 000 persons by 31. 12. 2016, Czech Statistical Office, 2018). The largest numbers consist of persons from Poland, Ukraine, Vietnam, Slovakia, Germany and Russia. The generation of immigrants above 50 years of age is an interesting and diverse group of persons who are often perceived as seniors and face ageism in different areas of life. The generation of foreigners of that age constitutes a group of ...

This paper deals with the topic of selected social determinants and their influence on the choice of leisure-time activities. Our intention is to present the results of own research which was carried out in the form of a questionnaire survey in 2016. One of its main objectives was to find out whether the selected social determinants (gender, age, education, fathers and mothers education and employment status) have the influence on choice of leisure-time activities within different types of social groups. For this ...

The paper deals with selected aspects of educational differences in physical training methods employed in the training process of hearing-impaired pupils. Training methodology issues related to the physical training process in pupils with hearing impairment are hereby addressed. A number of specific model situations pertaining to the didactic process in physical education are presented, including examples and recommendations for practice. The problem areas related to motor skills training in hearing-impaired stude...

In most cases the uncertainty of future business development makes it hard for an investor to opt for the one of many enterprises to invest. In conditions of uncertainty it is recommended to invest in companies with a good reputation, since such investments are regarded as less risky. In such a situation the attention is increasingly turned to the companies which meet the consumersВ’ needs: trade, food production, construction. It is known that the value of business is considered to be the main indicator of the co...

Background: At the moment Internet technologies play a virtually primary role. The global network opens up a new social reality - a virtual space that becomes a platform for experiments with our self image. The Internet as a part of everyday activities contains a range of opportunities for personal development, but nature of human transformations depends on the choice of the Internet - activity, on conditions of this activity and, of course, on psychological characteristics of users. The study of the peculiarities...

The article deals with the influence of the special intervention exercise programme focused on specific physical activities among hearing-impaired young people. In terms of methodology, an experiment with a single experimental group was selected as the basic empirical procedure. The key experimental factor was the specific physical used to collect data was a survey aiming to determine participantsВ’ interest administered at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. The hypothesis, which assumed that in resul...

Persons with disabilities, constituting one of the largest minorities in the world, experience a difficult situation on the labour market and are particularly vulnerable to marginalization resulting from unemployment. In Poland, similarly to other countries, persons with disabilities are characterized by the significantly low activity on the labour market. They are more frequently unemployed and less often take up work comparing to people without disabilities. The survey and the subject literature review carried o...

The paper presents analogies of self-formations in architectural design linked to the theory of David Bohm on dialogue. Due to Bohm, dialogue offers an effective method for holistic understanding and scientific achievements emerging in an interactive participative self-formation-process. In the field of structural engineering, the scientific community uses the term self-formation in the context of “Active Bending”. This paper presents elastic bending as a creative form-finding tool for complex curved micro-arc...

The paper observes a psychological phenomenon called “self- identification” of a human being connected to the characteristics of a personality: life senses and self-management ability. Self- identification is interpreted as an indicator of a person’s own activity and guided by self-management and meaningful life. This ability is available in a desire to choose, follow one’s own way of living and meet external challenges flexibly, while keeping maintaining a tendency to self-development. The combined value-me...

In recent times, in the context of the contemporary anthropocentric linguistics, when the study of the pragmatic aspect of the language system functioning becomes particularly relevant, many linguists turned to an issue of particles that are the universal explicators of the semantic and pragmatic meanings (refer to works of A. Wierzbicka, T.M. Nikolaeva, I.M. Boguslavskiy and others). Despite very active and rather fruitful studying of particles, that for a long time had remained on the periphery of research inter...

In the therapeutic use of modelling from clay, effective factors of multisensory therapeutic approaches overlap with the principles and processes of art therapy. Clay as a medium offers various sensory stimuli, including dispersed touch, temperature and smell. These inputs may serve as triggers for memories or emotional associations and as means of change. Art therapy can intentionally work with the sensory qualities of the material realizing their potential in art-therapeutic creation. This qualitative study expl...

Water, as one of the fundamental elements of nature, has been used to decorate the spaces of cities since ancient times. Water features refer to associations with nature, thanks to which they elicit positive experiences among the users of urban space, as well as a feeling of relaxation and a pleasant sensation of being in contact with nature. The article presents the process of the influence of water features within urban space on the human senses and on the possibilities of producing specific sensory and emotiona...

The diversity of learning styles and sensory preferences of students should be reflected in the teaching and learning processes using student-centred methods, such as Universal Design for Learning (UDL) to achieve an active and effective education. The UDL method has been tested and implemented at the Faculty of Architecture, the Slovak University of Technology (STU) in Bratislava, mainly within the subject Universal Design (UD) during the winter semester in 2017. The aim of our research was: (1) to verify the pre...

The paper deals with the linguistic peculiarities of sentiment analysis of documents in Arabic. Automatic definition of emotive component in a large corpus is highly relevant today. At the same time, the theory of emotions in linguistics has not been sufficiently developed yet, therefore there is an urgent need to improve the computer methods of sentiment analysis for carrying out sociolinguistic research. In the framework of this study, we try to determine the patterns inherent in the Arabic language, which must ...

Sentiment analysis for the French language remains an under-developed research area. At the same time, sentiment analysis works well for identifying conflictual discourses in English. Today, identifying sentiment in social networks and microblogs, including Twitter, is a growing area of studies, but despite French is one of the most popular post-colonial languages online, the studies of user sentiment in this language are still rare enough. Also, there are practically no studies that would link sentiment analysis ...

System comprise Elements, relationships, and purposes. Precisely because of the complexity of the system, when we solve complex problems, if we use simple thinking, the result will not be satisfactory. Therefore, systematic thinking is a better way of solving complex problems. As Stefan Moritz said, “Service Design is not a new specialist design discipline. It is a new multi-disciplinary platform of expertise”, service design is a complex platform. In order to create a systematic concept or service, the servic...

The subject of the research relates to how the shame is developed in view of the human species, personВ’s socialization and the differentiation from other animals. Its purpose is also to identify the role of shame in the course of forming a personВ’s cultural system in the context of ontogenesis. Various definitions of shame are given and its distinction from fear and guilt is clarified. In addition, we discuss the origins of shame, the types of shame and the means to overcome it. We point out, that the early form...

Alberto Burri is an Italian artist who worked in the post-war period; his works belong to the current called "arte informale", that is, contrary to any form. His artistic research ranges from painting to sculpture, where he always focused on the expressiveness of materials, while making his works with common materials. His career initially developed as works in separate series, where each series used a different material. This is precisely the great strength of Burri's work, as each material becomes itself the mai...

Examples of therapeutic space can be traced back hundreds of years ago. In ancient times, sacred groves, hills or caves with healing springs were used for therapeutic functions, while the medieval monastery gardens served as a kind of pharmaceutical facilities, which constituted a kind of therapeutic contemplative gardens. In the 19th century, there was a dynamic development of spa towns, whose specificity influenced the formation of characteristic elements of a public space (such as spa parks, concert shells and ...

The degree of satisfying the mobility needs acts as a determinant of the quality of life in the city. Simultaneously, urban transport is a source of numerous nuisances and threats due to excessive growth of motorization. The development of pedestrian traffic, on the other hand, is a solution to many problems faced by large cities. In this context, it is worth asking a following question: How should urban spaces that encourage pedestrian traffic be planned and shaped? The comfort of pedestrian traffic does not depe...

Online education has become a widespread phenomenon, the dynamic development of which contributes to global educated community formation. The paper reviews changes in educational paradigm that took place in the last decades. These changes concern role of online learning in the present-day society and technologies used for its implementation. Online language learning requires special methodological and technological solutions. The concept of online learning for the Arabic language is fundamentally different from th...

This paper discusses the negative impact of shadow economy on Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Tourism Industry, where SMEs constitute 98 percent of the national economy. Our findings indicate that shadow economy widens the gap between SMEs and large enterprises, and presents the biggest obstacle for the development of SMEs. Moreover, our research confirms that the shadow economy has the potential of destroying national economies in smaller countries, like Greece. Our research was based on a questionnaire su...

Foreign Exchange Act of 27 July 2002 with numerous executive acts constitutes the system of Polish exchange law. Along with the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and The Act on the National Bank of Poland it delineates a particular position of the National Bank of Poland. The research purpose of the present paper is the analysis of those legal regulations which indicate the role and responsibilities of the National Bank of Poland in the sphere of foreign exchange. Pursuant to Art. 52 of The Act on the Nationa...

Old age is associated with a number of significant losses, the loss of spouse being regarded as the most important. Seniors respond to the death of their life partners in various ways. Even though the grieving process is a highly individual matter and the manifestations of grief are multi-determined, in accordance with the existing knowledge, it is possible to postulate a hypothesis that siblinghood in old age may be an important salutoprotective factor and a source of natural (informal) social support for widowed...

Current marketing communication has to respond flexibly to the needs of customers who create the demand side of the market. The side of the market supply is created by enterprises which trying to provide customers with the highest value in the form of the products or services. Customers are endeavouring to maximise their utility and enterprises are striving to maximise their profit. In the current business climate, marketers have to differentiate their attitude depending on the customer. The study deals with the r...

Like the European Union, the Slovak Republic is also experiencing rapid aging of population, which is caused mainly by an increase in the expected life expectancy combined with a low birth rate. In general, the negative impacts of population aging on public finances of the state are analysed. Less attention is paid to the impact of aging on national economy in terms of volume changes and the structure of supply and demand for products and services. The concept of silver economy can be defined as the potential repr...

In the last decade much attention is paid to a problem of sleep disorders at young age. The dream is one of the most important aspects of human activity. Research objective: to reveal the factors promoting a sleep disorder and to compare a sleep disorder of the students studying at different faculties of the University. 50 respondents (18 young men and 32 girls) of students Medical (27 people) and Financial-economic (23 persons) the Institutes studying at the 1 on 5 courses, mainly at the fourth year have taken pa...

Online journalism has become a significant kind of journalistic work quite quickly – media producers as well as recipients of journalistic products have had relatively little time to accept this new situation on the media market. The last three decades have shown that the typology of newspaper reading (and reading as such) is changing dynamically, as well as the attitude of the readers towards the written word – undoubtedly under the influence of rapid development of information technologies or rather as a res...

The city itself is a multifunctional and complex object that can be represented as a demographic, ecological, transport, administrative-territorial and industrial production system. Unlike a conventional city, the smart city actually means a "digital" city - a concept that has so far no unambiguous definition. Experts' opinions, however, unite in the fact that a smart city should not be perceived in the narrow sense as a city packed with technology. The technologies in this case are rather a means of achieving a c...

Smart cities are a relatively new phenomenon that requires careful study. A particularly interesting and complex issue is the question of the prospects for the development of smart cities in the far north and in the Arctic zone. Arctic and northern territories have a number of features, such as the focal (localized) nature of economic activity, the uneven distribution of people, the concentration of the population in cities, the low population density, harsh climatic conditions, low transport accessibility, underd...

Development of the digital economy and information technology requires the development of an effective urban space management system. In this regard, the Russian state has adopted a strategy for the development of the concept of Smart City. In the process of modernization of Russian energy and transport industries and Civil Engineering industry, new ways of the territorial energy efficiency improvement are relevant. The selected topic of the article is considered very relevant. The authors of the article on the ba...

The purpose of the study is to design a results-based management system aimed at the smart education efficiency improving, as well as improving the structure, tools and methods of management in smart integrated environment for the continuous development of the competences of participants during the educational process. The basis of the research is the main provisions of the strategic management theory, the methodology of a balanced system of indicators with a projection on a non-profit organization, fuzzy modeling...

The article shows how regional smart specializations that are currently the most important tool of European innovation policy may be perceived, and if effective, should constitute innovative ecosystems. The article presents the concepts of smart specializations and innovative ecosystems. The concept of innovative ecosystems is presented from the perspective of its foundation and relations to other concepts and theories. Cooperation in innovation process by varied actors is considered the major feature of both smar...

Background: Smoking during pregnancy is the leading cause of prenatal morbidity. Women who smoke during pregnancy do not only increase the risks to develop serious adverse health events but also put their child at considerable risk. The purpose of this study was to assess the demographic factors and to evaluate smoking behavior in a group of pregnant women, contributing to the existing literature in order to improve maternal and child health care. Methods: A questionnaire conceived by a pulmonologist that assessed...

Solidarity is a natural social requirement and represents the link that binds human beings together in mutually supportive relationships. Sometimes this link can break and people find themselves destitute, in difficulty, in loneliness, illness, rupture. To meet these needs, people are involved in charitable organizations, religious or not. Those people and organizations committed to the defense of human rights, for development and against poverty, for justice and peace, work for a culture of life. Christians certa...

The article deals with issues related to the charitable activities of zemstvos on the example of the Vladimir zemstvo in the second half of the XIX – the beginning of the XX century. The zemstvo budget is analyzed in terms of its revenue and expenditure: sources, amounts, revenue dynamics, directions and expenditures, and sources for covering the budget deficit of the Vladimir zemstvo. The description of the financial security of social institutions, whose activities were controlled by the Vladimir zemstvo is gi...

The article studies the different aspects of the personВ’s integration into culture and the society. Namely there is a characteristic of the Internet society represented by some leisure groups or clubs united by the shared interests that contribute to the integration of the personality into the leisure space. There are given the pedagogical possibilities of Internet communities as a communicative-integration space of Internet. The author shares the view that the Internet communities function according to the commu...

The intensity and scale of socio-political and socio-psychological changes taking place today in modern society imposes special requirements on the psychological resources of a person as a subject of life. In conditions of high uncertainty, rising social tensions and globalization, there is a growing need to master the ways of organizing your life taking into account the time indicators. Modern production methods often require self-organizing in time specialists, who are able to respond adequately to changing cond...

The purpose of this study is to explore the coping with disease in adolescents with type 1 diabetes in its complexity – from the viewpoint of emotional distress, perception of the disease, and equally that of preferred coping strategies in the context of differing levels of metabolic compensation. Set of questionnaires consisting of Big Five Inventory (BFI), Brief-Cope, Problem Areas in Diabetes Questionnaire (PAID), Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ) and Diabetes Adolescent Problem Solving Questionna...

In the face of evolutions in Polish railway, and of its division as well as complex problems the localities which serviced busy railway traffic lost their importance. The former junctions, handling stations and railway settlements, presently are subject to uncontrolled changes and natural destruction. It also happened in the case of I?owo-Osada (Poland) .In the 19th century, this settlement thanks to the railway line was blooming, but at present forgotten and neglected experiences stagnation.As the railway is bein...

It is widely recognized that Social Capital and Social Support are phenomena influencing start-up creation, development and business success or failure. Trying to develop startup means to experience high levels uncertainty and it is essential to understand the possibilities to reduce the levels of uncertainty in the way the startup developer will perceive that. The research task is to find the forms of social capital and sources of social support the startup owners perceive the best. The aim of research is to inve...

The aim of the article is to clarify the relationship between the social capital and the efficiency of the public organizations. The social capital is an important intangible asset. Whether it is properly used, it can contribute to the development of an individual, an organization or the society. The study was conducted in 15 hospitals on a group of 576 respondents. The hospitalsВ’ efficiency was assessed in three areas: 1) The focus on the patients and their needs (ranking method), 2) The evaluation of the offere...

The scope of the study was to identify social factors influencing significant transformations of the landscape in south-eastern Poland, with particular emphasis on the rural areas of the Podkarpackie Province. The research methodology included quantitative social research (CAPI) performed in selected villages regarding the perception of tall trees in the immediate neighbourhood of respondents' residence site (house, street). An archival query on cartographic and iconographic materials of selected settlements enabl...