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THE DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF PCQ - PARENTAL COMPETENCE QUESTIONNAIRE

Maria-Simona Glaveanu

Abstract

The parental competence was defined as an assembly of knowledge, capabilities and skills supported by specific personality traits that allow the parent to fulfil his parental responsibilities, to prevent and to overcome crises in favour of the child and thus to achieve the objective of educational activities [1]. This study presents the steps taken in developing and validating the Parental Competence Questionnaire in relation to parents having children aged 6 to 11, which started from empirical and qualitative studies and the concepts of authors [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]. The first form of the PCQ appeared in 2008 with 5 scales identified through exploratory factorial analysis: knowing the child, emotional support and stress management, disciplining, time management, and crises management. The questionnaire was revised in 2012, 2015 and 2018; in 2018 it was applied on 1785 subjects through a partnership with specialists from public schools and from the Philosophy and Psychology Institute of the Romanian Academy, ending with 73 items - those with item endorsement index between 0.3 and 0.7, the discrimination index between 0.2 and 0.6, communality between 0.5 and 0.66 and saturation over 0.4. The reliability was indicated by the Cronbach-alpha values for each dimension (0.85 to 0.89). The questionnaire has both scale-related standards and a general one, and three levels of the parental competence are identified. The content and construct validity were determined by analysing and integrating in the redesigned items concepts from the existing literature, using the results of previous studies, using the item analysis and also the Delphi method (21 experts analysed the relevance of the items for the investigated construct). The Pearson correlation coefficients (between 0.6 and 0.81 - level 0.01 bilateral) between the results to the PCQ and PAQ-Parental Authority Questionnaire [7] indicated the concurrent validity of the PCQ. To conclude, the PCQ presents statistically significant psychometric qualities to be used in Romania; in the future, a further validation of the questionnaire will be done by collaborating with specialists from other countries.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2018/3.2/S11.059

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