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Education is not just simple information acquisition. It represents a set of knowledge, skills, habits, cognitive abilities, interests, attitudes and values of a person. Nowadays especially issues relating to humanization of the educational process rise to prominence. Humanism puts emphasis on the overall dignity and value of human beings and their ability of self-realization. The basic condition of humanisation in education is a new defining of teacher-student relations. A teacher is expected to be humanistic and...

Background The purpose of our study was to evaluate the electromyography activity at different categories of athletes (handball players, volleyball players, fencers), to compare the obtained results and to identify possible characteristic electromyography patterns, correlated to athletes specific physical activity, thus emphasizing the differences between the studied sportive activities. Methods The studied group was formed of 27 male athletes, 9 fencers, 9 handball players and 9 volleyball sportsmen, active for a...

This study aimed the construction of an elaborated inventory regarding the tendency for Narcissistic aspects of the personality, designed for the organizational purposes. The need for these inventories is emphasized by recent studies showing the increase of the number of negative consequences of Narcissistic dimension on subordinates. We used a multi-step approach: documentation (DSM 5, personality disorders papers and books, papers regarding the Narcissistic behavior in organizations and its effect etc), the cons...

One of urgent problems on the way to society humanization is the society tolerance to various groups of population. The article deals with the point of the school community tolerance towards the children with disabilities. The authors carried out the sociological research in the school community of Krasnoyarsk. The research purpose was to identify the school community attitude to the joint teaching of the ordinary children and children with disabilities. The research was done by on-line questioning as well as inte...

The difficulties in life connected with upbringing of a child with special needs lead to high level of distress for parents. Mainly negative influence of the child’s disease upon intrafamilial and extrafamilial functioning, psychological well-being of parents define the necessity of regular help for such people. Aims of rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT) correspond to psychological problems of relatives of children with special needs. As few sources show, REBT has a significant potential in assisting parents...

Background: Oral health is an important and integrated part of the general health. On the other hand, oral health related quality of life (OHRQOL) has become a significant research field in the last decade. Different oral – dental diseases affect OHRQOL. The aim of this study is to evaluate the orthodontic treatment need in children aged 9-12 years living in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve Romania and to identify it’s potential influence on OHRQOL. Methods: This study had a cross-sectional design and was conduc...

The study deals with the problem of the assessment of the living situation in vulnerable families with children within the system of social-legal protection of children in the current conditions of Slovakia. The basic starting position is to answer the question of how to assess such vulnerable family and at the same time protect minors from the negative impacts of existing threats and their consequences. It is with an emphasis on how to deal with the dilemma of maintaining the autonomy of the family while ensuring...

Recently, due to the widespread occurrence of the manipulations in the public life and interpersonal relationships as well, the study of the effect of the persons manipulative tendencies on his relationships in the group is of great current interest. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship satisfaction in the group of subjects who are prone to manipulations. The methods of the study were survey, sociometry method, conversation, observation. The study involved 85 people, members of 4 groups. The st...

In children, adolescents and young adults can be observed vicious body attitudes characterized by increased the physiological curvature of the spine (kyphosis, lordosis) or by the appearance of abnormal curvatures (scoliosis). These asymmetries are accompanied by abnormal curvature of the girdles (shoulder, hip), neck, chest or abdomen. PURPOSE: To establish the frequency of global attitudes deficiencies in elementary school children to provide information to parents and teachers about the postural abnormalities a...

This work has revealed dates about cytotoxic potential of benzoic acid (E210), citric acid (E330) and sodium phosphate (E339) currently used as pharmaceutical or food additive. The testing was made in experimental conditions with nauplius larvae of Artemia sp., brine shrimp biotester method. The Artemia salina bioassay was chosen because it is versatile, viable, fast and low cost screening assay. Furthermore, there is a good correlation between the in vivo and the in vitro tests, and this method is a useful tool f...

The paper presents an experimental research of two functional subsystems which emerge in the process of bilingual lexicon formation: the mixed (L1+L2) subsystem and the monolingual L2 subsystem. The functions of both subsystems and their structural- dynamic properties are discussed.

Context: There are many scientific articles and studies, both at national and international level, analyzing the adolescents smoking behavior and its influencing factors. One could find much information from these studies about the adolescents smoking habits and about different prevention methods. The present article originality – at least in Romanian context – consists in two new dimensions: one is to analyse not only the smoking behavior of the adolescents, but also their exposure to second hand smoking (SHS). T...

The paper deals with structure variability of the interconnected values “country”, “ethnos”, “religion”, and relations between them in bilingual consciousness depending on the language of value representation. The research material is informants’ reactions in directed chain associative test. The test was carried out with bilinguals (Komi-Permyaks and Bashkirs; for each group the test was run in two languages). Qualitative and quantitative features of the semantic word groups, representing the values under study we...

The paper describes the main trends in leadership development based on changing world environment. There are summarized trends of world development that will be projected into the new needs of leadership development, so that the future leaders will be able to lead companies sustainable successfully. The main challenges for the future are globalization, development of technologies, especially IT, innovation and flexibility, turbulent environment and demographical changes. Globalization brings new approach to the ma...

Carpal tunnel syndrome presenting as symptoms of the patients is mainly expressed as pain and paresthesia. It is an emerging issue to be considered regarding occupational health and job diseases. All we know form medicine, the first three fingers pain and numbness are the most common symptom of the Carpal Tunnel Syndrome that are caused by the increased pressure within carpal tunnel. In medical literature, there are many researches about carpal tunnel syndrome. In this research our aim is not to consider the theor...

Individual socialization is a lifelong process determined by many factors. Among the social factors that affect individual people in particular are social groups with which a person comes into contact. The most important social group to influence individual’s development, however, is the family. Functioning family environment has in the process of socialization of the individual irreplaceable importance. During socialization one becomes a cultural and social being who acts according to recognized rules directed th...

The text deals with mutual relationship of the language and culture; with the influence of culture on the language and structure of its discourse in cases when Arabic is the target language and English is the language of teaching and communication in the class. It starts with a brief explanation of the main notions (language, culture); points at the differences between individualistic and collectivist cultures and their impact on the language. These differences can be observed in discrepancies that appear when we ...

The aim was to explore gender differences in cyber-violence in high school samples from a small town. Research was conducted on two samples of second grade students (N1=249 school year 2011/2012, N2=339 school year 2012/2013). Cyber Victim and Bullying Scale (CVBS) was used. Prevalence of internet violence in first sample was 24.9% (experiencing) and 27.7% (committing) and in second sample was 17.7% (experiencing) and 16.5% (committing). Decrease is probably the result of some preventive actions, but the numbers a...

The main goal of our research was to evaluate the need of elderly computer users for special training on cybersecurity. The article highlights the results of our study which deals with the elderly and their information practices. We used 268 questionnaires from Russia, Belarus, Lithuania, Denmark and Sweden. Only members of social organiza tions were included in the sample. It was important to find out whether pensioners use the Internet and what for. It turned out that the spectrum of used features is quite narro...

Objective: To contribute to widen the knowledge of the influence of determinants (age, education) on the women?s approach and attitude towards breast cancer prevention and simultaneously to map the knowledge and awareness of women about breast cancer prevention. Method: The research was conducted during the period of September 2012 - February 2013 in the Usti nad Labem region. The random selection of 282 respondents was stratified by gender (female) and age (20-65 years). Respondents were divided into the number o...

At least in the adult population, it is well known that certain cognitive styles constitute vulnerability factors for specific emotional disorders. A preference asymmetry towards negative stimuli is common to both mood and anxiety disorders. For the purpose of understanding how this pervasive asymmetry towards negative features of stimuli influences emotional development the most promising area to examine is how emotions develop typically or become problematic during adolescence according to cognitive particularit...

Introduction: There is a justified reason to be grieving in women diagnosed with perinatal loss. When the fact is not accepted, deep pain occurs and psychopathological symptomatology can be developed instead. The goal of the study was to find out the relationships between perinatal loss and psychopathological symptomatology development, and to identify the differences in maladaptive manifestations in women (experiencing miscarriage, giving birth to a death baby, experiencing death of a baby in early postpartum per...

Slovakia ranks among the European countries with the lowest efficiency of the health system. If Slovakia will use of its potential to increase efficiency in the health care system, it can according to the OECD findings manage to save up to 2.7% of GDP per year, it is a third of public expenditure in health care. Measuring the health systems effectiveness is becoming a fundamental problem because of its methodological complexity and problems associated with variations in health care systems, infrastructure, market ...

Luthans et al. [10] suggested organizational behavior would focus on Positive Organizational Behavior (POB). Adopting the positive emotions as the object of study, hope, resilience, self-efficacy and optimism were presented as POB states that could represent a superior order of configuration called Psychological Capital (PsyCap) Avey et al. [1]. Luthans et al. [10] proposed the PsyCap Questionnaire for the American population, in order to measure a new concept in the area of organizational psychology. Despite Mach...

Present study is aimed to perform a model of symbol creation in self-cognition. Symbol is here specified as a kind of a sign with variable connections between its meaning and the object this meaning is signified with. The author’s self-cognition method regards symbol as a multifunctional instrument for problems’ solution in psychological counselling. The study’s methodological basis is a synthetic qualitative analysis of counselling practices carried out in the author’s self-cognition method, the method’s adaptati...

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a predictor for overt diabetes later in life. Thus, during pregnancy GDM patients are instructed to change lifestyle after pregnancy. Ai m of the study was to identify and analyze dietary habits as one of the key aspects of prevention of type 2 diabetes among respondents after gestational diabetes compared with the control group. Method: For the collection of empirical data we used structured questionnaire prepared by the Institute of Preventive Medicine of Masaryk University...

The paper focuses on the description and analysis of social competencies and self-efficacy in university students. The research participants were 210 university students (68.6 % were male) with a mean age of 22.7 years. The research was conducted in two countries: Slovakia (N = 102) and Czech Republic (N = 106). The Social Skills Inventory developed by Riggio, & Carney and Sherer’s et al. Self-Efficacy Scale were used as the techniques of data gathering. The research results showed a significant relationship betwe...

The paper describes the authors metodics of drama therapy for people with drug addiction.To begin all paper is targeted to the specifics of approach used on detoxifical department. Consequently the article points out the complex therapy, incidentally this expressive therapy and its methods. The author discusses her five-year practical experience of drama therapeutical procces with drug addicted people, in addiction presents her methodology of approach, demonstrations of techniques and examples work of client?s. Th...

Background This paper aims to assess the activity of salivary cotinine in a study group before and after the use of an aqueous solution obtained from Prunus spinosa, and also the evaluation of a possible correlation between its action and levels of salivary cotinine. Methods The study group was made of 50 volunteers: 25 volunteers that used for a week aqueous solution made from dried fruit pulp of the species Prunus spinosa and 25 volunteers who used a blank solution at the same time, evaluating the comparative re...

Background Our study aimed the neurophysiologic testing, by measuring the nervous motor conduction velocity, an objective index of peripheral motor nerve function, beside the motor response, in order to emphasize its significant differences at girls and boys professional athletes. Methods At study had participated a group formed of 30 boys and girls, with an average age of 19 years, which practice one of the following professional sports: fence, volleyball or handball, for maximum 12 years, sports where the use of...

The paper deals with development of the Inventory for teachers’ self-assessment in classroom management styles (ITSCMS). The starting standpoint was model which distinguishes three classroom management styles: interventionist, interactionist and non-interventionist. The initial content of Inventory consisted of 36 items in the form of Likert scales (ranged from 1 to 5), describing each style by 12 items. Inventory was given to the sample of 169 teachers from Serbia. Results showed that the instrument has good reli...

Cognitive structure and its creation is a very important characteristic that contributes to the overall quality emotional and social life of man. This phenomenon can be divided into two parts - one of which is the need of individual cognitive structure and the second is the ability of this cognitive structure to create. Authors such as Piaget (1970), Bar-Tal (1962), Neuberg, Newson (1993), Ceresnik, Sarmany-Schuller (2004), Baranovska (2013) investigated how the need to develop cognitive structure translates into ...

Occupational health and job safety is a crucial issue in modern global industrial life. This study aimed at investigating risk evaluation methods using in the sense of occupational health and job safety at industrial sectors by content analysis. The sector companies are examined according to hazard classes properties, the results are presented by frequency distributions. Additionally, assessment of risk analysis methods is reevaluated by occupational health and safety specialists who are certified by Work and Soci...

Euro implementation in all three Baltic countries provides an opportunity for pan-Baltic organisations to centralise financial market and accounting operations. In order to achieve efficiency and reduced costs, international teams with local expertise will need to work on a best solution for all three Baltic countries. Projects usually involve discussions, arguing and conflicts. In conflict situations stereotypes can negatively affect communication process (people tend to concentrate on people not on a problem). T...

The article describes the results of studies of coping behavior of orphans in difficult (crisis) situations. The testees are 100 adolescents without parental care, 13-15 years old (N = 100). Markers of mental trouble of orphan children are analysed, the analysis of protective models of behavior of the teenagers who have endured ill treatment in a family is carried out. Typical destructive models of behavior of orphan children in crisis situations are revealed, their comparative characteristic is submitted. The wor...

The question of multiculturalism has been central to the political concerns of European countries during the last half of the 20th century. Such countries as Britain, Germany and France welcomed newcomers. It was a mixture of diverse ethnic groups mostly from their former colonies. These peoples have their own distinct culture and sometimes their own language and religion. At present these countries declared the failure of the multiculturalism policy and the shift to assimilation owing to a steadily rising number ...

Background. Subjective well-being and health measurement instruments have undergone a major evolution in the last 40 years. One of the more used health-related quality of life instruments for children and adolescent in European countries is the KIDSCREEN questionnaire in its three different versions: -52, -27 and -10 items. Despite of his (mainly linguistic) cross-cultural validation, not many research attempt to asses and go into cultural groups differences. The aim of this paper is to describe and analyze physic...

This paper presents the results of the TEXLECONS project which studies the biocide effect of gamma radiation for the treatment of leather and textiles heritage objects and for the improvement of occupational environment. Fumigation with different poisoning chemicals is one of the methods that can be applied for both the treatment of individual items and for mass decontamination. However, the use of these methods may just switch the hazard form biological to chemical, since, biocidal chemicals may be dangerous for ...

The classification system for the factors which make up a toxic workplace is based on previous research which was carried out on this issue. Some researchers state that organizational stress is affected by such factors as a toxic work environment, negative workload, isolation, types of hours worked, role conflict, role ambiguity, lack of autonomy, career development barriers, difficult relationships with administrators and/or co-workers, managerial bullying, harassment, and organizational climate. While others poi...

The main aim of the article is to discover whether there is a relationship between the self-reported health status presented in the EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU SILC) and between the economic situations in the EU Member States. Although people?s assessment of their heath is subjective, we suggest that there exists a statistically significant relationship between the answers to the health status question in EU SILC questionnaire: “How is your health in general?” and the living standard in the E...

This paper examines challenges to media and scientific literacy which were brought to scholarly awareness by growing popularity of conspiracy theories, pseudoscience, and alternative medicine. Easy availability of all kinds of information through the means of digital media makes informed opinions and decisions more difficult. Member of the audience needs to distinguish between various information sources. Ability to measure their credibility is vital component of critical thinking skills and it is closely related ...

The results of the survey of personal growth as creative major senior students’ moral development are presented. Methodological basis of the experiment to be cultural-historical conception of psyche development having allowed us to carry out the experiment in the delicate and active sphere of the student’s personality mental life to be moral choice was shown.

A family is one of the most important institutes of socialization. The sociological research aimed at studying social problems of a modern family was taken in the Chelyabinsk region, it involved 1800 respondents in different cities and rural areas. During the research the attention was focused on the influence of family problems on the socialization of children. There appears in modern sociological science the category of self-determination of a family, including the realization of its educational function. The me...

The aim of this research was to analyze and systematize complex data of qualitative research on purpose to determine substantial and peculiar traits of A.Alekseichik’s “Intensive Therapeutic Life (ITL)” method. Goals of research: 1) discuss A.Alekseichk‘s impact on (post)Soviet psychotherapy, 2) to present theoretical background and basic concepts of ITL, 3) to discern specific ways of therapist’s work during therapeutic process according to ITL. Paper is based on qualitative research which consist of analysis of ...

Car accidents represent a constant concern in the European Union. Romania ranks as fourth in the EU in terms of number of car accidents and fatalities. Young drivers’ high accident involvement is particularly worrisome, as they represent only a very small percentage of the overall population. Generally, it is considered that there are two main reasons for young drivers’ high accident involvement: the lack of experience and risk taking behaviors. These two aspects are especially involved in overtaking maneuvers of ...

A variety of non-fiscal input could be brought into discussion regarding the redesign and/or reform of the social care system for the frail elderly in the Czech Republic. It should be based on a deeper understanding of different stakeholders’ interpretations of “Participation” – one of the core values of the European social model. The study was based on secondary data collected through semi-structured interviews with “informal carers” (family members, non-professionals), secondary data collected through internatio...

It is known that complex polysaccharides (polyuronides) are natural macromolecular compounds located in all the plant organs in special histological formations (cells and canals), as well as in the external seminal tegument. In contact with water, they form colloidal solutions or gels. Under the action of the intestinal flora they are split and form a protective film for mucous membranes as well as create a pH unfavorable for the development of the pathogenic microbial flora involved in the degradation of the inte...

The nature is a space, which we, people, did not create. This is the reason why it will never be a really cognizible and absolutely understandable or examined place. In spite of the fact that we prefer living in an artificial, to humankind adapted environment, we went on to make up an environment even more artificial – the virtual cyberspace. Overusing of technologies of today clearly defines our affection towards machines and tools as extension of our own existence. Mankind is no longer absolutely dependant on th...

At the present stage of development of Russian society increasing attention from various social actors is given to diverse theoretical, practical and ethical issues of sexuality and sexual culture. For their successful solution seems necessary, first of all, scientific revision, critical analysis of existing ideas about the sexual culture taking into account qualitative transformations of social and cultural reality of the 21st century. Thus, researchers have traditionally allocated structure of sexual culture, wh...

A territorial variety (natural, economic, ethnic, ecological, medical and sanitary, etc.) of the Russian Federation is so great that almost any actions directed on strengthening of population health, can lead to good results in one region and to negative consequences in other. For regional classification of the Russian Federation depending on a population state of health, we made the decision to use integrated indicators of health. Integrated indicators of health are widely applied to obtain the complex characteri...