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DIETARY HABITS AMONG WOMEN AFTER GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a predictor for overt diabetes later in life. Thus, during pregnancy GDM patients are instructed to change lifestyle after pregnancy. Ai m of the study was to identify and analyze dietary habits as one of the key aspects of prevention of type 2 diabetes among respondents after gestational diabetes compared with the control group. Method: For the collection of empirical data we used structured questionnaire prepared by the Institute of Preventive Medicine of Masaryk University in Brno, Czech Republic under the name "The Informing and motivating preventive examination" by Assoc. prof. MD. Henry Fiala, PhD. The questionnaire included besides asse ssing of dietary habits also an evaluation of physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking, assessment of psychosocial burden, family history and body mass index.71 women after gestational diabetes mellitus were included into study. The control group co nsisted of 77 female respondents in the reproductive period without gestational diabetes me mellitus in anamnesis. Results: Generally respondents in both studied groups did not reach recommended intake of servings per day in each of the food groups.We found significant differences in fruit intake among respondents after gestational diabetes mellitus and control group. We found that respondents after gestational diabetes take more servings of fruit/day than in the control group comparing with the result s of other international comparative study.Further, we found significant difference in fiber intake between both groups. Our respondents after gestational diabetes take more servings of fiber/day than in the control group, but both studied groups are not b eing met recommended nutritional benefits of fiber intake. Conclusions: In conclusion our study demonstrates that women with previous GDM despite their high risk for subsequent type 2 diabetes are not able to adhere appropriate nutrition after pregnancy exce pt of intake of fruit and fiber. This indicates that lifestyle instruction including nutrition too, needs to be much more frequent and intensive in the period after pregnancy in these women.
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