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Many issues are connected with the ecological security of the state. This institution is a good example of the complexity of the relationship between the instruments of legal protection of the environment that create it. The aim of this paper is to consider the connections between planning instruments related to the functioning of the legal institution of ecological security in the system of environmental law. In the process of implementing environmental policy in the Polish State, ensuring ecological security, a ...

The article discusses the processes taking place in the system of higher education in Russia. The purpose of the article is to identify the key differences between basic undergraduate and graduate educational programs. The article discusses the conditions and mechanisms required to ensure the continuity between bachelor’s and master’s degree programs as a basis for quality higher education. The article contains a comprehensive evaluation of basic undergraduate and graduate education programs offered by the Russian...

The efficiency and time saving constantly are actual subjects of the civil procedures and for solutions of civil disputes. The civil procedural principles and procedural sanctions are those aspects which should ensure the efficiency of hearing of civil disputes in courts. The author of this article is civil rights lawyer and has of many years standing practice experience. This article analysis the procedural principles and instruments which one are stipulated in civil procedural law in Republic of Latvia and Repub...

In article is presented an analysis of the peculiarities of the consciousness and behavior of the student youth in the consumer sphere is presented. Based on a sociological investigation, the models of typical consumer practices of Sverdlovsk region students are outlined. Russia experienced a change of type of culture, value orientations in the XXI century. Formation of market relations contributes to formation of a market-oriented personality type. The concept is based on a relation to consumption as to a termina...

The research paper analyses the concept of legal liberalism as the framework for the existence of freedom in modern constitutional states. The genesis of the concept of legal liberalism originates from the works of ancient philosophers, who used to create various theories of ideal states. However, an in-depth analysis of this issue was carried out by great German philosophers Immanuel Kant and Georg Hegel. In Russia, a number of prominent scholars, such as Boris Chicherin, Pavel Novgorodtsev and many others, also ...

Pursuing certain professions in Poland is associated with certain entitlements, other than the job-specific basic pay. In the case of mining, there is a distinction between underground and surface jobs. These entitlements are referred to as privileges and are unavailable to other professional groups. These include in particular: awards, various bonuses, allowances, and other benefits in kind. They result, to some extent, from centuries-old mining tradition (miners were among the first professional groups to acquir...

One of the most important organizational resources is human resource of that organization, therefore organizations attempt to increase job satisfaction of employees. Employee job satisfaction is an attitude that people have about their jobs and the organizations in which they perform these jobs. Employee job satisfaction is generally recognized as a multifaceted construct that includes employee feelings about a variety of both intrinsic and extrinsic job elements. The result of previous research provide a broad vi...

The increasing complexity of buildings and structures, the high rate of construction and the need to reduce design time, enhance internationalization and international cooperation in design and architecture, as well as many other factors triggered the rapid improvement of computer design tools. At present, this approach to design is commonly referred to as Building Information Modeling (BIM), and the related technologies and software tools are called BIM-technologies. All of the above logically leads to the conclu...

Currently, suburban passenger transportation in Russia has a leading socio-economic role in satisfying the citizens’ requirement for displacement. The social significance of railway transport is primarily in its demand among the population with low income. Russian Federation regions establish the passenger-fare for selected groups of the population below the actual cost, so as not to reduce passenger traffic. Meanwhile, regional governments need to compensate for the loss of carrier's income which appears as a res...

The article deals with the peculiarities of information compression in the process of professional activity of a biologist (as a representative of the natural-science direction) and philologist (the representative of the humanitarian sciences). As the main method of research the semantic charting of the text, based on the psycholinguistic experiment, was used. The analysis of the themes and microthemes wording was based on the principle of matching/ mismatching of the wordings with the words from the whole texts: ...

Background/Purpose- Over recent years, in the Italian scenarios, several routes have been entered to face the lack of complementarity and interaction between public and private bodies. Although, the management dimension of public affairs fields has assumed relevant proportions in both social and economic terms, companies still struggle in considering it as a deserving capacity of their strategies, germinating the absence of a committed task. In this framework, the paper aims to define a theoretical and practical m...

A majority of students have the opportunity to be the centre of attention (to present a speech, to read a report, to sing, to conduct, or to play) and to feel emotional strain. The latter touches us all but not in the same way. For some personalities emotional stress helps to mobilise their spiritual power, others change unrecognizably: a person becomes tense, confused, the colour of his/her skin changes, a person’s hands start trembling. The profession of the music teacher may also be regarded as a profession of ...

The need to ensure mobility of persons with disabilities is due to an increase in the absolute and relative number of people with disabilities, which is a global trend. The United Nations Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities, adopted in 2006, was aimed at solving these problems. The actual problem of the Russian social practice is the provision of physical and social mobility of the disabled, the formation of a monitoring system of the rights of the disabled and the availability of infrastructure ...

A huge increase in the importance of individual transport in the 20th the century concerned practically all Western European countries and the USA. This was favored by changes in urban planning and society, such as the sprawl of cities and the development of the automotive sector. The prices of passenger cars dropped significantly, which in turn meant that the car ceased to be a luxury commodity and became the everyday means of human communication. Most European citizens can afford to buy a used car. The city auth...

Immersion in a language environment is a method developed to teach people in a second language that assumes that the language being studied is used just for educational purposes. Immersion education is not only suitable for most students but may also be the only opportunity for some students to learn a foreign language. In some cases, when a student lags behind in development and cognitively, termination of an immersion program is beneficial to the student. Deciding which way one or another student should go is up...

This article is devoted to the modernization of the laboratory practical work of chemical disciplines studied by future bachelors of the technical university with a view to strengthening the research-teaching link, creating conditions for the development of research competence of future engineers while attending junior university courses. On the basis of grounded by us earlier the concept and structure of the information-and-activity-based educational environment for the fundamental chemical training, the structur...

The conducted research concerns the self-reflection of young teachers as a factor identifying their professional needs. The theoretical assumptions referred to the concept of self-improvement. Moreover, the concept of an open intellectual / author's personality / intentional man and self-understanding was referred to. The aim of the article is to show the importance of visiting blogs by the young teachers (in the context of their self-development). Research questions concerning motivation to satisfy their professi...

A new quality of economic growth is being formed and related to the development of digital computer technologies in the modern world. The government of the Russian Federation has taken a course to transfer the Russian economy to a digital basis. It is reflected in the program approved in 2017 "Digital Economy". Among the main end-to-end digital technologies within this program are neurotechnologies, which, together with other advanced technologies, are created to reduce the gap with the leading countries in the ne...

Direct democracy as a concept of empowering citizens by enabling them to directly decide on matters of significant state importance became a very popular and catchy slogan in Poland, similarly to other Central and Eastern European countries, in the early 1990s when the process of constitutional transformation began. Direct democracy was perceived in this context as an instrument of legitimizing the activities of state authorities, such as, above all, the adoption of a new constitution. In Poland, not only the inst...

The article considers the language specificity within the culture of professional communication: the comparative study of verbal and semantic level of professional and business communication allows not only to establish the role of universal and idioethnic in the structure of professional linguistic personality, but also to trace the relationship and the impact of extralinguistic and linguistic factors on the formation process of linguistic identity. The purpose of this study is to identify the most important verb...

Contrary to the southern Europe the first signs of Renaissance in northern parts of the Holy Roman Empire as well as in Poland and Lithuania might be observed only at the beginning of the 16th century. Initially, they were created by Italian teams which came from Florence, Rome and the region of Como. One of the most recognizable marks of that process was the transfer of the Italian craftsmen and architectural solutions, e.g. the team of Bartolomeo Berreci from Florence who built the Sigmund’s Chapel in the capita...

Introduction: The SES status belongs to the most important health determinants in developed countries. Individual susceptibility for acute respiratory diseases is influenced by many factors: age, nutrition, presence of disease, genetic determination, global health status. Children are a focus points in the health protection considering possibilities of early organs and functions impairment. Material and methods. Cross-sectional study of respiratory health included parents questionnaires collected data about socio-...

Background Taking into account, that many recent research papers about functional anatomy, emphasized strong connections between motor cerebral areas and pre-frontal ones and that professional training performed on a period of time longer than 5 years, produced cerebral hemispheres functional plastic modifications, we consider opportune, to study the effects of long term physical effort, over cerebral activity at athletes, with a professional sportive experience longer than 5 years, from different sports as handba...

The article concerns the problem of the gradual change in the balance of power between the West and a group of rapidly developing countries, particularly the BRICS countries. The data from the World Bank, the IMF, the OECD, the Total Economy Database and other open sources have formed the base for research. In recent years, the world economy has demonstrated the accumulation of unresolved imbalances. Evaluation of observed trends in the world economy proves the need to complement the actions of international econo...

The purpose of research is to investigate information distortion linguistic means used by the printed and electronic media sources to manipulate the reader and form desirable by the addressee perception of reality. Among basic linguistic tools widely applied in mass media to shape the reader’s attitude to certain concepts, events, figures etc.in the article are distinguished labelling (providing unjustified emotionally charged characteristics of an individual, event, notion, etc.), insider-outsider concept (reflec...

The current research answers the question whether the energy efficiency resulting from the application of modern technologies is associated with savings at the scale of individual housing units, and further – at the scale of whole cities and countries. Therefore, the results indicate whether under certain climatic and economic conditions, the further improvement of the energy parameters of buildings is profitable. The research was carried out on a selected, heterogeneous fragment of housing development in Wroc?aw....

Igor Hajek belongs among the personalities who played an essential role in presenting Czech literature abroad. The paper aims to illustrate his work reflecting his viewpoint of two important books by Josef Skvorecky, namely The Cowards, a novel capturing the atmosphere of the last days of the Second World War, and The End of the Nylon Age, a novella set in the world of the fading glory of the post-war Czechoslovak democracy, and shows the clash of two worlds, which is Skvorecky’s favourite topic. Hajek’s original,...

The article presents technical solutions for the design of automated information systems that allow automating the management of municipal programs. Description of technical solutions is the content of the approach to the design of software equipment used in making managerial decisions by the municipal management authorities in the Russian Federation. A set of technical solutions can be used to prepare a technical task for the development of the system, and as a rationale in describing the characteristics of the s...

Ecotourism represents a significant share in modern world tourism, a distinctive feature of which is visiting areas that have not been subjected to anthropogenic transformations and impacts, and compliance with environmental safety. In Russia, eco-tourism is not developed as intensively as in Western countries, but it has good prospects associated with the availability of unique tourist resources. The Chelyabinsk region (South Ural) is one of such regions that have the necessary potential for the development of th...

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the concept of destructive communication, propose a possible classification of the situations of destructive communication in discourse as well as analyze some language clues of destructiveness. Destructiveness is viewed as a discourse category represented by a body of linguistic and paralinguistic means of expression, the main function of which is the organization of communicative process. Destructive communication is aimed at deliberate and intentional infliction of moral ...

The following text discusses some relationships between humans, image, and, language, within the perspective that language can be, which often different from what is usually suggested, i.e., not a "barrier" to reaching what is real or profound knowledge but for some people the exact opposite: the only possible way to expand one´s horizons and experience what is to be known about the world. To recognize the positive force of language, we argument is based on the well-known story of writer Helen Keller, who became b...

The topic of inbound logistics costs has recently become very actual. Inbound logistics involves a relationship with suppliers and also includes all the activities required for income, physical control and warehouse of inputs. Inbound logistics has become an interdisciplinary science that deals with optimal coordination, alignment, interconnection and optimization of the flow of raw materials, materials, semi-finished products, products and services, but it must not forget the flow of information and finance. The ...

Free time of an individual encompasses the ability to use time outside the scope of obligations and existential issues. Free time represents the ability to express and disclose the areas of interest and personality development. For young people, it represents an important period of life through which they need to be activated in productive programs that are offered within the educational process but also outside these same frameworks. In order to stimulate young people to create and participate in the provision of...

This article presents the research into the school of science-based copying of L.A. Durnovo and T.S. Scherbatova-Shevyakova as a single system, including analysis of stylistic, aesthetic and artistic features of painting as well as technological aspects. The school of copying, which was formed in Russia in the early 20th century and became a unique phenomenon of national culture, practically ceased to exist in the second half of the century. Russian museums have collections of the best fresco copies created in var...

The article discusses four examples of the pioneering use of concrete and reinforced concrete in the early twentieth century residential architecture that were of key importance for ideological and aesthetic changes at the root of modernity in housing. Two of these examples are completed buildings, i.e. Hennebique House in Bourg-la-Reine and the apartment building at 25 rue Benjamin Franklin in Paris designed by Auguste Perret. The other two relate to theoretical works – using concrete and reinforced concrete in a...

Sentiment analysis for the French language remains an under-developed research area. At the same time, sentiment analysis works well for identifying conflictual discourses in English. Today, identifying sentiment in social networks and microblogs, including Twitter, is a growing area of studies, but despite French is one of the most popular post-colonial languages online, the studies of user sentiment in this language are still rare enough. Also, there are practically no studies that would link sentiment analysis ...

This paper discusses the negative impact of shadow economy on Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Tourism Industry, where SMEs constitute 98 percent of the national economy. Our findings indicate that shadow economy widens the gap between SMEs and large enterprises, and presents the biggest obstacle for the development of SMEs. Moreover, our research confirms that the shadow economy has the potential of destroying national economies in smaller countries, like Greece. Our research was based on a questionnaire su...

The majority of information has a spatial context that can be represented in the map. For some kinds of users, the map is not only the possibility but also the necessity. In such cases it is highly important that presented information is correctly understood by the target group of users. Among these belong people with visual impairments, for which, however, the conventional map is insufficient. The number of visually impaired people increases every year and to their full-fledged integration into society is devoted...

The curriculum reform was introduced in practice in the Czech Republic in 2005. The previous detailed curriculum for the courses was newly defined by the Framework Educational Program (FEP). This program declares the minimum educational content for longer periods of time; specifically for the first level of elementary schools in the 3rd to 5th year of study. In addition, individual school education programs (SEP) were prepared for schools in which individual ways of achieving educational content were selected. The...

The article is devoted to the answer to the question, what priorities prevailed in the process of restructuring hard coal mining in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, in which this sector had a significant share in the structure of the economy (Poland, Czech Republic and Romania)? The analysis was based on the study of the relationship between the level of coal prices on the European market and the level of employment. The hypothesis of the article is that in the Central and Eastern European countries, s...

In modern world, large metropolises are beginning to play an increasingly important role. It also applies to many Polish cities. In Poland carrying out metropolisation process, understood as creating special solutions for metropolitan areas in the form of large urban agglomerations, that are facilities of various networks (transport, scientific, economic) and development centres, is not satisfactory. Initiatives to ensure management of metropolitan areas have been undertaken for a long time, but still without achi...

The aim of the presented text is to analyse the level of health literacy in health promotion, namely in healthy lifestyles, in a selected population of seniors. The text first defines health literacy as a key concept, and explains the importance and models of health literacy, including the possibilities of measuring it. The paper presents the results of an empirical survey of a selected population of seniors, namely students of the University of the Third Age at Palacký University in Olomouc, where a higher degree...

Financial literacy is one of the basic skills and competences allowing individuals to fully integrate into the financial system and feel comfortable in the modern society. The financial literacy of the population is important not only for financial specialists but also for the government, financial institutions, universities and nongovernmental organisations. According to an OECD report, Latvia was ranked above the average level with regard to financial literacy. How has this been achieved? The government focused ...

The problem of assisting people who have committed crimes has always been one of the most controversial themes among society. Fact of prison isolation, as well as long-term custodial sentences, makes it very difficult for a person to adapt to the society after leaving it. Assistance and effective action on people who have left prison not only helps to adapt them to everyday life in society but also, in particular, prevents them from entering into renewed conflict with the law. These people cannot be left without h...

A four-year research project on the protection of the more vulnerable party, supported by the National Scientific Research Foundation (K-120158), has been driven by the notion of flexicurity, which the Commentary of the Hungarian Labour Code also refers to. According to this the main question of the research shall be how the provisions of the Labour Law Code (in force since 01.07.2012.) protect the more vulnerable party, ie. employee. The examination of the Hungarian labour law provisions happens in six different ...

The main goal of our article is to present partial results of a qualitative study aimed at identifying health literacy of a group of citizens of the South Bohemian Region living below poverty line. Another goal consists in describing the relation of health literacy of the poor with selected socio-demographic variables. The partial results are presented not only in the context of health care but also in the context of health and social care. Health literacy is influenced by many factors, both at individual level an...

The main purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the overall level of motivation of workers of hotel enterprises in the Ferizaj Region in the Republic of Kosovo and to measure the relationship that exists between motivation and quality of service. Part of the study was 467 employees of hotel enterprises, of which 36.6% (n = 171) were women and 63.4% (n = 296) were males. The analytical data analysis was done through the SPSS program. From the findings of this study it has been found that the employees of ...

In the Czech Republic, the report / diagnostic conclusion of doctors on a severe illness or disability of their child is reported annually to several thousands of parents of minors. This issue, i.e. communicating the so-called Bad Breaking News, has been given more attention in recent years. The paper brings partial results from an extensive research to evaluate the process of communicating unfavourable health reports from the point of view of respondents – parents of a child's patient. The survey was conducted in...

The present article shall be devoted to the analysis of the regulation on the resolution of sports related disputes by the United States Olympic Committee (hereinafter referred to as “the USOC”). The research is made in the frames of the author’s doctoral study on alternative disputes resolution methods for resolving sports related disputes. The research is based on empirical-analytical group of the research methodology. The following sections shall be presented: the introduction; the role and functions of the USO...

In recent decades, the world community is objectively forced to admit - humanity is getting fat. It is not fatiguing in a figurative sense, that is, in terms of access to a variety of goods, services and opportunities, but in the literal sense, that is, in terms of a constant increase in the number and proportion of people suffering from overweight. The terrestrial population expands in its composition the representation of fat people, which due to this circumstance more and more drop out of the society. The total...