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The article analyses the key areas of cooperation between Belarus and the states of the African continent, which include a wide range of projects - from joint military-technical enterprises to cooperation in the fields of agriculture and education. The relevance of the research topic due to the fact that the African continent is a prospective region to deepen cooperation in many areas. The efforts of Belarus in this area suggests that there is the interest of the countries in interregional cooperation. Among the m...

Organization that wants to succeed in the present market must monitor and evaluate the competition, adapt its range of products and services to market changes and reach as large number of consumers as possible. Product policy is a necessary and important part of the management and marketing of each company. The aim of the paper is the theoretical processing of the product policy and product strategy and product strategy of selected international company in terms of Slovak consumers. The present paper reports a the...

Not only the economy, but also the whole society’s aim at economic growth in terms of qualitative and quantitative improvement of the population’s standard of living. At present, when the innovative economic sector, the service industry and knowledge have come to the fore, the concept of economic growth requires rethinking. Approaches to determining the quality of economic growth can be classified based on the absolute quantitative economic indicators (GDP, GNP, NI, national wealth, etc.), based on the relative qu...

The mankind (preliminary – its European integral part) understood the medieval world as the arena where irreconcilable struggle between Good and Evil continuously went on. The main opponents were the Christian philosophy and the heretic ideas, the main battleground – the human soul. As the Christianity conquered the dominating philosophic position, natural scientific knowledge should have been content with its secondary role and all discoveries and scientific theories defied censorship of the Bible. The theories, ...

In the area of complex issues of the Romanian education, the teachers’ initial training represents a modeling action of the student according to the society’s requirements and the Romanian education system’s priority, apparently slightly valorized, but in fact closely correlated with the other components of the education system’s reform in Romania. The present study’s orientation toward the initial issue of teacher education requires the approach of the theme not only from the initial training perspective but also...

The article is devoted to historical and methodological issues of application of the process approach in the practice of industrial enterprises. It is concluded that the development of industrial production and the increasing complexity of consumer preferences, evolving tools and process approach, from the division of labor in the sequence of manufacturing operations to the build process in the form of networking-based infrastructure platform. The process approach is the most important sign of improved management ...

The concern to protect consumers’ dates back to antiquity, the development of merchandise exchanges in markets from cities is not a random and uncontrollable phenomenon. The market of tourist products and services, in continuous development, leads implicitly to evolutions in the field of consumers’ protection, which will strengthen the cooperation with non-governmental organizations and with civil society. Consumers’ protection in the tourism sphere is part of the social policies promoted by any state. At the same...

This paper considers the implications of a new method for managing the development of a region. This method employs the «smart specialization» concept and results in the formation new booming sectors in the economy of region. The formation of these sectors is based on integration of «breakthrough» and intellectual technologies into the processes of production and management, both in traditional regional sectors of specialization and new sectors. We consider a transition to multi-sectoral model to be a primary obje...

Social workers play various roles in their practice. Generally, the role is defined as a way expected behavior linked to a certain social status. Foreign authors often emphasize the importance of the role of advocate, which is related to the advocacy and protection of clients' rights and therefore this role is inherently related to the mission of social work. However, Slovak authors discuss this role only little. Therefore the aim of our research was to find out how is this role reflected by social workers in prac...

The article evaluates the convergence-divergence of indicators of economic development processes in circumpolar countries. The object of the study is the indicators, which evaluate the economic processes in member countries of the Arctic Council: Denmark, Iceland, Canada, Norway, Russia, USA, Finland, and Sweden. The processes of convergence-divergence were researched in all eight member-countries of the Arctic Council based on statistics from 1990 through 2014. The following indicators, analyzing economic process...

The paper deals with the competitiveness of Slovak spa facilities and partly also with the competitiveness between Slovak and Hungarian spas. The main aim of the paper is to process and analyze the competitiveness in Slovak spa facilities through the use of all available information. The paper is divided into three parts. The first part summarizes the theoretical background of the examined issue; it’s focused on theoretical knowledge about tourism, spa tourism and balneology. It also deals with the theoretical kno...

In the modern world the question of the need for the legalization of gambling business is debatable, numerous disputes over this issue continue to date. At the same time supporters of both points of view adduce serious arguments in justification of their positions. Proponents of the legalization claim that permission of lawfully operating gambling industry will promote inflow of the considerable money to the budget necessary for development of various spheres of public administration, activization of the tourist i...

Theoreticians and experienced practitioners agree that organisational innova-tiveness is a key factor leading to the continuation of business activity and to developing of contemporary organisations. There are many publications about innovativeness de-terminants. According to practitioners and theoreticians organizational structure is one of the important innovativeness determinant. This article presents the results of empirical research concerning the relationship between the organizational structure and the ente...

We are living in a transitional time – contemporary television industry is rapidly evolving in order to meet uncertain and ever-changing preferences of the mainstream television audiences. Reacting to advanced technologies and different consumer practices related to mobile devices and digital media, ‘traditional’ television production companies are turning into hybrid media enterprises. As television is still seen as the most influential medium on the global scale, these development tendencies shape today’s media ...

The concept of inclusion has been widely used in social, political, economic, cultural, but especially in educational context. However, there is still a need for its thorough philosophical reflection. The article focuses on philosophical understanding of inclusion by analysing the concept of normality and its relation to exclusion. We undertake to answer the question if there is a difference in understanding of normality and inclusion in the context of modern and postmodern philosophical paradigm through theoretic...

The Millennial generation comprises the majority of learners in the traditional university setting. This group of learners appears to have a different learning style and expectations towards university teachers when compared with previous generations of learners. In the present paper, the authors discuss the current challenges that millennial learners present. The aim of the research is to examine the expectation of Millennial students towards the role of university teachers in higher education. The research was b...

Legal personality is one of the most important constitutive elements of international organizations. So far, international organizations have acquired legal personality in national as well as in international law. In the first case, international organizations are subjects of national legal systems, while in the second case, they are subjects of international law. However, despite the fact that the United Nations possess legal personality in both national and international law, certain subsidiary organs of the Uni...

If companies want to succeed and achieve sustainable competitive advantage, especially on the contemporary global market, they have to pay attention on competitors’ behaviour and global best practice. The same requisite applies on trends in technology, product development, innovations, but also in adopting and mastering managerial practices. With the aim to investigate trends in organization of information system in firms, in this research, different instruments and systems of data gathering and analysis (with an ...

The author describes the results of the study of language features of communica-tion during the job interview. The material for the study is transcripts of the real inter-views presented in the series "Cadres decide" on the online “UspehTV” channel. Such nomenclature units as official names and ergonyms including job titles and titles of or-ganizations are active lexical markers of speech strategies for recruiters and job seekers. The actualization of the nomenclature vocabulary in the course of oral interaction (...

European countries support their national economies and entrepreneurs in various ways. Goals include GDP growth, employment growth, and the development of public services. The article focuses on the various types of state aid. The states are limited by the regulations of the European Union: under Article 107 (1) TFEU, state aid is incompatible with the internal market and is therefore generally prohibited. An exemption from the prohibition may be granted on the basis of block exemptions or the decision of the Euro...

The article emphasizes the problem of integrating basic and additional education, which is an important condition for the transition to a new standard of education. This means that for the first time the basic and additional education in Russian school could become equal, mutually complementary components and thereby they can create a national educational standard. At the present time, a number of contradictions concerning the integration of basic and additional education have intensified in the context of the imp...

The main aim of the paper is to analyze the possibility of introducing the idea of combining functions hitherto treated as conflicting in architectural and urban programming, i.e. office and agricultural functions. The combination of this type is, according to canons of urban design, an antithesis of the possibility of creating usable spaces. In recent times, however, the departure from intentional functional segregation has become a global trend, which of the extreme case is nowadays the idea of creating self-suf...

The research work has the main purpose to build an assessment tool of ecosystem services of urban projects, capable of interfacing with project’s Building Information Model (BIM), and able to define spatial relationships with the main components of the territory. The architect and urban designer should take account of multiple objectives in a changing environment and the balance between the built and the green infrastructure. Adopting an easy to use computational tool, the assessment starts at the early stage of t...

Within a framework of the research project ‘Archaeological cultures and ethnic communities of North-Eastern Siberia: geoculture, co-spatiality and identity (interdisciplinary discourse)’ (2017-2020) in the block III ‘Profane and sacred space of the Northern Turks and the Tungus: daily routine, communication and modern symbolic representation of the territorial identity’ we began the study of the communicative culture of the Tungus people in the context of their daily routine. The research strategy involves the stu...

The article discusses some aspects of the distribution of rural population and settlements of the Republic of Tatarstan since 1959 for 2013. The main factors influencing the location of rural population and settlements – geographical, social, economic, environmental, transport etc. national peculiarities of the peoples such as Russians, Tatars, Bashkirs, Chuvash, Maris, Udmurts etc.who live on the territory of the Republic,influenced For the placement and formation of a network of rural settlements. In the early t...

The Romanian criminal law confers a much broader significance on the notion of civil servant than the law of administrative contentious. By virtue of these regulations, some categories of public officials, under certain conditions, if they do certain things, will not be criminally liable for corruption or service offenses. In the present paper, we propose to analyze the different categories of civil servants and the way in which they are criminally responsible for the acts of corruption. We will carry out a legisl...

In our article we would like to dwell on ‘the system typology of languages’ created by the Russian scholar G.P. Mel’nikov. He revealed ‘the internal determinants’ of four morphological types of languages as four internal forms which characterize morphological types of languages selected by V. Humboldt: a situational – incorporating languages (or polysynthetic) (qualitatively) indicative – agglutinative type, eventive – fusional (inflectional) type, occasional – root-insulating (analytical or root-insulating langua...

The aim of this study was to identify if there is a possible correlation between the salivary secretory Immunoglobulin A (IgAs), 8- hidroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and the clinical status in aggressive periodontitis (AgP). This disease has a high incidence around the globe of between 15-20% according to WHO. It is generated by the periodontopathogenic bacteria that lead to an imbalance in the production of oxygen reactive species resulting cell destruction and teeth loss in young adults. Due to evolution of technol...

For a long time, agriculture has played an essential role in the development of rural areas, but agricultural activities are no longer the only option for the development of these areas, "agriculture is no longer the vertebral column of rural economies." For the next period attention should be directed to: the development of rural villages and farms; support for processing agricultural products; relocating young people to rural areas; Development of activities in the tourism sector; Creating SMEs in rural areas. R...

In this paper, we have developed a database, which represents a collection of three-dimensional models of cultural and historical heritage objects located in the central part of Tambov (Russia), both existing and completely or partially destroyed. They include the elements of Tambov fortress of the XVII century (towers, walls, church), Bogorodnichnaya church of the XVIII century and the Library named after A.S. Pushkin built on its place in the XX century, the building of the Nobility Assembly of the XIX century, ...

Nowadays the success of organizations are becoming more and more dependent on leadership and the quality of workforce. Leadership’s effect as a factor on organizational success and workforce loyalty increased its importance. In this study the effects of servant leadership and path-goal leadership on organizational commitment and turnover is being researched. The sample consists of 112 employees in 35 organizations in Çanakkale city. Data collected by unobtrusive measures and question forms is subjected to analysis...

In the concept of sustainable development, the tourism industry has accepted the notion of sustainable tourism. To respond to the central idea underpinning sustainable development, namely to protect natural resources, the article proposes solutions for the rational management of freshwater resources. Ensuring comfort standards in tourist accommodation units involves consuming considerable amounts of water. Total water consumption can be diminished by implementing storage and use solutions of rainwater. The Romania...

In the scientific study, author discusses recognition as a forensic method, which in terms of criminal law also constitutes an important procedural step. Scientific study is one of the outcomes of the research project registered by the Academy of the Police Force in Bratislava under the number 167, entitled "Implementing the recognition in the police practice". The research was conducted from 2012 and it was completed in 2016. The collection of empirical material was done by using a structured questionnaire and th...

Job involvement is one of most useful instruments that companies can use to increase work productivity, since involved employee work loyalty creates positive environment for company growth. Engaged employees work better, are considering less job change options, feel higher personal growth and wellbeing together with the company. If employee is engaged in company work, he becomes motivated to care about what happens in the company, contributes to company goal accomplishment and tries to work as good as he can. Enga...

Diplomatic discourse as a specific type of discourse attracts the attention of many researchers because it quickly reflects global changes in the world community and constructs a special reality. It is obviously that in the era of global world conflicts the correct choice of words in international communication is crucial. The right words can help to solve conflict situations and make peaceful decisions. In another case, a careless word or violation of the rules of a diplomatic protocol and diplomatic ceremonial c...

Notitae episcopatuum of the Church of Constantinople are some of the most difficult historical documents to interpret. This is due to the fact that none of these old lists of the sees under the Patriarchate of Constantinople is a clean document. In fact, data relating to different historical periods are mixed together in the preserved Notitiae. This is why scholarly consensus in dating the information exposed in these documents does not exist. In this paper, the author offers a new interpretation key for the parag...

The text deals with the development and methods of robotization in contemporary armed conflicts. The contribution tries to present the main advantages of these vehicles as being the main reasons for their current use by the armed forces and expected proliferation in the near future. We can observe a new trend in the armed conflict in the last two decades – use of advanced systems of unmanned vehicles in such a range that many military and academic experts talk about a new wave of revolutionary changes in the milit...

The article highlights some of the issues of teaching Russian and Tatar languages in the Republic of Tatarstan in the late twentieth and the beginning of XXI century. It is emphasized that the education system in Tatarstan requires special attention to the improvement of bilateral Turkish – Russian and Russian-Tatar bilingualism. The urgency of the problem lies in the fact that in modern conditions of development of bilingualism it is necessary to strengthen attention to language preparation of students, improving...

The deepening fragmentation of urban landscapes related to chaotic development processes increases interest in the concept of green infrastructure, especially in shaping the river corridors. Usually they are perceived in the context of basic ecosystem services. Nevertheless, in many cities well-known and less known attempts are made to use the river as a path of a peculiar journey in time, showing the history of place and local community. Against the background of such excellent examples like London Arcadia the au...

The security of citizens and their property is becoming an increasingly complex process. One of the reasons is the fact that the number of negative influences on security increases. It is necessary to know the current state and development of the security to improve its level in the future. Security is generally affected by crime and but also by other various antisocial activities. These antisocial activities do not have to be classified as criminal offenses but can be classified as offenses. The paper highlights ...

The proposed text focuses on the conflict analysis and application of current typologies and methods within its framework. It sums up the overview of the most relevant methodological approaches and tries to highlight their limits in the analysis of the current conflicts, which have by far more different characteristic features than in the past. At present time the characteristic features of military conflicts have appreciably changed in comparison with military conflicts which have been happening in the past. Expe...

Over the past few years, the European countries have reformed their pension systems in order to make them able to cope with the challenges put forward by aging. As a consequence of the reforms, the pension systems have become more complex, the old age income being obtained today through cumulation of benefits provided by more types of pension schemes. Most often the changes were oriented towards ensuring financial sustainability of the system, sometimes forgetting that the purpose of a pension system is to provide...

Financial crises charge nations immense costs and lead to weakening of wellbeing. Politicians, professionals and academicians search for understanding of causes of financial crisis to enable them to spot their first hallmarks, and to adopt efficient regulative measures that may prevent financial crises and accompanying costs. When economists discuss an occurrence of the 2008 financial crisis they pay attention to plentiful reasons – but not taxes. This paper aims to investigate possible role income taxes might hav...

Primarily factor determining potential of power and impact of policy elite (force of elite) is recruitment of elite, i.e. selection of candidates.[11] Research of recruitment process of policy elite shows that there is a wide variety of criteria and ways how candidates for policy elite are selected and chosen. Moreover, importance and mutual hierarchy of these criteria have changed over time and there is no single theoretical standard for recruitment process. As the title of the article indicates, the focal point ...

In 1960's professor Thorp found a way how to make extraordinary profits by investing in warrants. These investment instrument were generally unknown by then. Nowadays warrants are traded at significant volumes on the majority of stock exchanges all over the world. The pricing of warrants is usually based on the Black-Scholes formula designed for european call options which was presented in 1973 by Black, Scholes and Merton. Before the Black-Scholes formula was presented to the world, Thorp devoted several years to...

The aim of the paper is to explain the specific structure of training (not only in the Czech Republic), its characteristics and its principles. It will also be useful to include some new, hitherto carefully hidden – also to point out and highlight some as-yet unpublished inside information about some specific training concepts of this martial art. An integral part of this training is to develop the internal energy called Qigong and some specific techniques within the different levels of performance in Kung Fu. Qig...

Frequent economical, political and cultural exchanges between German and Scandinavian people during the Middle Ages led to the large scale changes that affected many parts of people’s lives and resulted in the appearance of German-Scandinavian frontier culture with its specific features. This article, using the example of Middle German heroic epic “Das Nibelungenlied” and the corpus of adjoining texts that comprise “the legend of Nibelungs ” aims at describing how literature transgresses boundaries, how frontier l...

After the economic crisis, all member states of the European Union have begun to take drastic measures to adjust national economies and to tackle the main problems that have affected and that still affect some countries, such as unemployment and in particular youth unemployment. Romania is one of the European Union countries that still faces this problem, despite the measures taken since the end of 2008. Although youth unemployment fell from 22.4% in Romania in 2014 to 21.7 % in 2015 reaching 2016 at 20.3%, Romani...

The scientific purpose of the research is, first of all, the analysis of Polish legal provisions aiming to determine whether the institution of public-private partnership, regulated by these provisions – as one of contemporary applied method of performing of public tasks – affects the efficiency, effectiveness and speed of public administration tasks, including the tasks of local government units. The Polish Act of 28 July 2005 concerning public-private partnership (Journal of Laws of 2005, item 169, with amendmen...

Balanced scorecard is an important tool used in strategic decisions. In the literature, many field balanced scorecard devices from the education sector to the manufacturing sector appear to be used to make strategic decisions. In this research, the balanced scorecard was used to create merger and acquisition profits in businesses. The purpose of this study, Balanced Score Card (BSC), is to determine the strategic objectives set forth in the merger and acquisition decisions. This study of 124 people with an open-en...