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The article deals with the scholarly edition of 19th-20th cc. Georgian writers’ epistolary legacy (thirty-volume set), initiated by our scientific team from 2010, the modern research methods for textual and editorial studies, we guide with in preparing the volumes, our editorial strategy, based on which traditional attitudes and modern technologies have been combined with each other in research process, it became possible, by using computational technologies, to read several indecipherable texts of the writers, un...

Problem of extremism in modern society is one of the most important, because thanks to modern level of technical development, borders and distances start to be very relative definitions, and humanity still haven’t worked out mechanisms of painless coexistence in the situation of open wide borders. Modern Russian prose gives rich material for regarding and classification of theme of extremism. Being largely a mirror of the society, literature allows to select and analyze its most evident and painful appearance. We ...

The paper studies foreign practices of tax policy formation. The capability of a state to ensure social stability based on reasonable distribution of national wealth and household income is a very important indicator of modern society development level. However the mechanism of income distribution and the results of its operation may not agree with the social idea of justice. Many economists adhere to the opinion that the state should regulate the distribution of the incomes of the society and it is advisable to o...

The aim of the work is to evaluate the economic advantages of the application of the most frequently used energy sources for the purpose of heating administrative and office buildings in the conditions of the Czech Republic. Data for comparison are obtained from national statistics of projects and data obtained from suppliers providing energy for selected types of heating. The comparison deals with the assessment of the operating costs of administrative buildings using electric heating, central heat supply and a c...

This paper presents selected examples of interconfessional conversions of Christian temples in last fifty years in Poland. It also shows the process of transformation of spatial and functional structures as well as iconography of the temples, implemented throughout adaptation. It covers problems in architectural conservation as well as essential ideological aspects of symbolical and liturgical nature. Those examples are representative for the architecture of cultural borderland, which attempts to synthesize both W...

The study is devoted to the specific area of industrial design, design of public passenger transport stops (bus stop, tram stop, trolleybus stop). The main objective is to model relations between general features of the stops, environmental restrictions of places where the stops are situated and characteristics of people with their physical and psychological characteristics. The above-mentioned characteristics affect both sub-parameters and layout plan of the entire unit. The study has conveyed systematic research...

Each Romanian geographical region is characterized by some characteristics that can be seen as landmarks and analysed in order to assess their cultural and tourism profile. Oltenia, a historical province that dates back to the Dacian-Roman period and inhabited ever since, has a rich/vast tourism offer, with numerous cultural attractions spanning centuries/from each century. It is necessary to distinguish between the historical heritage items from different time periods ranging from the ancient Dacian, to Roman era...

Background. Immune causes of miscarriages are not well known. Toll-like receptors (TLR) are receptors of innate immunity, situated on innate immunity cells, including epithelial cells, and capable to recognize structures of pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa) and activate immune response. Toll-like receptors, recognizing bacterial structures, are membrane receptors, which through MyD88-dependent pathway activate synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines. TLR1, TLR2 and TLR6 recognize lipopeptides of Gra...

In sectoral research of entrepreneurship there is a deficit of data about medical entrepreneurship and the entrepreneurship of doctors. The medical sector is diverse because it encompasses various size business entities that specialize in many possible aspects of the medical business. It seems, however, that there are some common features of medical entrepreneurship which are worth investigating. The result of such analyses could be the construction of models of medical entrepreneurship, which would allow a better...

As more and more companies invest a lot of money and effort into building their own corporate universities, the economic effectiveness of corporate universities is under increased scrutiny. However, not many researchers have addressed the issue of the evaluation of learning effectiveness in corporate universities. In our article, the main methods, applied by famous corporate universities to measure the results that corporate education delivers, are analysed. The importance of the evaluation of learning effectivene...

It is hard to imagine nowadays building a competitive economy without including in the process the achievements of scientists and Ph.D. students perceived as a source of new knowledge. The process of technology transfer and commercialization of knowledge is an important driving force for economic growth and social well-being. The transfer of knowledge from academic institutions to businesses and social environment can take place through various channels such as education, publications, commissioned research, staff...

In terms of legal theory, Ukraine, as the main structural element of the political system, carries out the state policy the aim of which is provided in the Constitution of Ukraine. This policy is demonstrated in different directions, defining the main objectives and content of the state activity in all areas of public relations. One of the structural elements of the state policy is legal policy, the main task of which is to create an effective system of social relations regulation by legal means. Depending on its ...

Reminding us of the title of the French author Jean Giono’s novel “Joy of Man’s Desiring” (1936) and Johann Sebastian Bach’s chorale “Jesu, Joy of Man’s Desiring”, the author Cornelia Golna has chosen an intriguing name for her first novel which is related to the story of culturally marked individuals, like the Greek girl Theodora Vlachos, the Russian Natalya Petrovna and the American professor John Townsend. Having as major focus the struggle for adaptation to a new life after the Young Turk Revolution, the book ...

Background: Originality is the main specific feature of mathematical Olympiad problems. Formulating these problems requires a special kind of creativity and only a few people have this ability. They are called problem composers, and Rosen Nikolaev is one of them. H? creates mathematical tasks every day. More than 14 of them have been selected for the The National Student Olympiad in Mathematic and more than 40 for the Bulgarian Mathematical Olympiad. Such specialists are unique, not only because of their special a...

The major research objective was to study the influence of the students’ religiosity on their moral consciousness. Religion has always been the most effective and widespread means of maintaining social order. It has played a variety of roles in different social contexts and, as a subsystem of society, changed along with it depending on the specific historical circumstances. In the socialist countries, positioning itself as atheistic, the level of religiosity of the population was extremely low. Currently, there is...

In the demanding competitive environment, manufacturers find it more and more difficult to differentiate physical products, and so they resort to differentiation of the offer through services and customer solutions. The thing is that the product level cannot be assessed according to the quality of its technical features only, but particularly according to the way how the clients are provided with it - services. Their importance is growing on a long-term basis, and their sufficient level is a critical factor of the...

The article justifies the classification of professional-business letters for linguodidactic purposes. Discourse analysis of business letters is a way to establish methodically significant features of the texts of this genre and analyze their essence and significance for learning the reception and production of business letters. The features of professional-business letters include their function, subject, composition, social characteristic and communication channel. The performed analysis of 80 texts also allows ...

This paper presents the issue of adaptation of the existing railway facilities to the new needs and their potential and significance for the local communities in small towns. Presented examples of adaptation indicate the possible functional solutions and methods of investment implementation. The examples of modernization and adaptation carried out include station buildings in rural areas and small towns. Based on these examples, an attempt was made to create a model way of program planning and functional layout as...

Through this paper I present the results of my research concerning the link between literature, architecture and urban space. In two scientifically supervised studies at Graz University of Technology and at the Technical University of Berlin, students approach the spatial design based on narrative texts. On the basis of the evaluations of the experiment at Graz University of Technology, it is shown that it is possible to think architecture out of the place, to write, and to develop real space drafts from this resu...

Today information space is a natural human life environment. Almost unlimited technical capability of modern interactive gadgets allows people to become co-authors or even creators of their own virtual reality. General availability of personal data makes it possible to interfere in other people’s private lives, forming their values and sense attitudes. So, the problem of psychological safety of a person in information space has become of vital importance. As a theoretical ground of the research we use such concept...

“Stylistic synchronism” and “aesthetic analogy” are two of the most spectacular phenomena in the dynamics of the present-day artistic world which may acquire special (and even paradoxical!) connotations when they manifest “spontaneously” – i.e. involving no deliberative/predetermined factors. In this context, non-intentionality and, respectively, the absence of any individual attempt to relate to an antecedent (alternative) reference enhances the importance of identifying the stylistic and language vectors that sh...

The archaeologic site from Basarabi is digged into a lithological generated hill, consisting of chalks and chalky marnes, where Senonian occurs continuously over the Baremiene limestone from the valley Carasu flank, or over the Aptiene gravels. The limestone from Basarabi is compact, with variable thickness from 42 m to 95 m, and below them there are marl and limestone. It is white with flint nodule with 91% CaCO3. From geological and technical point of view, could be identified semi-hard rocks (limestone, limesto...

Cultural linguistics is one of the fast developing fields of modern linguistics which studies different concepts of different property. Gender approach is considered to be the most interesting and important in study of concepts. The aim of this research is to describe important questions of modern concepts and aspect of gender concepts functioning in the Russian picture of the world etymologically connected with the names of fairy creatures (Baba Yaga, Zmey Gorinich, Tsarevna Lyagushka, Fox, etc.). For the sake of...

The article is dedicated to representation of such a characteristic personality trait as intelligence, particularly the image of a clever person shaped and perceived by Russian native speakers. Theoretical grounding for the research is the integration of functional and psycholinguistic approaches. The data were obtained through ???????????? ?????? ???????? ????? (????) ‘Russian National Corpus’ [7]) data (syntagmatic level), dictionaries of modern Russian language (word and phrase levels), two surveys based on con...

A subject of this article is a museum-visitor interaction that uses modern type of communication based on information technology. We have a great chance to implement a concept of the Internet of Things in museums and other buildings due to Bluetooth Low Energy technology. The Internet of Things presents a major opportunity for a large number of user applications that promise to improve interest to exhibitions and provides extra knowledge about museum objects and a digital extension into the physical world. The art...

In 2004, Peter Goldie accentuated a common feature of certain contemporary artworks and social psychology experiments: the „deception” of viewers and, respectively, of participants in the experiment. Peter Goldie uses the term „deception” for the strategy of social psychologists, because the entire experiment is based on a hoax (in Milgram’s experiment on obedience, for example). The participants fallaciously believe until the end of the event that they are taking part in a general knowledge test, playing by the p...

In this paper we examine how cross-cultural aspects influence Kazakh and Russian students when they form the image of the manager’s profession. Our research based on the data of comparative sociological survey of Kazakh and Russian university students studying management from the first to the fourth year of study. We have found that the share of Kazakh students, who plan to work as a manager in business, or in public administration sphere, and who has an experience of such work is bigger than that of Russian stude...

Labor productivity is the most important factor in the economic growth of the region. Traditional production functions assess the contribution of labor resources to three-fourths of the total one. But today there are new factors, the inclusion of which in the model is necessary, since they determine the key forces of economic development, iden-tify the direction of regional policy. Economic growth, according to neoclassical theory and the theory of endogenous growth, is influenced by labor resources: population de...

One of the important features of the contemporary literary process is an actualization of a variety of transgressive or hybrid phenomena. In this connection, the novel “Laurus” (2012) by Eugene Vodolazkin is not an exception. Expressed criticism is sometimes not satisfied with the discreteness of E. Vodolazkin’s text, its peculiar mosaic, explicit eclectic mixture of semantic, speech, structural and genre elements. It seems that these elements have a deeper meaning. The article analyzes the semantics of the blendi...

Development of ICT, Internet and electronic commerce tools has totally changed the way of doing business, business processes, marketing and Public Relations. A new type of activities in the digital environment provides an advantage to small and microenterprises to effectively communicate directly with the target group of customers and achieve much better results than with the traditional media. The purpose of this article is to describe the main factors influencing the usage of e-commerce in microenterprises’ mark...

In recent years, the hard coal mining industry is increasingly practicing outsourcing according various types of work. These practices are not necessarily well perceived by miners because they can affect their wages indirectly or directly. First of all external employees treat work in mining company as a source of a quick income. Therefore, external companies often calculate their employees compensation not based on a working time but on the basis of a specific, accomplished task. Such employment is called piecewo...

The aim of the survey was to map out selected general practitioners’ view on primary prevention. To achieve this objective, qualitative research through semi-structured interview was chosen. This interview was based on the standardized HLS-EU-Q47 questionnaire of the EU HLS Consortium for the European Health Literacy Survey (HLS-EU), which is designed for mapping health literacy. The interview included 26 questions arranged into five categories and has been designed to find out the opinion of general practitioners...

The agronomist Arthur Young wasn’t a traditional Grand Tourtraveler. The report of his journey in France and Italy is published inTravels during the years 1787, 1788 and 1789. Undertaken more particularly with a View of ascertaining the cultivation, wealth, resources, and national prosperity of the Kingdom of France. The pages written by Young about the Piedmont are very interesting. His approach to the region was different.Infact, the great Italian cities, their buildings and famous antiquities, seem relegated to...

The paper is dedicated to the points of efficient recreational management of natural resources in the steppe area of Russia. It is the authors’ opinion that koumiss therapy – the traditional for the region kind of tourism – is necessary to consider as an upcoming trend in the development of recreations in steppes of the Russian Federation. The history of the koumiss therapy at the territory of Russia and the USSR is analyzed in the paper; it was noted that the organized at the beginning of the XX century net of he...

Background: Although the health is considered to be the highest value in our individual lives, the health care is often neglected. Health care is closely connected with health literacy which has been, especially recently, growing more as an integral part of evaluation of quality of life as well as our societal state. The Roma people who are the largest ethnic minority in the Czech Republic, population of which has never been a homogenous group comprised of only one ethnicity, are often mentioned in association wit...

The main objective of the paper is to present the quality and development of the business environment, which is a key factor for economic development of the country. "Good rules" strengthen the functioning of the market, improve efficiency and encourage business. The quality of the business environment affects the operation and success of companies. It also depends on the competitiveness and attractiveness of the country for investment and subsequent growth. Favorable investment climate is a key factor in the infl...

The nature of the technology in which the basic executive component is the precasted element, may suggest that the majority of façades made of prefabricated concrete elements will feature rhythmic, repetitive compositions, and regular divisions. The oldest known examples of architecture reveal the pursuit for order. Even those architectural objects, which for obvious reasons, try to imitate nature, contain elements of regular arrangement. This is noticeable especially in cult buildings or ones with a representativ...

Like any other commodity market, alcoholic beverages market has its own the specifics of development. The paper investigates the problems and prospects in the development of the alcoholic industry on the regional level. The authors identify the problems of implementation of the federal laws on the issues of administrative and legal regulation of the alcoholic market, as well as the structure of offenses in the sphere of production, turnover and retail sales. The methodology aimed at developing the criteria and ind...

Concept of Corporate Social Responsibility requires balanced consideration of environmental, economic, ethic, philanthropic and social issues. The companies’ effort to present relevant responsible activities can be considered as ones of the most meaningful reporting goal with strong impacts on important stakeholders as well as on the broad society. Presentation of economic and environmental information via regular reports and static companies’ web pages can be considered as a common company practice, but social, p...

The synthesis between the national folk tradition and the European musical tradition was performed in the Romanian culture with the contribution of great creative personalities. This synthesis is carried out differently from one culture to another, from one composer to another, either by following traditions or by consolidating the original and relevant language, which resulted in the shaping up of the national musical folklore cultures of the XXth century. Three piano parts op. 18 composed in 1933 by composer Mih...

The author is reflecting on the fact that a modern man is living in a rather intimate relationship with new information and communication media, starting thus various connections and degrees of integration with these media. A human subject is therefore “homo medialis“ (digitalis, interneticus, informaticus), existing on the interface, virtualised, augmented, hybridised with the technology of new media. The author believes that virtual cyberspace is bringing a man a new living space, a space that shares the idea of...

Many years of mainly European experiences in economic integration offer a vast empirical background revealing a closer link between benefits and achieved stages of integration. The largest benefits of market integration stem from: size of the internal market of the integrating area and the scale of production, increased competition, liberalization of merchandise and service trade as well as factors of production flows, fragmentation of technological processes and specialization, but also competition law and policy...

Short termism is one of the most relevant problems of corporate governance. Managers of companies have to make a choice between long term and short term decisions. The main reasons provoking the emergence of short-termism are: the high volatility of the economy as a whole, the high level of uncertainty of business development due to systematic risks, the legislatively conditioned necessity of publishing interim financial statements and the desire of business owners to get a return on investment as quickly as possi...

The “Ring” cycle by Richard Wagner marked the bicentenary of the composer in Riga, the city he used to live and work for few years between 1837-39, bringing back the Latvian capital to the Wagnerian geography with contemporary opera productions staged between 2006 and 2013. The aim of the paper is to summarize the impact of the “Ring” project to the operatic culture of Latvia, to the international career development of young Latvian artists and cultural branding of Latvia, Riga and Latvians, showing the progressin...

It has always been a common place that learning phrasal verbs is the hardest English vocabulary for students. To learn phrasal effectively either on their own or in class, students must be made to elaborate an appropriate approach to deal with the new notion and use it naturally and properly referring to the executive functioning skill of organizing thoughts. As many teachers may know, it takes a lot of experience to present phrasals to students to be accepted in the right and long-term way. To develop own methods...

The article is devoted to the problems of correlation between International Humanitari-an Law and International Human Rights Law, mainly to investigation of two viewpoints on the issue. International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law are by themselves two different but mutually complementary branches of International Pub-lic Law. Both are aimed at ensuring protection life, health and human dignity. Whereas International Humanitarian Law is implemented solely in situations of armed conflicts, Inte...

The protection of the customers who take out insurance products has become more important, as there it is still not on very high level. Therefore, it is more likely that customers do not have all decisive information they need to deal with an insured event. The goal of this article is to introduce the new approach to the protection of consumers in the field of insurance. The partial goal is to determine how the study will proceed. This new research will be focused only on the life insurance products because non-li...

The main objective of the paper is to analyze the key problems ahead of Bulgaria’s accession to the euro area. By joining the EU, Bulgaria assumed a duty and became eligible to join the euro area. By its nature and consequences, joining the eurozone is not only a matter of currency substitution, but also a radical change of the monetary regime and elimination of the currency board arrangement in Bulgaria. The study emphasizes that to date the accession of Bulgaria to the euro area has the importance of an immediat...

The following text tries to approach the selected phenomena of theatrotherapy, as an expressive-formative approach which exactly stands on an imagined border between art and therapy. The aim is to establish this approach as an independent and unique system with its inter-disciplinal relations, especially with the field of special pedagogy and classic psychotherapeutic approaches. When comparing the text we are stemming from the research carried out by the author between the years 2006 and 2016 and also from his lo...

The article considers the peculiarities of social status of elderly population in Kazakhstan, and their need for special social services. Special social services to elderly people in Kazakhstan is considered as a practical activity, the legal framework has been indicated, the care for elderly people in social homes and centers of provision of special social services, as well as some issues concerning social work aimed at the formation of healthy lifestyle and development of new forms of social services have been s...