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INTERPRETATION OF PEACE IN THE MEDIEVAL AGES
Abstract
The mankind (preliminary its European integral part) understood the medieval world as the arena where irreconcilable struggle between Good and Evil continuously went on. The main opponents were the Christian philosophy and the heretic ideas, the main battleground the human soul. As the Christianity conquered the dominating philosophic position, natural scientific knowledge should have been content with its secondary role and all discoveries and scientific theories defied censorship of the Bible. The theories, that contradicted biblical concepts, were rejected by society and the church. Knowledge of the world in the medieval worldview was of contemplative character. On the one hand it caused the theocratic uplift leading to unification of national states on the religious basis. On the other hand it provoked a terrific regress of natural science: compared to the antique one, medieval science took a big step back. Also the theory of war and peace has changed its main vector from the political to the theocratic determinant. Despite the fact, that the Christian religion has totally replaced previous pagan beliefs, the idea of the eternal peace between the peoples was just on the beginning stage of forming. The spiritual solidarity of the peoples, being former Roman provinces, should just be realized and acknowledged by the forming European society, being guided by the Roman Catholic Church. All that determined new political, scientific and spiritual tendencies in the social interpretation of peace in the medieval ages.
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