Browse

The present study sought to replicate on a sample of 194 Romanian first-year students, the results obtained in the mid-1970s and late 1980s by David Hamilton and Robert Gifford, regarding the role of cognitive factors in stereotyping, namely the people's propensity to build negative impressions of minorities based on false associations (the illusory correlation effect). The method implied presenting the participants with a number of statements about each member of two imaginary groups (Group A - the majority group...

This paper focuses on the specific features of the communication of children in the Internet communication platforms (especially social networks), in situations where the child communicates with an unknown Internet aggressor. The paper describes the forms of communication in the various stages of an attack - from the initiation phase (in which the attacker makes contact with the child and seeks to gain his/her confidence), through manipulation stage (in which the attacker affects the opinions and attitudes of the ...

Subordinated to the key question "what is (are) the main problem(s) and/or concern(s) of homeless people?" this study aimed at the generation of a theoretical model, explanatory of the different processes that embody diverse trajectories, since its emergence to successful exit. Entitled surviving the streets, the generated GT emerged from the analysis of information gathered through complementary observation approaches (e.g., unstructured observation, observation of street interventions), and 96 interviews [homele...

College is considered to be an important phase in the life of people. The obtained academic outcomes may impact the future of individuals in many areas. In our correlational study we analyze the role of intrinsic motivation (interest/enjoyment), self - regulation skills and contextual characteristics (stressful events, having a job, etc.) on the academic achievement of 150 minority undergraduate students from Transylvania. We have explored the above characteristics considering objective academic outcomes, starting...

Associative thinking is a key aspect for designers in the phases of their creative work. This type of thinking is based among others on analogical and metaphorical reasoning and reasoning by visual posters. Visual analogy and visual thinking play an important role in the field of design. They are often assisted and guided by visual stimuli. Our main goal was to conduct a global quantitative meta- analysis regarding the relation between analogical reasoning and creativity. The scientific literature was explored and...

Many scientific articles concluded that analogical reasoning can influence creativity in different ways. Some of them claimed that this way of thinking can induce fixation which in turn has a negative influence on the generation of creative ideas. Furthermore, other studies considered analogical reasoning as a key factor of creative thinking. Based on these results we have focused on the relationship between analogical reasoning and creativity. Our main purpose was to investigate figural analogical thinking and cr...

The article presents the study of interrelation between the level of development of communicative competence (through some of its components) and sociometric status in psychology-students. Also the model of communicative competence as predictor of student's sociometric status in an educational group is described. Four characteristics have been included in the model: general index of communicative tolerance, such component of tolerance as inability to forgive, or rancor, the total index of communicative competence ...

Background: Personality predispositions play an important role in coping with stress, and therefore can be perceived as an important component in the prevention of burnout in the helping professions. Aim of this study was to examine relationships between risk and protective personal characteristics and burnout syndrome among helping professionals. In this context, social support is discussed in terms of protective effect against burnout. On the other hand, Type-D personality is considered as negative factor with r...

Ideas of nonlinear dynamics are widely used in various fields of human knowledge. The study of nonlinear phenomena shows that they reflect the real dimension of fractals and chaos. In this paper we consider some nonlinear mapping: fractal curve van der Varden modified conversion Baker and building of Julia sets by examining the graphical representation of the attractors of a rational map and developed algorithms to detect singularity Yang-Lee.

Based on previous studies that linked emotional disorders, including depression, with memory biases, the aim of the present study is to assess the relation between depression and memories for negative life events. Specifically, we aimed to investigate the individual differences in depressive state in evocation of both veridical and false memories. To study the occurrence of veridical and false memories, a video paradigm was used. Videos related details were not shown but were presented during a recognition task in...

In most educational systems, school grades and grades obtained at national exams represent two basic indicators of academic success. Given the role that emotions play in student learning and achievement, it is important to understand the role that previous academic results and the perceived importance of grades to be obtained in future exams, play in the activation of students' academic emotions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relations among students' previous grades, the perceived importance...

The purpose of this paper is to explore aspects influencing habits of information exchange in Latvian competitive environment. The study on implementation of competitive intelligence management in companies indicated the trends that employees of Latvian enterprises lack motivation to exchange information. Tasks of the study were to explore on the basis of the review of scientific sources and study aspects influencing habits of information exchange in Latvian organisations. For this particular study, the focus grou...

In the context of the increased incidence of psychic disorders and of man's need for healing, three psychotherapy Schools were developed in Vienna: 1) Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalitic School, whose deterministic theory is related to the principle of pleasure and which, consequently, speaks about the will to pleasure; 2) Alfred Adler's Individual Psychology School, which refers to the will to power; and 3) Victor Frankl's Logotherapy School, underlining the will to meaning. Along with these Schools, the accent has la...

Psychiatric disorders have a huge impact on life, leaving deep scars on the suffering soul. Although modern man is concerned about spirituality, being attracted to everything representing energy, harmony, relaxation or meditation, he stands powerless when facing mental disease. Therefore we ask the questions: What is the real cause of these diseases and what role plays the Orthodox psychotherapy in the healing process? This study shows that the Orthodox theology's understanding of human inner self and the personal...

The aim of our research was to study the representations of real personalities, who belong to a certain society or social stratum etc. The everyday representations of Enemy and Friend are formed within the everyday communication, and because this type of representations include the following components: Representations about the relation system of Friend and Enemy towards the Other; Representations of Enemy’s and Friend’s appearance; Representations of the gender specific characteristics of Enemy and Friend. Hypot...

Although most psychotherapeutic interventions have a significant impact on the patients` well-being, there is no consensus on the optimal psychotherapeutic intervention in working with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) patients. The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of different therapeutic strategies and to determine which type of psychotherapeutic intervention can improve the patients` psychosocial integration, ART (antiretroviral treatment) adherence, anxiety and depression. A number of 80 HIV-posit...

This study aimed the construction of an elaborated inventory regarding the tendency for Narcissistic aspects of the personality, designed for the organizational purposes. The need for these inventories is emphasized by recent studies showing the increase of the number of negative consequences of Narcissistic dimension on subordinates. We used a multi-step approach: documentation (DSM 5, personality disorders papers and books, papers regarding the Narcissistic behavior in organizations and its effect etc), the cons...

The difficulties in life connected with upbringing of a child with special needs lead to high level of distress for parents. Mainly negative influence of the child’s disease upon intrafamilial and extrafamilial functioning, psychological well-being of parents define the necessity of regular help for such people. Aims of rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT) correspond to psychological problems of relatives of children with special needs. As few sources show, REBT has a significant potential in assisting parents...

Recently, due to the widespread occurrence of the manipulations in the public life and interpersonal relationships as well, the study of the effect of the persons manipulative tendencies on his relationships in the group is of great current interest. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship satisfaction in the group of subjects who are prone to manipulations. The methods of the study were survey, sociometry method, conversation, observation. The study involved 85 people, members of 4 groups. The st...

The paper presents an experimental research of two functional subsystems which emerge in the process of bilingual lexicon formation: the mixed (L1+L2) subsystem and the monolingual L2 subsystem. The functions of both subsystems and their structural- dynamic properties are discussed.

The paper deals with structure variability of the interconnected values “country”, “ethnos”, “religion”, and relations between them in bilingual consciousness depending on the language of value representation. The research material is informants’ reactions in directed chain associative test. The test was carried out with bilinguals (Komi-Permyaks and Bashkirs; for each group the test was run in two languages). Qualitative and quantitative features of the semantic word groups, representing the values under study we...

The aim was to explore gender differences in cyber-violence in high school samples from a small town. Research was conducted on two samples of second grade students (N1=249 school year 2011/2012, N2=339 school year 2012/2013). Cyber Victim and Bullying Scale (CVBS) was used. Prevalence of internet violence in first sample was 24.9% (experiencing) and 27.7% (committing) and in second sample was 17.7% (experiencing) and 16.5% (committing). Decrease is probably the result of some preventive actions, but the numbers a...

At least in the adult population, it is well known that certain cognitive styles constitute vulnerability factors for specific emotional disorders. A preference asymmetry towards negative stimuli is common to both mood and anxiety disorders. For the purpose of understanding how this pervasive asymmetry towards negative features of stimuli influences emotional development the most promising area to examine is how emotions develop typically or become problematic during adolescence according to cognitive particularit...

Luthans et al. [10] suggested organizational behavior would focus on Positive Organizational Behavior (POB). Adopting the positive emotions as the object of study, hope, resilience, self-efficacy and optimism were presented as POB states that could represent a superior order of configuration called Psychological Capital (PsyCap) Avey et al. [1]. Luthans et al. [10] proposed the PsyCap Questionnaire for the American population, in order to measure a new concept in the area of organizational psychology. Despite Mach...

Present study is aimed to perform a model of symbol creation in self-cognition. Symbol is here specified as a kind of a sign with variable connections between its meaning and the object this meaning is signified with. The author’s self-cognition method regards symbol as a multifunctional instrument for problems’ solution in psychological counselling. The study’s methodological basis is a synthetic qualitative analysis of counselling practices carried out in the author’s self-cognition method, the method’s adaptati...

The paper focuses on the description and analysis of social competencies and self-efficacy in university students. The research participants were 210 university students (68.6 % were male) with a mean age of 22.7 years. The research was conducted in two countries: Slovakia (N = 102) and Czech Republic (N = 106). The Social Skills Inventory developed by Riggio, & Carney and Sherer’s et al. Self-Efficacy Scale were used as the techniques of data gathering. The research results showed a significant relationship betwe...

Cognitive structure and its creation is a very important characteristic that contributes to the overall quality emotional and social life of man. This phenomenon can be divided into two parts - one of which is the need of individual cognitive structure and the second is the ability of this cognitive structure to create. Authors such as Piaget (1970), Bar-Tal (1962), Neuberg, Newson (1993), Ceresnik, Sarmany-Schuller (2004), Baranovska (2013) investigated how the need to develop cognitive structure translates into ...

Euro implementation in all three Baltic countries provides an opportunity for pan-Baltic organisations to centralise financial market and accounting operations. In order to achieve efficiency and reduced costs, international teams with local expertise will need to work on a best solution for all three Baltic countries. Projects usually involve discussions, arguing and conflicts. In conflict situations stereotypes can negatively affect communication process (people tend to concentrate on people not on a problem). T...

The article describes the results of studies of coping behavior of orphans in difficult (crisis) situations. The testees are 100 adolescents without parental care, 13-15 years old (N = 100). Markers of mental trouble of orphan children are analysed, the analysis of protective models of behavior of the teenagers who have endured ill treatment in a family is carried out. Typical destructive models of behavior of orphan children in crisis situations are revealed, their comparative characteristic is submitted. The wor...

The results of the survey of personal growth as creative major senior students’ moral development are presented. Methodological basis of the experiment to be cultural-historical conception of psyche development having allowed us to carry out the experiment in the delicate and active sphere of the student’s personality mental life to be moral choice was shown.

The aim of this research was to analyze and systematize complex data of qualitative research on purpose to determine substantial and peculiar traits of A.Alekseichik’s “Intensive Therapeutic Life (ITL)” method. Goals of research: 1) discuss A.Alekseichk‘s impact on (post)Soviet psychotherapy, 2) to present theoretical background and basic concepts of ITL, 3) to discern specific ways of therapist’s work during therapeutic process according to ITL. Paper is based on qualitative research which consist of analysis of ...

Car accidents represent a constant concern in the European Union. Romania ranks as fourth in the EU in terms of number of car accidents and fatalities. Young drivers’ high accident involvement is particularly worrisome, as they represent only a very small percentage of the overall population. Generally, it is considered that there are two main reasons for young drivers’ high accident involvement: the lack of experience and risk taking behaviors. These two aspects are especially involved in overtaking maneuvers of ...

Social projection is a ubiquitous phenomenon representing attribution of own beliefs and evaluations to others. In a between-subject experiment (N = 61) and a correlation study (N = 80) we tested whether social projection is susceptible to framing (original versus typical) and which individual characteristics predict its level or guide its occurrence. In this regard, we tested indicators of perceived similarity to a target group, need for uniqueness, socio-demographic parameters, cognitive reflection, open-minded ...

The people coordination in extreme situations involve correct communication form. Lot of deaf and hearing impared people are using lips reading or total communication TC as a main communication form. They prefer Virtual speaking head in extreme situations, as is crisis time as fire, flood, bombs, and different evacuation and as a communication form in high mountains, in caves and on lonely areas. A viseme is a representational unit used to classify speech sounds in the visual domain. A "viseme" describes the parti...

It is generally believed that the more the growing global competition makes it strategically important to continuous improvement for all types of organizations, therefore different methods are geared to develop continuous improvement in production processes (such as Total Quality Management or more recently, Six Sigma ): although all that there are few scientific studies on this topic. We consider continuous improvement performance of a worker as the behaviors of perfecting and enhancing in the job tasks. The pres...

The mediumistic art is a psychic phenomenon in which the subject appears to be possessed by an entity that guides the creation of an artwork. Until today it is preferred to classify this kind of creative performances as parapsychological or paranormal events calling them Channeling Phenomena. Through the study of some cases, we have analyzed the mediumistic art by a scientific point of view, classifying this psychic phenomenon as abnormal or anomalous manifestation of the human creativity, that in some neurophysio...

Anchoring effect, systematically influence by random and uninformative starting points, is robust. In a between - subject experiment (N = 199; groups: control, anchoring, with forewarning alone, in conjunction with overconfidence note) we placed the participants in a certain numerical information and then we attempt to diminish the impact of this number of judgments about various issues they did not suffer a knowledge about. The experimental questions were sorted according to the extraction of particular anchor (s...

Cooperation within organizations has been considered a key asset for organizational performance, effectiveness and overall success. The aim of the present research is to study the psychometric properties of the Organizational Cooperation Questionnaire in a sample of research team members. The innovation of this study is in assessing organizational cooperation in a sample which has not been widely researched. Given its distinctive characteristics of teamwork, goals interdependence and effort coordination, research ...

Politicians and political parties very often hire advertising specialists that serve like experts – consultants during pre-election campaigns creating the images that correspond to the demands of the electorate [4]. The aim of the research is to investigate the social representations of the politicians of Latvia about the ideal image of a politician. The research methods are method of association analysis and interview (partially structured). The research selection was made up of the Latvian politicians (N=114). O...

This study aimed to investigate whether perception toward coach’s resilience and coaching efficacy of coaches, as well as perceived sport’s masculinity play a role in predicting student athlete’s resilience. This study used a quantitative, predictive correlational design. The participants, as many as 201 student athletes (age of 18-23 years old), were taken using purposive sampling technique. Multiple linear regression analysis of survey questionnaire data showed that the perception toward coach’s resilience and p...

Now in the Russian and the world community the increased interest to the lie phenomenon is felt. It is confirmed by the number of scientific publications, popular books, the success of the television series "Lie to Me", and the discussion of this topic on the Internet. The twenty-first century is the information age, and its broadcasting holds the possibility of its distortion. In this regard the development of the protection mechanisms against the information distortion becomes more actual, both at intergroup, an...

The article is devoted to theoretical and empirical studying of a problem of a normative (humanistic) orientation of the identity of students and experts of helping professions. It contains data on degree of expressiveness of an altruistic orientation at teachers and students of a pedagogical profile also. It is revealed that high expressiveness of altruistic motives is characteristic for smaller number of future teachers (students) in comparison with acting teachers. It, in turn, confirms importance of creation o...

The increased interest in the religious fact and, consequently, in spirituality, has gradually led to a milder reserve regarding their introduction in the study of man’s “psychical” health from the perspective of psychology. Man is neither just a body nor just a soul, but a soul and a body at the same time, having bodily, psychic (related to the soul) and spiritual needs, which gives him a threefold dimension: somatic, psychic (of the soul) and spiritual. Therefore, man lives psychological states, yet his spiritua...

This study focuses on the Task-Technology Fit model (TTF) of Goodhue and Thomson that analyzes the match between user task needs and the available functionality of the IT in workplace. Our research wants to study if a good Task-Technology Fit improves the employee’s job satisfaction and IT use. Moreover our model suggests two new different antecedents of TTF: the perceived reliability of the IT and organizational collective efficacy. A sample of 505 Italian workers filled out a questionnaire. Partial least squares...

In our daily ophthalmological practice we often met psycho-emotional traits in our patients, associated by experience with glaucoma. This led us to assess the glaucoma patient’s behavior and personality compared to non-glaucomatous patients using a psychological personality psychometric instrument. The trial was performed on 80 glaucoma patients and 80 non-glaucomatous patients. We used the psychometric instrument NEO PI-R (The Revised Personality Inventory) to assess the personality profile in both groups. Glauco...

Decision making competencies belong to a broad group of general competencies. Relationships between decision making competencies and maximization tendency were investigated in a sample of 118 high school students. The Adult Decision-Making Competence was used to assess six decision making competencies and Maximization Scale to inspect maximization tendency and its three components. Multiple linear regression was used to predict maximization tendency. The entire model was found to be significant and almost all corr...

Space exploration and mapping and communication are crucial abilities of mobile robots for the intelligent autonomous systems. Space monitoring and correct results representing requires understanding communication method. The best form to represent the results form research simulations is the 3D visualization. The paper describes the communication form between pupil - robots and virtual pupil and developed tool for generation and communication art of warning messages by using the virtual speaking head.

The paper is devoted to the problem of studying the personal representations about safety as a component of worldview and a person’s activity regulator. The research purpose is to develop and verify a questionnaire that would be able to detect a person’s representations about safety. The study includes different methods of analyzing data: theoretical analysis, content-analysis, interview, testing, correlation analysis and factor analysis. Two hundred and four subjects, aged from 18 to 25, participated in the study...

The market segmentation tool is an additional methodology during the in-store field studies with psycho-physiological parameters. During the in-store measurements, it is frequently necessary to segment and profile participants. This methodology is based on the Limbic Type® system that performs segmentation according to the motivations of purchase decisions. Paper based questionnaire and the participants’ verbal feedback were used for the scales pilot testing (n=80). The final scales constructions were tested with ...

The report presents the results of a research aimed at identification of common dimensions of cognitive distortions. The research sample consisted of 336 respondents. Occurence of cognitive distortions was ob served with the help of 10 categories based on Becks Cognitive Theory [ 1]. Cognitive distortions were identified by means of daily records containing 10 pages per diary. The factor analysis generated four factors of cognitive distortions (selectiveelective-extrem e thinking thinking, personalizationersonaliz...