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TYPE-D PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL SUPPORT AS PREDICTORS OF BURNOUT IN HELPING PROFESSIONS
Abstract
Background: Personality predispositions play an important role in coping with stress, and therefore can be perceived as an important component in the prevention of burnout in the helping professions. Aim of this study was to examine relationships between risk and protective personal characteristics and burnout syndrome among helping professionals. In this context, social support is discussed in terms of protective effect against burnout. On the other hand, Type-D personality is considered as negative factor with regard to burnout and stress management competences. Methods: Research sample consisted of 80 professionals working in the field of education and health care (40 teachers and 40 nurses; 88,7\% females; average age 41.7, SD= 9.64). Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI, Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) and Type-D personality questionnaire (DS-14) were used for data collection. Mann- Whitney U test and Spearman correlation analysis were employed for data analysis. Results: Significant differences in burnout were found between participants with Type-D personality compared to participants who didn't show Type-D characteristics, with Type-D participants scoring higher in MBI questionnaire subscales: emotional exhaustion (U=382.50;p≤0.01) and personality accomplishment (U=476.50;p≤0.01). Higher social support scores were found to be associated with lower levels in depersonalization subscale (r=-0.27; p≤0.05) and personal accomplishment subscale of MBI (r=-0.32; p≤0.01). Conclusion: Present study suggests a significant relationship between personality traits and burnout. Type-D (characterized with often experiencing of negative emotions and social inhibition, both associated with a higher tendency to apply maladaptive coping strategies in stressful situations) was negatively associated with burnout levels among helping professionals. On the other hand, social support was showed to have a protective effect on burnout.
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