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MAN'S NEED FOR HEALING AND PSYCHIC DISORDERS
Abstract
In the context of the increased incidence of psychic disorders and of man's need for healing, three psychotherapy Schools were developed in Vienna: 1) Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalitic School, whose deterministic theory is related to the principle of pleasure and which, consequently, speaks about the will to pleasure; 2) Alfred Adler's Individual Psychology School, which refers to the will to power; and 3) Victor Frankl's Logotherapy School, underlining the will to meaning. Along with these Schools, the accent has lately fallen as well on the therapeutical method and technique specific of the Orthodoxy, called Orthodox psychotherapy. While the modern techniques endeavor to make an analytical investigation of the patient's psychic and, based on it, look for human solutions meant to equilibrate the psyche, in exchange, the Orthodox psychotherapy aims to settle man in a correct relation with the God of the Revelation, Jesus Christ. Making use of the methods of analysis and comparison, in this study are presented the Orthodox psychotherapy and logotherapy, the similarities and the differences between them, based on Frankl's motto, which states that the aim of psychotherapy, psychiatry and, in general, also of medicine is health, and the aim of religion is man's salvation.
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References21
Nicuşor Deciu, “Nevoia universală de terapie şi răspunsul Bisericii”, in Hierotheos Vlachos, Psihologia existenţialistă şi psihoterapia ortodoxă, translation from Greek, introduction and notes by Nicuşor Deciu, Editura Doxologia, Iaşi, RO, 2011, pp. 7, 8, 11.
See Assist. Prof. PhD Ion Croitoru, “Psychology and Spiritual Life. The Way from Psychological to Spiritual States”, in Psychology and Psychiatry, Sociology and Healthcare, Education, Conference Proceedings Volume I, Psychology and Psychiatry, Education and Educational Research, 1-10 September, Albena, BG, pp. 327-334, 2014.
See Archbishop Chrysostomos, A Guide to Orthodox Psychotherapy: The Science, Theology, and Spiritual Practice behind It and Its Clinical Applications, University Press of America, USA, 2006
Metropolitan of Nafpaktos Ierotheos, Orthodox Psychotherapy, Pelagia Monastery, GR, 2008.
See P. S. Richards & A. E. Bergin, A Spiritual Strategy for Counseling and Psychotherapy, DC: American Psychological Association, Washington, USA, 2005 (2nd ed.)
P. S. Richards, R. Keller & T. B. Smith, Religious and spiritual diversity in the practice of psychotherapy, in T. B. Smith (ed.), Practicing Multilculturalism: Affirming Diversity in Counseling and Psychology, Allyn&Bacon, Boston, USA, 2004, pp. 276-293.
Tony R. Young, Psychotherapy with Eastern Orthodox Christians, in Handbook of Psychotherapy and Religious Diversity, edited by P. Scott Richards and Allen E. Bergin, DC: American Psychological Association, Washington, USA, 1999, pp. 89-104.
Nicuşor Deciu, op. cit., pp. 13-14
Hierotheos Vlachos, Mitropolit de Nafpaktos, Psihologia existenţialistă..., pp. 118-121.
Viktor E. Frankl, Man’s Search for Meaning, Washington Square Press, Published by Pocket Books, New York, USA, ³1984, p. 120.
See idem, From Death-Camp to Existentialism, Beacon Press, Boston, USA, 1961
idem, Psychotherapy and Existentialism: Selected Papers on Logotherapy, Simon & Schuster, New York, USA, ⁴1967
idem, Unconscious God, Simon & Schuster, New York, USA, 1975
Hierotheos Vlachos, Mitropolit de Nafpaktos, op. cit., pp. 18, 26-29, 31-32, 34.
Ibidem, pp. 26, 36-37, 45-54, 56-62
Nicuşor Deciu, op. cit., pp. 14-15.
See Viktor E. Frankl, From Death-Camp to Existentialism, Beacon Press, Boston, USA, 1961.
See Assist. Prof. PhD Ion Croitoru, «Approaching suffering through the spiritual dimension of faith in God», Anthropology, Archaeology, History and Philosophy, Conference Proceedings, Anthropology, Archaeology, History, Philosophy, 1-10 September, Albena, BG, pp. 27-34, 2014.
Hierotheos Vlachos, Mitropolit de Nafpaktos, op. cit., pp. 66-67, 70-73
see also Viktor E. Frankl, The Doctor and the Soul. From Psychotherapy to Logotherapy, Random House, London, UK, ²1986.
Hierotheos Vlachos, Mitropolit de Nafpaktos, op. cit., pp. 104-105.
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