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This paper presents “second life” of abandoned Christian temples. It focuses on searching for modern methods of saving the architecture of temples from ruination and profanation, while ensuring its dignified transformation. It presents selected examples of full or partial reconstructions of the ruins of temples and interconfessional conversions in the last quarter of a century in Poland. Apart from a retrospective look at first post-war buildings of this type there are also latest author projects introduced. T...

Globalization is one of the major trends of todayВ’s world, and at the same time a challenge, not only to the tourism industry, but also to tourism education. The modern civilization model is focused on overcoming intercultural barriers, national, language and cultural boundaries, on integration of the best national cultural achievements. The aim of this paper is to discuss the necessity of building intercultural competence for the effective performance of tourism employees in a multicultural environment. The fact...

Intercultural competence is undoubtedly one of the most talked about elements of language teaching process, but the assessment of it isnВ’t without a problem. The range of tools and mechanisms of intercultural competence evaluation is wide, but the interactional and procedural character of this phenomenon makes it difficult to use them in real communication. Distance learning where virtual instruction replaces the face-to-face communication with a teacher creates a new educational arena. New educational scene requ...

A high priority task nowadays is to improve the quality and effectiveness of education. Systematic education on, consequent acquisition of and active identification with the philosophy of reducing waste production plays a crucial role as early as primary and lower secondary levels of education. One of the specific objectives of the project is to emphasize the interdisciplinary nature and the deep interconnection of sciences integrated into traditional school subjects. This paper aims to give information about the ...

Education and research today promote cross-sectoral cooperation and development. New possibilities and requirements for education and research are created by the use of modern laser-processing technologies. In order to facilitate interdisciplinary cooperation, it is necessary to focus on the research strategy in an interdisciplinary research process. The aim of the article is to evaluate the progress of interdisciplinary research activities, which is an essential part of the theoretical and empirical assessment of...

A high priority task nowadays is to improve the quality and effectiveness of education. Systematic education on, consequent acquisition of and active identification with the philosophy of reducing waste production plays a crucial role as early as primary and lower secondary levels of education. One of the specific objectives of the project is to emphasize the interdisciplinary nature and the deep interconnection of sciences integrated into traditional school subjects. This paper aims to give information about the ...

The article discusses the relevance of using the Intergenre Model of Scientific Text while teaching master students how to write primary genres in English. On the basis of the analysis of the Federal State Educational Standards for Higher Education in Russia the importance of teaching master students as research-oriented ones to write in English a scientific report and an abstract for a conference is emphasized. The characteristics of the primary scientific genres are given in the article while distinguishing betw...

As a result of globalization, the transfer of ownership to the hands of foreign firms, as a result of acquisitions and mergers, the accounting entity switches to other accounting systems. In the US, the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles accounting standard is used, the International Financial Reporting Standards accounting system is increasingly being promoted in Europe, and the Czech Accounting Standards are the most widely used in the Czech Republic. However, some Czech companies also keep IFRS accounting...

This article considers the attempt to examine and analyze factors which influence the process of choice and preference of this or that national language as lingua franca by the global community, explores reasons and situations favoring the genesis of the English language as the global language, draws as analogy with other languages, which in different periods of the human history played the role of the universal communication language. It is assumed that the international communication reveals itself as an extrali...

The increasing mobility of families across borders has given rise to a growth in the number of cases in family courts with a connecting factor to a foreign country and thus has become part of judgesВ’ and courtsВ’ daily practice. The recent trend in private international family law shows a decline of nationality, as the traditional connecting factor, and an increased consideration of habitual residence. This change of trend has resulted in the increased application of the 1980 Convention on the Civil Aspects of In...

International educational mobility is considered as a type of international movement that occurred as a result of globalization processes. The numbers of young people crossing the national borders for higher education continue to increase. Recent years have witnessed change in those countries which have traditionally been the main senders of overseas students. South Korea as one of the main student senders from East Asia demonstrates a geographical shift of student mobility. The article covers the top-destination ...

Foreign investment in the modern world is an incentive for the development of the economy and society. The sustainable development of economic systems requires periodic inflows of investment and capital. Investment is a tool for the development not only of enterprises but also of States. However, the process of development of investment activity in the world was quite difficult. States have chosen different methods regulation of investment activity. If we take into account the fact that a significant number of inv...

The aim of the article is to analyse the role and importance of international issues in shaping the program objectives and political activities of the national workers' party. This movement was created in 1920 by way of consolidation of previously functioning political, professional and social organizations. It took a centrist position on the Polish political scene of the interwar period. Being a democratic movement, it assessed the international situation from this perspective. The issue of Poland's security (esp...

Russia is a country with a high level of international migration. Due to the geographic location of the Far East, China and North Korea used to be the main donor countries for international migration, but in recent years, the international migration from CIS countries is developing. The present situation poses special challenges for the migration policy, including: the development of the labor market taking into account international migration, the reduction of social tension between the local population and inter...

Today society feels urgent need for the experts knowing one or several foreign languages both within daily communication and in the professional sphere in view of rapid process of globalization and informatization of society. Actively developing in the European countries the theory of content and language integrated learning (CLIL) and only starting its movement the process of integration of professional disciplines and foreign languages in Russian higher education is considered as a necessary condition for traini...

The issue of propaganda and its challenges goes hand in hand with development of new patterns for information consumption within society. Via digital media information cannot be filtrated, authorised or double-checked as in traditional media, but can be delivered directly to population, more than this, across the borders and even ignoring national legislation. In these circumstances propaganda has reshaped its outfit and widely used both for aggressive purposes (like hybrid-warfare tool - s.c.hard propaganda); and...

The purpose of the research is to evaluate the legal framework of virtual currency in various countries. The virtual currency or cryptocurrency is a cryptographically protected decentralized digital currency used as means of exchange. Due to development of new technologies and innovations, the rate of using of virtual currency is rapidly increasing throughout the globe, replacing not only cash payment and payments by bank transfer, but also electronic cash payments. Among the best-known representatives of cryptocu...

An essential part of European social policy is the children's and youth policy that should become a priority area for EU politicians. It must use the best tools for the fostering of the child and youth wellbeing. Interest in childrenВ’s well-being is increasing in Latvia and Europe, particularly in the field of science and at schools, e.g. schools are increasingly offered to participate in surveys concerning childrenВ’s and young peopleВ’s well-being. In order to improve the level of well-being of children and you...

This paper comes to present and highlight the works of three Romanian composers, who are or were professors at the Arts University "George Enescu" University, institution with 156 years of existence. It is about Sonante by Vasile Spatarelu, Invocations by Viorel Munteanu and Impressions from childhood composed by Bogdan Chirosca. All these works are recorded on the CD named The clarinet in the creation of composers from Iasi, [1]. In this scientific and artistic approach, we propose to present and decode three com...

In this study we propose to decode and to highlight the most important stylistic and interpretative landmarks of the Mannheim School, with emphasis on Concerto no. 1 for clarinet and orchestra, composed by Carl Stamitz. Carl Stamitz is considered the first composer which composed an impressive number of concerts for the clarinet – 11 concerts – with a special melodic quality and difficult technical problems for that time. However, little is known about his work. Alongside of the concerts no. 10 and 11, Concert...

The article investigates the pragmatic function of intonation in the context of intercultural business communication. The author deploys Speech Analyzer software to consider intonation contours produced by native English speakers (British, American, Canadian) and Russian businesspeople within the lecture register. The lecture register produced in native English speaking public discourse commonly features the following four contours: (1) High + Fall-Rise, (2) Low + Low-Rise, (3) Low + Fall+Rise, (4) Low + Low-Fall....

It is common knowledge that intonation is not laid over a ready text. On the contrary, intonation forms and accompanies the text on the level of its birth in the speakerВ’s mind. As a result, intonation plays one of the fundamental roles in the process of transferring a thought into external speech. Intonation structure can highlight the semantic significance of textual elements and become a ranging mark in understanding the information structure of the text. Intonation functions by means of prosodic characteristi...

Intra party democracy is of great importance for political parties worldwide for many reasons, perhaps one of the main significant one having to do with their capacities to build functional democracies in the contemporary world. There is a sufficient body of theoretical knowledge on intra party democracy in general. Besides this, much has been researched on intra party democracy around the world, but when it comes to the Republic of Macedonia researchers have barely “screeched the surface” of such a complex is...

When it comes to the political parties in the Republic of Macedonia, there is a general perception that they have a lacking of internal democracy. One might argue that too much authority is provided to the leader of the party as well as to the limited oligarchy of people surrounding him. Although in certain cases this perception is not in accordance with official party documents, the very fact that party leaderships rarely change in the Republic of Macedonia might be used as an additional argument by those who bel...

Symbol has always been an intrinsic part of a person. A personВ’s life is marked with symbols. In the past, this was directly reflected in the architecture and in the art of all religions. They have their special compensation in the temple and vice versa; the temple is a concrete manifestation of the function of a symbol. Thanks to them, art could manifest itself, could naturally pass from the level of aesthetics to the level of religion. One of the proofs to confirmate this thesis is an example of dome and iconos...

The article presents the current state of the research project which aims to integrate activities of members of the Faculty of Organization and Management, Silesian University of Technology, Zabrze, Poland, that are focused on the various problems associated with the idea of “Smart City”. The variety of research areas related to multi-screen research conducted by project participants has been treated as an important added value of the project in question. In the first part of the paper, the list of the areas c...

Currently, one of the main directions of Russian policy in the sphere of economic security and social and economic development of the territories is to ensure the sustainable development of the national financial system. The base for the development of the financial system is the corporate finance. The share of tax revenues of regional budgets in Russia is in the range of 70-85%, as shown by the analysis of the dynamics of revenues of the consolidated budget of the region. The share of tax revenues from the ten la...

The involvement of the creativity and the cultural values which are specific to the ethnicities living in the region of Oltenia, Romania, in the local economic development of the rural communities of Romania, regardless of the administrative unit they belong to, have faced, in the last years, issues of economic nature. The study of vines which comes in support of the remedy of this situation by searching solutions springing from the traditional culture and creativity of the ethnic communities. Starting from this i...

The article is focused on the issue of evolution of I. Capodistria`s role in Russian Office. The author uses a wide list of published and archival documents and analyzes the reasons Capodistria was invited to the Russian Office, the factors affecting his career growth and his role in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The author applies the method of analogy based on comparing Capodistria`s career and his russian contemporaries. The results of the study revealed that Capodistria was invited to the Russian Diplomatic...

The main question which the author of the report would like to answer is this: "Is a freelancer a man of the future of work?В». There are methodological difficulties in the study of freelancing. First, in determining the concept of "freelance". Second, when selecting principles and methods for quantifying the participating workers in a given form of employment. We will be able to overcome these difficulties only partially, using a comparative approach, historical method, analysis of statistical data and a systemat...

Background: Lublin is the economic and cultural capital of Eastern Poland, from ages being the bridge between western and eastern cultures of historical Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The golden era in the 16th century created even the Lublin Renaissance - an architectural style developed in the Lublin region of Poland. The current strategy of the city is summarised to be the “city of inspiration” – to build future with history and culture in mind. The primary goal of the paper is to explore the growth of...

The paper focuses on the examination of the relationship between firm size and firm growth for the companies in Slovakia during years 2009 – 2016. The aim of the article is to investigate the validity of Gibrat’s law (Law of proportionate effect), so if the firm growth is a stochastic process resulting from a lot of unobserved random variables and firm growth is independent of the firm size. For measuring company size, it was used three number of employees. This firm size indicator is most often used in studies...

Issue of personal identity, i.e. personal uniqueness of an individual in its dynamics, is widely discussed and has become interesting also for artistic literature in the 21st century. The authors of the paper in the introduction briefly clarify concept of identity from philosophical, sociological and psychological aspect. The essence of the paper is focused on analysis and interpretation of image-textual narration Boy without name by the writer Slavka LiptГЎkovГЎ and the illustrator Fero LiptГЎk. The authors exami...

The paper examines the issue of “two cultures” (natural science and humanities) in relation to the realities of contemporary education. The peculiarities of the humanities rationale are analyzed. The authors demonstrate that educational practices are based on incorrect assumptions regarding the correspondence between intellect and affect, the non-critical perception of which promotes an undesirable dissent between the two above mentioned cultures. The historical origins of the entrenchment of such assumptions ...

No successful economy can be implemented in closed mode in the contemporary globalized world. A view of an explosive development of the national IT technology the society is forced to transform itself from vertically-integrated model into horizontal model. The functions of state authorities change significantly, shifting from interim measures to a standard of quality services provision. The way of life of a contemporary person changes significantly; there is also a process of state borders blurring and stateВ’s fi...

An analysis of the contribution of the information technology industry in India showed that the country had found a profitable middle ground between science and economy, the share of the sector in the country's GDP structure is more than 10% in 2016/2017. On the other hand, the total contribution of information technologies, including the digital and mobile component of the Russian economy, amounted to 5.06% of GDP in 2017. Despite the economic stagnation, high-tech segments have continuing to develop and find new...

Informatization changes the world of the contemporary organizations. They seem more and more dependent on its information system infrastructure. On the one hand IT can increase the efficiency of the organizationВ’s management and improve general organizational efficiency, on the other hand it can cause the problems with the security of the information flow or generate risk of key data leak. In that context, IT reliability is considered as one of the critical factor required for modern organizationВ’s efficient and...

The paper focuses on the oldest known collection of recipes written in Romanian, namely an undated manuscript of an unknown author, elaborated in Wallachia. The authors of the text edition published in 1997 presumed that it was written at the court of the prince BrГ®ncoveanu. It is a singular work in its age as the next cookery book in Romanian is from 1842 and has a French model. The manuscript includes 293 recipes and it ends with advice on ink preparation, silvery cleaning, gun cleaning and gunpowder preparatio...

The Bucharest Municipality Pinacotheque is a project that was born through a successive chain of donations supported by a warm spirit of meditation and goodwill. The birth certificate is dated July 19, 1933 and has the signature of the Mayor of that period, Dem I. Dobrescu, which works by affiliation, together with the Municipal Museum, under the institutional trusteeship, as today, the Capital City Hall. Initially, the PinacothequeВ’s heritage consisted of numerous donations of art or movable property from the el...

The article deals with the problematics of origins and specificity of Russian anarchism. The authors prove that two central versions of Russian anarchism created by M.A. Bakunin and L.N. Tolstoy were dependent on J.G. FichteВ’s religious philosophy. The authors refute the idea that Russian philosophy was under strong influence of Hegelianism. It appears that Fichtean late philosophy was much more important source for the thinking of Russian anarchists. M.A. Bakunin is understood as the founder of the fichteonized ...

The article is devoted to the topical issue of the struggle between China and Japan for political and economic influence over the Korean peninsula in the modern era. After the division of Korea into two hostile states in the middle of 1950-s, the struggle of world powers for influence over the peninsula has not ceased for nearly 70 years. In recent decades, in addition to the traditional actors as the United States and Russia China which is rapidly gaining power has joined the struggle. In response to the ChinaВ’s...

The article addresses the problem of militarization in the East Asian region in the context of the unfolding crisis in Japan-China relations. Numerous territorial disputes between China and Japan and other countries in East Asia being divided into two hostile sides in the recent past, the complicated history of the last century along with innumerable military conflicts, the deficiency of effectively operating security organizations in this region, the inequality of economic development between countries, all these...

The main character of Jaroslav HasekВ’s The Good Soldier Svejk and His Fortunes during the World War has become one of the Czech legendary heroes. The article deals with the reception of the book abroad in connection to the English translation of the novel. At the beginning, it presents various opinions in the literary criticsВ’ dispute whether Svejk is a suitable representative of the Czech nation abroad. This section culminates by looking for answers to the question who Josef Svejk really is and how to character...

The Romanian Civil Code entered into force in 2011 has stipulated, inter alia, a unified regulation of the private law, in line with the similar provisions of European law. Although it represents the common law in matters related to companies, the legal provisions governing in detail the companies are found in the Companies Law. Thus, these provisions lay down the types of companies, as well as their functioning and management. The joint stock company may be managed differently, either in the unitary system or the...

This work based on Romantic literature reflects the image of Jozef Bem as a romantic hero and a symbol of Polish-Hungarian friendship. Comparing the progress of the national literatures of this epoch, mainly the Polish and Hungarian one, and conditions of their development leads us to their overall conjunction of the 19th Century. In our paper, we use sources from history and literature and we try to put Jozef BemВ’s person into right context of Hungarian revolution set in years 1848/1849 during governance of Habs...

In this paper the author deals with the practical analysis of the relationship between Administrative Law and Criminal Law and, on the other hand, between the Administrative Procedure and the Criminal Procedure within the legal system of the Republic of Macedonia. Although, Criminal Law and Administrative Law are fundamentally different from each other, according to the object and the manner of regulation, since Criminal Law includes legal norms that refer to criminal offense, the perpetrator, criminal liability, ...

The initial part of the article provides an overview of the constitutional and statutory bases of the institution of petition and the constitutional bases of the administration of justice in Poland. The author also presents the parliamentary procedure of considering petitions with a particular emphasis on the role of the Committee on Petitions in this regard. These considerations are followed by the analysis of five petitions submitted to the Sejm in the 8th term of office, which began on 12 November 2015, until 3...

We need to make decisions us throughout our lives. This skill is sometimes necessary even to survive, because our vigilance and behaviour in a crisis situation is the basic mechanism of natural selection. Human behaviour has been the subject of many studies and theories. The expected utility theory, assumes that if a person has a choice of profit x, which is certain and a more favourable option y, but burdened with risk, then he should choose the certain profit. Its usefulness is expected to be higher than the ris...

Considering that the adoption and usage of a functionally integrated information system represent significant aspects for increasing the performance of a hospital, this paper presents a series of relevant issues concerning this topic. The first section of the article outlines important particularities related to integrated information systems for hospitals such as the components of these systems, their basic functionalities and the advantages of using these systems in hospitals. The second part of the paper presen...

The current European and international concerns on economic growth are embracing the stimulation of innovation and research, by generating new knowledge to ensure the competitiveness of organizations regardless of type, size, and operating industry. The paper addressed the issue of innovation for sustainable economic growth and investigated main factors responsible for innovation potential within Romanian business sector. The research methodology envisaged statically analysis of data by highlighting the results of...