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TSKBM vigilance control system is designed to maintain locomotive drivers wakeful during work shift. The aim of our study was to assess the effectiveness of this system by simulating work conditions at night. The simulation was performed on 30 participant train drivers in a specialized training complex "Drivers compartment of EP1M locomotive”, which allowed to register operation errors; continuous video recording and electroencephalography were used as additional control. At the end of a simulated trip, participan...

In our study we are stressing the social function of land-art as a kind of protest going far beyond the professional land-art work and taking the form of bottom-up social movements. We have labelled this process Land, Society and Art – LSA. LSA is often a free, spontaneous movement against the losing of a memory of a place. The aim of LSA is to create common society symbols in the landscape; professional land-art installation is not the main purpose. A common issue with land-art is the element of protest. Protest ...

The aim of study was to find predictors of psychological critical thinking in university students. We have hypothesed that the main factors which could predict the level of critical psychological thinking will be cognitive competence, scientific thinking, learning approach, and academic achievement. As methods of data gathering were used the self-referencing techniques (Lawson’s test of psychological critical thinking, Magno’s scientific thinking inventory, Approaches to Studying Inventory developed by Tait, Entwi...

The linear assumption among globalization, international competitiveness, human capital and higher education makes many countries to undertake the expansion of higher education. However, this mission is mainly reliant upon the private sector because neo-liberalism, a core philosophy of globalization, has become a predominant ideology viewing a free market as the best model to improve efficiency and ensure service quality. Its advocates argue that public services cannot meet the diversified needs of people and the ...

Our paper aims at the analysis of the rapport between reading and interpretation for high-school teaching. It also involves the description of the interpreting mechanisms which affect the quality of the reading process and disturb the relationship between reader and text, instead of enabling a thorough understanding of the literary work. The aspects we will take into account are the following: a. the projection of a certain image of the author, b. the reading stereotypes and the standard interpretative frames, c. ...

Aging is one of the most amazing biological processes. There are more than 300 theories that try to explain the phenomenon of aging from biological but also social perspective. The most involved in this process are those that secrete hormones from the ovary (estradiol), from the testis (testosterone), from the adrenal (DHEA, cortisol) and from the pituitary gland (GH - growth hormone). This paper focuses on the study of endocrine changes of pituitary-adrenal axis as an indicator of biological aging under the influ...

This article serves as a contribution to better understanding of what is a modern Russian park for various stakeholders, how it is integrated into the urban ecosystem and what are the priorities for development of the parks. The article presents the results of a two-year study of 14 Parks of Culture and Leisure in Moscow, which was held both in summer and winter. In this research parks was considered in terms of their cultural, social and recreational functions from a position of ecosystem services. The study is b...

Increasing the level of media literacy of all age groups is one of the key competences emphasized not only by Slovak interior policy, but also that of the European Union. The objective of this paper is to call attention to the importance and the role of new media in media literacy education. Two specific groups are being examined – a group of children and youngsters as well as a group of seniors. In analyzing scientific literature, questionnaires and personal interviews, we were trying to determine what the import...

This paper deals with the issue of the social security of persons at risk of social exclusion in the form of providing social services. Health is one of the most valuable assets of each person. The good health of the individual is very important not only for people, but also for society as a whole. An unsatisfactory state of health of the population has a negative impact on the economy of the state. For this reason, the funds deposited into health treatment and healthcare of the state in question are an indispensa...

State of reproductive health of the population is the major aspect of the social and demographic development of the country which in many respects defines also the development level of the society as a whole. Without reliable and qualitative information about reproductive population health, first of all — women, without knowledge about their relation to the health, the birth of children, to family values, their estimate of maternity obstetric service it is impossible to pursue successful demographic policy. In 201...

Article 33 of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities specifically calls upon State Parties to establish a framework to monitor the implementation of the Convention. This paper is drawn out of a larger study that addresses the challenge of monitoring the Portuguese State compliance with the CRPD by conducting a holistic monitoring of the current status of disability law and policy, media representations and daily life experiences of persons with disabilities in Portugal. In this paper, we will...

The research aims at finding certain tendencies to language simplification in modern British society focusing on the changes in the official functional style (register). Lexical and syntactic peculiarities of the official document texts produced by three British social departments (Government Equalities Office, which is part of the Department for Culture, Media and Sport; Department of Health; Department for Education) are analyzed in the work. In order to evaluate the complexity of grammar in the texts addressing...

The aim of this paper was to describe the possible relationships between internet addictive behaviour, daily time of using the social networks and some variables about users (age, sense of real time, self-confidence in virtual environment and boredom susceptibility). The sample, comprising 306 slovak university students (102 males, 204 females), was divided into three age-groups (18-20 years, 21-23 years, 24 and more). The respondents were administered the questionnaire, consists of 20-item Internet Addiction Test...

The paper describes selected results of a longitudinal research study focusing on the changes in the attitudes of the students of the Faculty of Education, Palacky University, Olomouc (referred to as FE PU) to a wider educational reality. The research study was performed on a sample of 809 respondents. The respondents were students of the same fields of study in two consecutive stages in 2006/2007 (grade 1) and 2009/2010/2011/2012 (final grades). The aim of the first research stage was, using a simplified standard...

The process of the stratification of the mass audience which has driven quantitative changes in communication is described in this paper. The postmillennial age is the age of a new set of communication phenomena based on an eruption of information technologies that could not fail to trigger qualitative changes in mass communication. The essential fact here is the phenomenon of the trichotomic stratification of media audiences whereby the cellular audience and relationship-based (RB) media in particular represent t...

The development of modern education is a necessity for the development and modernization of the assessment system, and not just in terms of assessing student achievement, but also in relation to monitoring their development needs and specifying their progress. In this respect, descriptive assessment plays an important role because it allows evaluation of a large scale of student opportunities, abilities and accomplishments and gives recommendations for further progress of students. The question of descriptive asse...

Slovak health care represents one of the most problematic sectors. To this time, more respectively less complex large-scale reform didn?t make any significant positive changes, which brings for public policy makers a major challenge. In recent years, in Slovakia some health system settings became negative, which shifted the equilibrium of relationships in the system and significantly changed the motivation of actors. It also deepened the inefficiencies of healthcare using of resources. In the foreground of urgent ...

In this article author investigates significant problems and contradictions of institutionalization of the master’s degree in Russia. The author concluded that there are four main problems of that process: the insufficient level of preparedness of those who change their field of education by entering the master’s degree program, the contradiction between the content of master’s degree education and the requirements of employer, the problems of academy mobility, absence of regulations to the professional activity o...

The exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation cause oxidative stress translated by the appearance of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species), which contributes to disease occurrence. The chemical natural compounds, such as polyphenols, present an antioxidant activity and may be used in the inhibition of the oxidative stress generated by ROS. Also, they may be used as UV shield. The flowers soft extract of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. contents polyphenol compounds such as flavonoids and phenolcarboxylic acids and it has an antioxi...

The number of malignant diseases has been increasing worldwide. The situation in the Czech Republic is similar, seen from the epidemiologic perspective, as we rank among those countries with the highest incidence in Europe. Malignant disease is continually perceived as one of the most serious. It is difficult for patients to come to terms with the diagnosis of malignant disease and may trigger strong emotional reactions. If the patient suffers from a life-threatening disease, it poses a source of chronic stress. S...

Introduction of an information technology in educational process takes the increasing place in teaching not only natural-mathematical, but also humanitarian disciplines. Work on introduction of information and communication technologies (ICT) as means of an intensification of process of training in the HIGHER SCHOOL has been spent in Tomsk State University (TPU) since 2007. One of effective tools of students’ self-study in foreign language in higher technical school is an application of technologies Moodle. Availa...

All children have an important right to participate. This right is especially valuable for children in risk. Social workers have a responsibility to facilitate and secure this. However, participation is not an easy process and can be really challenging. Children can participate in many ways - in matters that affect them personally or those that relate to children in need or to all young citizens. This paper refers to research on all these aspects, drawing particularly on the views of the children themselves. While...

The paper summarizes the main results and findings concerning lifestyle limitations in persons with chronic illnesses. The research study had the following four objectives: the first objective was to design a specific quality-based methodology to identify lifestyle limitations in people with chronic illnesses. The second objective was to identify, analyse and describe lifestyle limitations in individuals suffering from chronic illnesses. The third objective was to demonstrate that the specific quality-based method...

Introduction: Health Education is a subject that became a part of the educational system in elementary schools in the Czech Republic after the introduction of the curricular reform, i.e. the introduction of the Framework educational programme for elementary education (FEP EE), which came into effect at the beginning of the school year of 2007/2008. The objective of the paper is to present the results of a research project called “Teaching Health Education in elementary schools in the Czech Republic”, specifically ...

The article provides an overview of recent trends in tuition of public service employees on advanced training courses. The situation in Russian economy and public administration is rapidly changing. Information and communication technologies are being implemented in all areas of state regulation. The development of technologies, growing impact of ICT and introduction of e-government led to necessity to improve public sector employees’ skills. The article reviews trends, federal laws, qualification requirements to ...

The highest quantity of cyanogen compounds in the environment results mainly from human activities (ore extraction, cleaning and hardening metals, galvanization etc). People with metabolic disorders in cyanide conversion to thiocyanide show a higher risk of intoxication with cyanogen substances. Some deficient diets may increase the risk to cyanide exposure. Thiocyanide, the main metabolite of cyanide, cause endemic goiter in humans and animals. In the studies, orally administrated cyanide and thiocyanide to rats,...

The article deals with problems of urban and rural population standards of living in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). This study aims at research of level of the general satisfaction by standards of living and exposure of the sphere of activity, defiant discomfort of urban people and villagers. The study used the following methods: questionnaire study of the quality of life of urban and rural population (K.E. Steinbach, Zhirkov O.G.), the method of "assessment of the level of satisfaction with quality of life" of N.E...

We live in a century where we are often assisted by a technique. Therefore less the work which need the physical efforts or force. People spent less time in the wild and children forgot outdoors or moving games. Many doctors believe that the most common diseases of our time are deficiency of movement [7]. The population of Estonia is the lack of physical activity: only about 10% of women and 15% of men aged 15-74 regularly engaged in active movement. It is known that a number of physically inactive people is incre...

Eligibility to work with the information and using of new media in a meaningful and efficient manner is part of a set of key competencies. These life skills are very important not only for young people, but also for all other groups of actors that are directly or indirectly involved in education and training. The dynamic development of the Internet and new technologies, as well as the time and expert complexity of the teaching profession, mean that teachers are not always able to keep up with their students. This ...

In the 21st century Romanian school teachers are more and more faced with the fact that pedagogical tools having stood the test of time now seem to fail in the context of continuous change of laws and standards in the educational field. Writing the program for the optional discipline means a challenge for them each year; they need competences in many areas of knowledge to fulfill the regulations of the new Law of Education (nr. 1/2011). The article presents the situation of the optional disciplines in urban area a...

Social marketing is a systematic planning process that imports methods and techniques from commercial marketing as a way to find innovative solutions to social problems and foster voluntary behavior change through active involvement. Still, in Romania, few scientists report its use and it is a pity for both professionals and potential beneficiaries not to engage in, and benefit from, the strategic framework it proposes. In order to bring social marketing closer to our communities, besides local practice examples, ...

During the years 1921-1925 in Moscow, as a consequence of the deep political and social changes brought by the October revolution, an original experiment took place thanks to Vera Schmidt, a pedagogist trained in psychoanalysis who intended to search for new educational ways for small children, based on recent findings and knowledge of S. Freud’s psychoanalytical theory . The purpose of this contribution is to provide a brief report about the development of psychoanalysis in Russia and about the foundation of the ...

The aim of this paper is to present the various aspects of the development of e-accessibility of public administration web portals for people with visual impairments in 2008 - 2013. During the six years we have tested a total of 822 web portals, including more than 150 portals that were evaluated at least 2 times. We found, that despite the overall improvement in the rating of accessibility of public administration, the development is in fact, stagnant. From the repeatedly evaluated portals, 41% had lower level of...

This article presents the results of the study of the ethnic identity as a component of the social identity of the Russian and Armenian school students. The study found that the majority of the teenagers of both nationalities have their ethnic identity formed, while in both samples the positive identity dominates, there is an ethnic indifference also. In comparison with the Armenian teenagers the Russian teenagers are characteristical to have a more positive attitude towards their own ethnic identity and readiness...

The working environment of police officers has “special conditions”. Female police officers serve under the same conditions as male police officers. Female police officers, performing their duties in the traditional male subculture, however, hold senior positions; work in operation support units and “analytical” units. Thus, female police officers have gained experience in a field heavily dominated by men, and they are ready to share such experience. Despite this, many issues including the peculiarities of “a woma...

Background It is still a challenge for physicians and researchers to identify the patients at risk, to make an early diagnosis and to do a correct monitoring for the progress of periodontitis. According to the research literature, Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the first line of oral mucosal defense against bacterial invasion, including periodontitis. Also, 8-Hidroxy-2-Deoxy Guanosine (8-OHdG) is a result of DNA modification suffered by the attack of free radicals resulted from the oxidative stress processes in periodo...

Kazimierz Twardowski (1866–1938) – a Polish philosopher and psychologist – was a founder of the internationally famous Lviv-Warsaw School. Having studied under the supervision of Franz Brentano, he both improved the level of Lviv University and educated many well known philosophers and psychologists of both sexes at that university. The three main factors of private nature decided on his pro-women attitude; first, his friendships with women in the early age; second, the happy marriage he created with Kazimiera Twa...

The nature of each person as wise and free being is endowed with potential based on mind, free will and moral consciousness to evolve through the process of knowledge creation and innovation and introduction of innovative forms of learning. Man in it self absorbed nature of his existence that life in reality and only then design fully conscious and individual, which is in a position to create his own mind through the process of knowledge. Only man in that situation would be able to have their own elevated sense of...

This research aims at clarifying the relation between students’ personality types and their environmental awareness. Study was conducted on the departments of engineering students (N=137) at Istanbul Arel University. According to the research findings, there are strong relationships between students’ personality types and their choices. In this study, the questionnaire for the academic students have been provided, applied and consequently, the conscience level of awareness of the subject has been researched and so...

The paper describes the mission of universities and colleges in general. Furthermore, their roles and relationships to the region and institutions in the region in which they operate, the importance of universities in the development of Europe and its European regions. Universities can have a great impact on regional development in terms of employment, expenditures and other economic factors, education, social and cultural function. The author point to the importance of relations between universities and business....

Background: Perinatal loss is the death of an infant during pregnancy or soon thereafter. A suitable approach to the parents with perinatal loss from the health professionals is essential. Parents need help and support. The aim of the study was to identify and analyze specific nursing / midwifery interventions to meet the special needs of women / parents related to perinatal loss and grief in a particular hospital in Slovakia. Methods: The sample consisted of 17 midwives employed at Louis Pasteur University Hospit...

Family with its shape, structure and relationships affects the overall development of the child. Numerous studies suggest that different aspects of the negative family dynamics (e.g. frequent conflicts and aggression between family members and poor marital and parental functioning) are associated with behavioural problems of young people, particularly with anti-social behaviour, drug abuse, high-risk sexual activities of children and school failure. In this study method of analysis of documentation and survey meth...

This paper deals with regional media and their status in the media field. The fundamental problems of media regionality are being analyzed from the point of view of a specialized social discourse related to the status, importance and the further perspectives of local and regional media in the international context. We are trying to answer the question of how to explicitly define the concepts of local and regional in mass media communication. Our study resulted in the trichotomic stratification of the mass audience...

Background Satureja caerulea is an endemic aromatic plant of the Satureja genus, Lamiaceae family, related with species of Thymus and Rosemary, used in ethnopharmacological practice for its curative effects. This study aims to assess the antioxidant properties of hydroalcoholic total plant extract (40%) of Satureja caerulea herba by assessing the tisular level of malonildialdehyde measured in the skin graft of Wistar rats. Material and methods The plant material was harvested from Dobrogea area in August 2013. Eig...

After the series of ECJ judgments which were dealing with healthcare services, it is the Elchinov judgment which gave the summary of all relevant ECJ healthcare case-law and introduced the provisions of the Patients? Rights Directive. The first generation of judgments where ECJ ruled within the question of the definition of healthcare services (Luisi and Carbone case, Grogan case) was followed by the ECJ judgments in cases dealing with the patients asking for the reimbursement of costs from the Member State of aff...

The article discusses the phenomenon of discrimination based on appearance. Theoretical and experimental work of Russian and foreign researchers devoted to such varieties of discrimination as: lookism, ageism, discrimination based on weight (fat / slim) (weightism), discrimination on the rise (highism) and others, most of them comes from mass media. Provides empirical evidence for studying various aspects of discrimination in appearance. Analyzed interview of 170 women in two age groups: conventionally called "you...

This paper describes the use of a factor analysis to verify the factor structure of the semantic differential for measuring university students’ attitudes in various sociocultural environments. Specifically, the study focuses on the attitudes of students from Palacky University, Olomouc and students from the University of Rzeszow towards concepts related to their pre-graduate teacher training. The semantic differential method is a relatively frequent method used to measure attitudes in the Czech Republic and abroa...

Positive educational discrimination measures arose as a way to overcome the effects produced by the meritocratic principle of equal access opportunities, but not of equal success opportunities. Education and Training Courses launched in 2002 school year in Portugal are an example of this kind of educational policy measures. They aim at fighting school failure and dropout, allowing insertion into active life. Based on an online survey answered by 356 youngsters attending these courses an analysis of their social an...

International migration is one of the manifestations of globalization processes. International migration has an influence not only on a country of origin but also on a receiving country. In Slovakia, there is not a big number of migrants, about 1% of the whole Slovak population are migrants. We carried out a research on opinions and actual issues connected with migrations among adult population of the Slovak Republic and here we present our results. The fieldwork phase of nationwide representative research was rea...

The article presents the functioning of an e-office in Katowice as evaluated by the disabled. Investigations were carried out on a sample of 60 disabled people who were clients of the analysed e-office. The aim of the study was to determine what kinds of communication were most frequently used by the disabled. The analysis took into consideration personal visits in the office, the use of e-mails, internet communicator, telephone, letters and the e-administration system. The conducted research revealed that the dis...