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The aim of the present study is to assess the relations between both subjective (e.g. traumatic fear, perceived threat to one’s life) and objective trauma appraisal (e.g. number of days of hospitalization, number of deaths, physical wounds) and posttraumatic stress (PTSD) symptoms in victims of road traffic accidents (RTA). Furthermore, we wanted to identify the moderating role of traffic locus of control (T-LOC) (internal and external T-LOC) in the relations between objective and subjective trauma appraisal and P...

The article is devoted to the research of personal traits and motivation of students of a college of art (organizational and performing activities). The method of the empirical study was a psychological test (Aspiration Index questionnaire by T. Kasser, R.Ryan; test of creativity by N.F. Vishnjakova, The Traits Personality Questionnaire 5 (TPQue5)). The study was held in Novosibirsk Region College of Culture and Art. The sample includes 78 students of directing (students-directors) and choreographic (students-danc...

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in all the Central European countries. Some patients undergo a cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation and their postoperative adaptation is influenced by various psychosocial factors. The aim of the research was to examine the impact of sense of coherence, positive mental health and selected personal characteristics on postoperative adaptation defined as the length of postoperative hospitalization combined with postoperative quality of life. To explor...

Students' school burnout can be referred to structured by Maslach [1] [2], firing planes regarding not only the interpersonal sphere but also the organizational sphere. In the case of pupils, organizational factors may be big classes, lack of individualization of education, lack of ability to organize time devoted to learning at home and other. One of the important factors causing student burnout is their perception of the school environment [3]. Class and school climate perception is important for a sense of secu...

One of the most important tasks of psychological support of the child in the educational space is to create the most comfortable conditions for effective education and development. Particularly relevant is the problem of creating a favorable, psychologically safe environment. All researchers of the phenomenon of safety emphasize the significance of the characteristics of the communication process as a condition that may contain threats to a safe environment. Also, the quality of interpersonal relations impacts the...

These days the development of civilizational social relations makes the problem of modern civil society formation ever more acute. Civil society nowadays should be perceived as an area of personal development and self-expression of free citizens, including self-realization of young people. Civil identity, being part of the value-based motivational component of a personality, is responsible for successful self-realization of young people – future specialists of various specializations. Students preparing to become ...

The study of subjective well-being of Russian and Chinese students appears relevant, firstly, because of an individual’s pursuit of inner harmony, which becomes ever more important in the modern multi-cultured society where the number of contacts between people of different ethnic backgrounds is constantly increasing, and the societal demands for individuals are growing. Secondly, the relevance of the study is accentuated by the growing dynamism of Russian-Chinese relations, showcased by high student mobility that...

The main aim of the research is to raise awareness of some of the most intractable eating disorders of the last two centuries – anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. In accordance with this aim in mind, the following sub-aims were also pursued by the authors: 1) to highlight the most typical feature of both diseases, 2) to compare them with a view to establishing convergent and subevent features, 3) to track some of the possible causes and consequences of these disorders, 4) to suggest possible treatment, 5) to pu...

The role of human behavior in traffic accidents is widely recognized. Previous studies sustain the associations between dysfunctions cognitions and some forms of maladaptive driving behaviors. The present study investigated how three types of dysfunctional driving cognitions (accident, panic, and social cognitions) are related to four classes of aberrant driving behavior (errors, lapses, ordinary, and aggressive violations). We also investigated the differences between drivers who drive daily and those who drive w...

with and without oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) was examined considering their social-emotional competence (SEC). The main aim of the study was to investigate the mediating role of children SEC in the relationship between externalizing / internalizing problems and the presence of ODD. Methods: The population included a Hungarian minority group of children (N = 560, male = 50.7%), ages between 10-15 years (M = 12.13, SD = .93), and children’s parents and teachers. In the final analysis the number of the partic...

Background: Infertility is consistently associated with reduced quality of life. This brings about a negative impact on emotional, social, and physical functioning. Moreover, the infertile individual is often faced with feelings of resentment, anxiety, uncertainty, or grief. So far, various psychological interventions have validated their effects on the psychological functioning of infertile participants, yet very few creative-expressive techniques have been documented. Accordingly, art therapeutic interventions t...

Modern studies show that today’s education is focused on the development of the personality of a student. This is due to the fact that at the moment the most important aspect in the process of receiving knowledge is learning the methods of it, which are based on analysis and forecasting. This is guided by the educational process for the development of probabilistic style of thinking that all adequate solutions in the conditions of limited information, and when the decision-making process itself is based on the pro...

holistic system in psychology, where motivation, metacognition, learning skills and regulation of internal (e.g. concentration) and external resources (e.g. time) are evenly important in the prediction of academic success in university. Objective: To study the predictors of self-regulated learning (learning skills, motivation and resource regulation) in academic performance among STEMM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics and Medicine), respectively non-STEMM undergraduates (N= 106). Method: The study wa...

When we think about why the use of positive psychology should lead to increasing resilience in pupils and students, the possible answer is that positive psychology also focuses on methods for increasing personal well-being, which is an important factor in personal resilience. The key issue in positive education is the fact that resilience can be taught and practised. Improving one’s well-being leads to improving one’s learning. The article provides an outline of how to use positive psychology in education. We lay ...

Family relationships are related to their coherence, ability to solve everyday problems and challenging situations. However, the family has internal and external circumstances that affect the relationships between its members. Gender stereotypes and a number of other circumstances can also weaken the coherence of these relationships in the daily confrontation with a child's handicap. The paper provides an overview of these circumstances that may affect the quality of family relationships. Data collection and evalu...

Objectives: In the present study some predicting factors of externalizing and internalizing problems were examined as children’s emotion regulation strategies. The main aim of the research was to investigate the relationship between emotion regulation strategies -as cognitive reappraisal (CR) and expressive suppression (EP)-, and behavioral problems in the case of youngsters. Methods: A Hungarian minority group of children from Transylvania were selected. The children (N = 227; male = 53.3%) completed the Emotion ...

Cardiovascular patients comprise more than a half of Czech in-patients. Some patients need a surgical intervention and their recovery is affected by various psychosocial factors. The aim of this research was to examine the influence of Big Five personality traits and health-related behaviour on postoperative adaptation, which was defined as the length of postoperative hospitalization and postoperative quality of life. To explore the above relationships, the BFI-10 personality inventory, the Health-Related Behaviou...

The article discusses the importance of attachment (emotional bond) for the healthy development of personality. It expresses a permanent emotional bond, characterised by the need to seek and maintain proximity with a particular person, especially under stressful conditions. This person is usually perceived as wiser and stronger and cannot be easily replaced with another person. Protection is considered to be one of the basic biological functions, one of the conditions of survival and healthy development of an indi...

Participation in competitions is strongly connected to students’ academic achievement, the highly performing students usually participate in competitions. Social environmental factors, such as the extent of social support, which can derive from the family members, parents, friends, or the family’s social economic status, can also influence students’ participation in competitions. The aim of our study was to find out which are those key components, that particularly determine students to attend competitions, social...

Participation in competitions has numerous advantages on students’ psychological characteristics. Beyond the attractive rewards, attending competitions contribute to the development of social, cognitive skills and to the refining of metacognitive skills. Participation in contests promote the transformation of metacognitive skills: planning, time management, self-monitoring and evaluation of performance. The aim of the current study is the investigation of differences between metacognitive skills of students attend...

The goal of this study is the consolidation and generalization of the body of theoretical analysis of empirical research studying the correlation between subjective well-being and mindfulness, demonstrating the effectiveness of mindfulness-boosting methods in raising the level of life satisfaction. The factual basis of the present study is physiological in nature and showcases the great variety of forms, types, determinants and factors of the subject matter. Methodology: analysis, comparison and verification of a ...

Background: Child abuse and lack of emotional support experienced in childhood or even adolescents has long term costs affecting the capacity to fulfill life. Objective: The principal goal of this article was to study the extent to which the consequences of different forms of abuse are reflected in youth subjectively evaluated happiness and satisfaction with life. Method: Data were drawn from a large-scale, national representative longitudinal sample of 3524 senior high school students, who reported on their child...

Introduction: Literature suggests that both Assessment and Locomotion regulatory modes are important in one’s general goal-directed behavior and in academic performance in higher education. Objective: The analysis of regulatory mode preference predictive power in Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics and Medicine (STEMM), respectively non-STEMM field related academic performance in undergraduates. Method: Our study had a correlational design. We applied the Regulatory Mode Questionnaire (Kruglanski et. al....

Background: Abuse experienced in childhood including physical and emotional neglect, has been identified as a major risk factor for a variety of negative outcomes for mental and physical health. Objective: We aimed to find out whether history of family violence experienced in childhood and adolescents predicts affective disorders in Romanian youth assessed by depression, anxiety (GAD) and risk for suicide. Method: Data were drawn from a large-scale, national representative sample of 1497 young adults (Mean Age 21,...

Background: It has long been proved that relationship quality is positively linked to overall physical health as well as longevity. Thus, understanding the role of the individual food preferences related to the couples functioning is important for creating tailored strategies to promote both individual and couple’s healthy eating behavior. The purpose of this study was to identify the role of the sensory liking for a food within the dyadic adjustment. Methods: Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) was used for assessment ...

All projects in different sectors are unique, but the information technology industry is a prosperous and growing sector of all developing countries, which is mainly based on projects [1]. The purpose of the work is to investigate the quality of working life of IT project managers in Riga, causes of job related stress and influencing factor and to find out what strategies for stress management are used and also, develop proposals for major IT companies to improve the quality of life of IT project managers and over...

Coping with demanding situations is a regular part of managerial work. In this context, demanding situations are perceived by managers as either unpleasant or as a starting ramp for their career growth. The paper presents the results of an experimental research project on human capital development on the basis of increasing the efficiency of resolving difficult situations. The experimental group underwent a specific preparation, whereas the control group did not. The experiment was conducted on a research sample o...

Object recognition involves processes that activate conscious interpretation of the visual field. Such processes are influenced by previous knowledge and experience. However, previous studies report interesting results, which draw out gender asymmetry in visual perception tasks performance, claimed to occur as a reason of biological differences, other findings attribute this difference to socio-cultural factors, as a result of semantic interpretation due to difference of environment. To test this assumption, the a...

Background. Due to globalization and rapid economic changes the job insecurity is becoming more and more common for the contemporary labor market in most countries. There are many investigations devoted to the consequences of an job insecurity for individual and organization in the international scientific literature. But there is still little research on this theme in the Russian context. So, the aim of our study is to fill this gap. In our previous studies (Chuykova, Sotnikova, 2016); (Chuykova, 2018) we found t...

Background: The Internet has become an integral part of the young people’s daily life where the network is used not only as an information resource, but also as a medium of communication, and entertainment. The possibilities of social virtual reality influence the perception of oneself, the attitude towards oneself as a person. The purpose of research is to study the characteristics of students’ self-relation in relation to the characteristics of network activity and attitudes towards using the Internet. Practical...

The article follows an investigation conducted last year at the Department of Toxicological Rehabilitation of the Psychiatric Hospital in Kromeriz and the Detoxication Department of the Military Hospital in Olomouc. It focuses on evaluation during the process of drama-therapeutic intervention in persons with a drug addiction, and on cover-up strategies in the evaluation process. The material from the original investigation and the subsequent content of the evaluation are evaluating statements of clients.

This article deals with methodological issues related to the use of psychometric and non-psychometric approaches to the study of the core factors in the structure of giftedness (intellect, creativity, motivation). Based on the analysis of the results of existing foreign and national scientific research in this area, the main achievements and limitations of each approach are outlined. The methodology of the pilot research to identify the potentially gifted children among 473 adolescents and senior school students o...

Several studies approached the work-family relation in a positive manner, considering that performing multiple simultaneous roles is beneficial, determining the accumulation of benefits, the recovery of individual resources through compensation/buffering effects (in the case of a poor performance in one role), the enrichment of personality and the growth of self-esteem; still, most studies approach the work-family relation in terms of role conflict [1]. The main objective of this research was to analyse the predic...

Theoretical framework. The paper touches on the problem of distinctions in metaphorical representations about people with similar and different ethnocultural appearances as representations of various ethnic "images of the world". The objective of this research is comparative analysis of metaphors of "friends" and "aliens" having different ethnocultural appearances in members of the same ethnocultural group. The subject of this research was metaphors of "friends" and "aliens" having the Slavic, the Caucasian and th...

The present paper focuses on the perception of residential social workers of their own readiness to accompany dying persons in residential social services in the Czech Republic. The pilot study uses a qualitative strategy carried out in a selected retirement home (semi-structured interviews with 9 employees, coding, categorization and thematic analysis). Based on the analysis and interpretation of the results the following 5 areas were defined: (1) Feelings and experience with death; (2) Accompanying; (3) Communic...

Communication is a key element in all the interactions of a couple. In addition to conversation and dialogue, the intrinsic laws of real communication reveal similar or opposite personality structures, show reciprocity in some acceptances, decisions, trust in the partner’s capacities, but also dysfunctional interventions, disproportionate expectations and motivations, in certain couples or families. In a couple or a family in its entirety, communication can complicate interaction, due to the communication style di...

This work based on Romantic literature reflects the image of Jozef Bem as a romantic hero and a symbol of Polish-Hungarian friendship. Comparing the progress of the national literatures of this epoch, mainly the Polish and Hungarian one, and conditions of their development leads us to their overall conjunction of the 19th Century. In our paper, we use sources from history and literature and we try to put Jozef Bem’s person into right context of Hungarian revolution set in years 1848/1849 during governance of Habsb...

At present, the family institution is undergoing changes: new forms of marriage are being formed; the number of divorces is increasing. Matrimonial relations are dynamic, but the success of family life and the satisfaction of spouses with marriage are directly related to peculiarities of their interaction. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of marriage satisfaction with the character of interpersonal relations of spouses in their youth, and to create a model of relations to predict satisfac...

The works of European painting and their illustrative motifs in a symbolic, sensational or realistic way show the image of many cities. Their authors wanted to immortalize not only their topography, but he also made a perfect cross-section through the social layers inhabiting a selected city over the centuries. Almost every big city is divided into a well-kept center with parks, pavements, meeting places of the intellectual elite and the outskirts inhabited by poor people, sick people and homeless people. The city...

The purpose of this article is to present the results of the revealed interrelationships between personality factors and motivation for achievement in persons with neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders. The revealed regularities were examined for each group: Neurasthenia (F-48); Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (F-42); Undifferentiated somatoform disorder (F-45.1); Hypochondriacal Disorder (F-45.20; Dissociative Conversion Disorder (F-44) and Mixed Anxiety and Depression Disorder (F-41.2). The research sa...

Objectives: Measuring children’s social and emotional competences is very important in order to develop adequate preventions and interventions. In this study the translation and adaptation of the Social-Emotional Competence Questionnaire (SECQ) at a Hungarian population was examined. The main aim of the study was to analyze the factor structure and psychometric properties of the SECQ in a Hungarian sample from Transylvania, Romania. Methods: The questionnaire was filled out by secondary school students (N=560). Pa...

Background. Sensorimotor alalia (SMA) is regarded as a specific Russian-language term but it has no analogs in neurology and neuropsychology. It is a disorder of impressive and expressive speech development at the early stages without the previous period of normal speech development according to ICD-10. The term SLI (specific language impairment) reflects other types of speech disorders. It is an urgent question if SMA is more closely connected with the disorders of programming, regulation and control functions th...

In the Czech Republic, the report / diagnostic conclusion of doctors on a severe illness or disability of their child is reported annually to several thousands of parents of minors. This issue, i.e. communicating the so-called Bad Breaking News, has been given more attention in recent years. The paper brings partial results from an extensive research to evaluate the process of communicating unfavourable health reports from the point of view of respondents – parents of a child's patient. The survey was conducted in...

The aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between career adaptability and satisfaction in the case of psychology students. We were particularly curious about the differences between distance learning and full-time learning students. Based on previous findings, the first hypothesis is that career adaptability will correlate positively with satisfaction (career satisfaction and satisfaction with life) in the whole sample. We also want to investigate the dissimilarities between the two groups (dista...

“Perceived age” is the result of perception of a person's appearance representing the age of a perception object ascribed by a perception subject. Explosion of interest to the analysis of the factors of a person's perceived age is observed in the modern science, because the perceived age of a person is directly related to the biological age of such a person and is an indicator of mortality risk [1, 2]. Researchers studied genetic, ecological, and medical-and-esthetic factors effecting the perceived age of a person...

Wisdom relates to experienced difficult life situations from which one comes out as someone capable of sharing the learned and experienced lessons with other people and able to help other people based on his or her previous experience. Wisdom tops people’s list of values and desired personality traits. In psychotherapy, acquiring wisdom is one of the most desired objectives. In development psychology, achieving wisdom is considered to be the peak of maturation. Wisdom is related to feeling good or bad. Wisdom affe...

As we read in the Prologue of Nikos Kazantzakis’ Saviors of God: “We come from a dark abyss, we end in a dark abyss, and we call the luminous interval life. As soon as we are born the return begins, at once the setting forth and the coming back, we die in every moment…But as soon as we are born, we begin to struggle, to create, to compose, to turn matter into life, we are born in every moment”[1]. The above excerpt taken from Kazantzakis’ early work resonates with an omnipresent leitmotif of his novels where we fi...

In modern philosophical and psychological works alchemy is present as a phenomenon the essence of which is mysterious and incomprehensible. Alchemy and the philosopher's stone today in society is perceived as Magnum ign?tum (the Great Unknown). The subject of the work. Depending on the approach, the subject is determined and interpreted. The subject of this work is the legend of the 13th century alchemist Raymond Lully and his lover Ambrosia de Castello. The aim is to establish the transformational structure of th...

The aim of this article is to analyze the cultural resources of Bulgarian entrepreneurship through the dominant value orientations in this socio-professional group, using the Schwartz Value Survey (Schwartz, 2006, 2008). According to this model, the value system on cultural level is described by seven universal value orientations: embeddedness, autonomy (intellectual and affective), hierarchy, egalitarianism, harmony, and mastery. The relationship between these values reflects three basic contradictions (alternati...

The article presents the results of research connected with the implementation of pain, anxiety and depression scales and questionnaires in patients with low and high levels of alexithymia (AT). Patients with high level of alexithymia experience difficulties working with psychometric instruments, which are used in the process of diagnosis in diseases associated with pain syndromes, anxiety disorders and dizziness. So, the comparative research of questionnaires and scales informativity for non-alexithymic and alexi...