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This article discusses important aspects of the interaction of language and culture, emphasizes the role of artistic expression in the education and upbringing of the younger generation, the negative trends can be traced in the functioning of the Russian language and makes suggestions to improve the current system of literary education in the direction of its synthesis with the objectives of educating the younger generation. The authors come to the conclusion that the teaching of the Russian language, focusing on ...

The article is devoted to gender analysis of lexemes meaning ‘a man’ on the material of Tatar proverbs. Axiological characteristics of a man’s image studied on the basis of physiological (features of appearance, age characteristics), psychological (personality traits, intellectual abilities, relationships between man and woman) and status and role characteristics (behavioral characteristics, family relations, social status, property condition). The study of gender stereotypes from linguocultural point of view reve...

The paper aims to analyze discourse as the creation and organization of the segments of a language above as well as below the sentence. It is segments of language, which may be bigger or smaller than a single sentence but the adduced meaning is always beyond the sentence. The term discourse applies to both spoken and written language, in fact to any sample of language used for any purpose. Any series of speech events or any combination of sentences in written form wherein successive sentences or utterances hang to...

The word-building methods lying behind the formation of brand names are thoroughly researched. However, little is known about the word-formation potential of the trade marks themselves though the phenomenon may significantly contribute to the study of neologisms and the ways that help to enrich the vocabulary. This work is devoted to studying the peculiarities of word formation processes occurring on the basis of word trade marks in the English language. The author studies composition, affixation and conversion as...

The fixed phrase scheme of the modern German language «Wie + AF (?)!» is of great importance for the communication practice, because the use of this scheme in spoken speech increases the efficiency of the communicative process, giving it a natural and relaxed character. It has been established that this scheme is capable of expressing different meanings: «statement», «negation» and «negative evaluation». The spe?ific character of its signified element is the combination of dictum and modus propositions. This phras...

The article deals with the concept of keywords from the position of an associative approach. This concept is widely used in professional scientific and educational activities. The definition of the key words of the text is a prerequisite for the preparation of a scientific work for publication, as well as one of the stages in the teaching of philological analysis of the text. In this regard, it becomes urgent to identify what is meant by the term "keywords" in the professional activities of a philologist. We belie...

Background information The article studies one of the key pragmatic goals of professional communication – influencing the addressee – by considering French and English precedent phenomena consequential to the target audience. Advertising as a goal-oriented speech effort is becoming an increasingly popular object of humanitarian research. The inextricable connection of language and culture has recently become the focus of renewed interest, and in this context of professional communication studies, precedent phenome...

Emotions were always at the heart of the primary nominations. Not a single word was born without a person's emotions. The linguistic aspect of emotionality has become an integral part of scientific research in various fields of knowledge (philosophy, psychology, linguistics, medicine, psycholinguistics, etc.). The ancient Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle described the world of emotions. The problem of realization of the emotional function of the Arabic language was reflected in the works of medieval philolog...

The aim of the paper is to describe and compare different approaches in lexical semantics and to find out which of them can be used to study semantic features that are necessary for a speaker and a listener while processing spoken word. We group the methods that can be used in semantic research according to three criteria:1) what aspects are in focus of a research: here we compare the studies of the relations between different concepts (such as a word association experiment) and the studies of the components of co...

Caucasus is a land of various languages, but the Republic of Dagestan often called a ‘mountain of languages’ is especially endowed with them. This ‘mountain’ consists, first of all, of languages spoken by the indigenous population. Among them is the language under the present research, Avar. It is an ancient language which has not been studied deep enough (as well as the history of Avars) and needs a detailed linguistic characterization. In contrast, the French language which has a larger number of speakers has be...

Referring to the knowledge and deepening in the plastic art, besides the growing artistic talent manifested in the field of creation, it can be undoubtedly asserted that a remarkable contribution to it has been and still is its art amateurs - the collectors, that have shown their passion, first in their own interest or for personal pleasure, as they later realized, that plastic art and valuable artistic creations must be given to the public. In interwar Romania, collectors have morally awarded their status and hav...

Classical African and Asian studies consider the text as the core and the main object of scholar research and take into consideration both the socio-historical context that influenced its formation and the content of the document under consideration. In the case of Arabic scholars deal with a linguistic continuum that has existed for more than 14 centuries. The system of the Arabic script existed as early as in the sixth century AD. The codification of the Qur??n played a crucial role in the evolution of the Arabi...

Being aware of and accepting the fact that English is Language No. 1 in the present world, we can come to the conclusion that this reality can be used and relied upon in the process of teaching other foreign languages. Languages cannot be taught in an isolated way - experience with language learning and teaching results in the establishment of so called "interlanguage". The experience gained through the earlier process of learning the mother tongue and a foreign language (or foreign languages) can support and/or n...

Locative constructions describe various aspects of event’s positioning in the three-dimensional space according to the concrete place of its accomplishment, in particular Earth. This type of location is usually considered to be weekly connected with the characteristics of the event in question. However, this specification is highly important for the semantic interpretation of the text as well as understanding the whole structure of the situation. In the prepositional system of Russian there are many items oriented...

In recent times, in the context of the contemporary anthropocentric linguistics, when the study of the pragmatic aspect of the language system functioning becomes particularly relevant, many linguists turned to an issue of particles that are the universal explicators of the semantic and pragmatic meanings (refer to works of A. Wierzbicka, T.M. Nikolaeva, I.M. Boguslavskiy and others). Despite very active and rather fruitful studying of particles, that for a long time had remained on the periphery of research inter...

The Bucharest Pinacotheque collection preserves 2500 paintings created by Romanian and European artists, more or less known to the public. In this context, the article presents the results of a research that aimed at offering a clearer image of Art Nouveau expressions in Romanian painting, under the influences of the late 19th century European artistic vision. Although the Art Nouveau movement in Romanian fine arts has been little embraced and researched, some audacious examples are still preserved, painted by the...

In today's world, animals play an important role in people's lives. They become friends of people, a source of joy and happiness for children and adults, a cure for loneliness for the elderly. The way of thinking of peoples is diverse due to national specifics, which is reflected in the diversity of figurative meanings of the vocabulary related to the names of animals [1]. This agenda is what the article is devoted to. Knowledge of the specifics of the associative-figurative meanings of the vocabulary of a certain...

The dialogue between Cultural Heritage and design practices is a recent theme in academic studies, the connection with fashion design practices seems to be still in exploration. In this regard, the paper is based on the desire to create wearable objects that are representative of Made in Italy values, which encourage the activation, the interaction and the emergence of new relationships between individuals and cultural heritage, exploiting the potential of digital technologies. The designed wearable products were ...

Due to fast development of new technologies, to emerging of new products and to discoveries being done in different spheres of life, any language experiences its getting enlarged. All these factors cause positive changes in expansion of a language where a lot of specialized words appear which fix and transmit the knowledge contained in those achievements. To express that knowledge different terminological units representing many phenomena of a lot of scientific areas are used. It is known that specialized words ar...

The results of a study into communicative failures typical of a foreigner’s written speech are presented in this paper. Among numerous barriers hindering the process of communication in a foreign language (in our case the Russian language), those barriers which impede further development of communicative exchange and sometimes render it almost impossible, are of particular interest in this study. The goal of a specialist in teaching methods is developing a technology for the identification of communicative failure...

The article offers the brief review of the long term English-Russian relations identifying the first target audience of the Russian language learning, the purpose of it, the methods of learning being used and the tools of the Russian language promotion. The attention is focused on the role of commercial and economic relations of Russia and England / Great Britain in promotion of the Russian language on the territory of Great Britain which are regarded as one of leading motivational drivers for the Russian language...

Ambiguity is inherent to everyday human communication. It implies that there are two distinct senses assigned to one acoustic form. This research aims to contribute to an integrated interdisciplinary theory of ambiguity as a cognitive phenomenon and identify conceptual mechanisms underlying it. To this end, a variety of empirical and theoretical research methods, including referential analysis (understood in a broader sense as referring to a particular cognitive context used for disambiguation) are employed for th...

Speech culture is as a complex unity of communicative qualities, normative, ethical and aesthetic tendencies existing in a particular culture. Phonetic culture is a complex unity of knowledge of communication tactics, rules of functioning sounding speech units in different communicative situations, as well as the ability to use acoustic, articulatory, rhythmic, melodic, accentuating, temporal means, modal and emotional specifics etc. to create the necessary communicative effect in the communicative process. Curren...

In this work, we applied sociocultural and statistical approaches to perform analysis of the words "dream", "disappointment" and their cognates in Russian, English and German. The electronic library Google Books and defining dictionaries were used as study material. First, we studied and compared dictionary meanings of words “dream” and “disappointment” and then analysed and interpreted frequency of use of these words and their cognates in different years. As for the English language, frequency of the word “dream”...

The introduction of the theory of conceptual metaphor (G. Lakoff, M. Johnson 1980) marked a new stage in metaphorology development, the distinctive feature of which is the use of the methods of cognitive science and discursive and corpus analyses. One of the top-ical issues of contemporary science is the study of metaphor in different kinds of discourse (political, media, medical, pedagogical, etc.) in different national and socio-cultural variants of the language. This research discusses functioning of metaphors ...

The article deals with the analysis of the inventories of the Royal Alcázar in Madrid. These inventories (1666, 1686, 1700) were first published by Yves Bottineau in the French journal The Spanish Bulletin in 1958. Yves Bottineau was also the first to study and comment on the inventories. In particular, he identified the items from the inventories with those preserved till today. However, the inventories still hold a great amount of information which has not been studied until now. For example, the inventories can...

The investigation belongs to a sphere of cognitive linguistics, which we would call ‘contrastive comparison’. The actuality and relevance of our work is determined by the growing interest of linguists to shape the conceptualization of signs and phenomena in verbal thinking of various cultures’ representatives. One of the most effective methods of conceptualization is the verbalization of the character and appearance of a person, his emotions and certain abstract phenomena using names of plants and vegetables. Lexi...

The methodology of teaching Romanian to foreign students involves countless aspects of both classical and modern approaches. In this type of teaching approach one must take into consideration certain effective and subtle stratagems in order to make the learning difficulties of lexical and morpho-syntactic structures of the Romanian language more accessible to the foreign students. That is why it is good to know that learning is efficient if it starts from the understanding of the notions taught or existing in diff...

The article deals with the precedent name "Napoleon" which is regarded as an element of historical memory, a national cultural code. The aim of the work is the semantic-cognitive modeling of this precedent name in a comparative aspect. Analyzing different contexts containing the name "Napoleon" / "Napoléon" we apply methodologies of semantic cognitive modeling, supplemented with contextual and statistical analysis. The analysis revealed a semantic-cognitive model of the precedent name "Napoleon" / "Napoléon" funct...

Museum exhibition not only display objects, it tells the stories behind them, brings the ideas and concepts which were the source of their creation. The fundamental aspect of museum exhibitions is to create a space where the process of interpretation and conferring of a meaning will occur as an essential “content” of the museum. Therefore the overriding aim of this paper is to provide specific example of the role of museum exhibition in the process of constructing historical knowledge, based on the uniqueness of c...

The paper presents a part of a research project which is aimed at the creation of corpus-driven semantic field of the concept of "empire" in Russian, English and Czech languages. The result will be a lexical semantic net (thesaurus) with frequency characteristics and usage examples for lexical units. This paper presents results of automatic creation of the semantic field in Russian. Achievement of the goal is provided with the solution of a number of tasks, in particular, the corpus research of semantic relations ...

The article describes the study conducted with the intention to facilitate the development of learners’ speaking skills through test-taking strategies while teaching English to energy engineering students at Surgut State University (Russia). This study specifically determined the methods to improve students’ language competence in general and their speaking skills in particular. The research indicated that there is a significant difference in the level of English language competence and speaking skills of the stud...

The article presents the results of a study of using precedent units as a frequency type of evaluative statements in modern Russian media discourse. An analysis is made of the functional features of precedent units as evaluating tools applied to modern Russian media texts. In this work, the following research methods were used: descriptive analysis, continuous sampling, contextual analysis and structural-component analysis. The descriptive-analytical method, including observation, comparison, generalization and in...

This article analyses the sustainability of legislation providing the developments of the Estonian national language and foreign languages. The model for content analysis designed by the authors is based on the AGIL paradigm or AGIL model by Talcott Parsons, which states that the continuity of a social system requires the balance performance between four components of the system: adaptation (A), goal attainment (G), integration (I) and latent pattern maintenance (L) or values. Our results demonstrate that the Stra...

The objective of the work is the application of contrastive approach in teaching English pronunciation for Slovak learners. As the global character of English language is strengthened every day, the only knowledge of English grammar and vocabulary is not sufficient as the importance of being able to lead an intelligible and practical communication plays a vital role as well. Therefore, at finding out some of the useful ways we can make an improvement in terms of teaching and learning pronunciation in English lesso...

Today the requirements of Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education demands educational process modernization. The question of content projecting based on activity approach attracts attention of both national scientists (L.N. Ananyev, L.S. Vigotsky, V.V. Davydov, V.S. Lazarev, L.N. Nosova, D.B. Elkonin) and foreign ones too (Ph. Barker, Jac. Neale, A.R. Putnam, L. Shulman). The present study overviews these basic ideas suggested by scholars on the subject of the approach implementation into educationa...

Mass media is the most expanded means of communication nowadays. For decades mass media has been actively working out the strategies to influence the recipient’s mind. In this research the author makes efforts to make a survey of what appears to be the most efficient, acute and widely practiced expressive stylistic means applicable in the media. The key word here is expressiveness since it reflects the speaker's attitude to the events and forms the pragmatic value of the text. As modern psycholinguists believe, ef...

Distinctive prosodic features of spontaneous and read-aloud speech are difficult to determine due to several degrees of spontaneity, individual speaking styles, and a variety of emotional states, registers, and communicative situations. Nevertheless, scientists have been making a number of attempts in pursuit of this goal. The article presents the results of comparative analysis of spontaneous and read-aloud speech, obtained on identical material, characterized by neutral pronunciation style – from the perspective...

This paper discusses bilingualism in early and pre-school age. Considering that the world has become a global village and a multicultural community, bilingualism in general and especially in the young population, is a unique phenomenon, and as such it is increasingly subject to the interest of many linguists, sociolinguists, psychologists and other professionals (including school and kindergarten teachers). In this paper we discuss the various definitions of bilingualism and the very process of becoming a bilingua...

The research objective is to identify culturally significant information behind semantics of the adjective ‘self-sufficient’, which denotes one of the important properties of a human personality in Russian linguoculture against the background of Swedish one. To achieve this goal, definitions of explanatory dictionaries of Russian and Swedish, as well as illustrative contexts of this adjective usage in materials of national corpora of these two languages were analyzed, a questionnaire was developed and a survey of ...

The relevance of the presented research is determined by the value of written coherent speech for the decision of communicative tasks in society, the place that this speech occupies in school education, the influence of the study of speech capabilities of stu-dents to make managerial educational decisions. The purpose of this study is to charac-terize the subject content of written statements connected pupils eleven to fifteen years. The main approach to achieving this goal is a comparative analysis of one-dimensi...

Spontaneous speech is perceptually different from its read-aloud speaking mode variant. The question is: What particular prosodic features make this difference possible? A number of attempts have been made to identify the role of certain prosodic parameters in differentiating spontaneous from read-aloud speech. This paper presents the results of a comparative perceptual analysis of spontaneous and read-aloud speech, obtained on identical material, characterized by neutral pronunciation style. Spontaneous speech (m...

Speech portraying of political figures is a popular research area of modern Russian linguistics (??????? 2007, ????????? 2012, ???????? 2016, ??????? 2012, ?????? 2014, ????? 2016, ???????? 2009, etc). Normally, the scholar’s attention is focused on the discourse of national leaders – kings, presidents, prime-ministers, etc. Meanwhile, the political figures of a lower status (for instance, governors or city mayors) may also be of great scientific interest from the perspective of their communicative behaviour and i...

The Internet has become a very important source of information for users (students, researchers, general public, etc.) and commercial enterprises. This propulsion of data is related to the diversity of information demands and the need for versatile knowledge. Access to digital data via web services is facilitated by search tools. Following a user request, the search engine has a long list of bibliographic references and web pages. The efficient selection of relevant documents is very difficult given the low accura...

The article is devoted to the study of the creative potential of the Russian word-formation system. The aim of the research is to determine the functional and pragmatic significance of the word-forming resources of the Russian language by studying word-building neonominations as expressive signs, which are vivid expressive means in advertising texts. The object of this study is word-building occasionalisms as a reflection of creative word-making activity in the communicative space of advertising. The material of t...

In recent years, some Russian scientific journals have noted that the interest in texts and literature written in the language of the metropolis is becoming more and more topical in foreign (i.e., English-language) linguistics, and the scientific interest in the so-called 'Contact Literature' is growing as well. A well-known American scientist of Indian origin, the author of the term 'contact literature' Braj B. Kachru writes: "Language changes as a result of the contact of languages are not limited to grammar, vo...

This article is devoted to the empirical confirmation or refutation of an intuitively obvious assumption that more frequent words retain the inflectional type well, while less frequent words tend to change under the influence of analogy. This situation was confirmed in similar works during the study of verb unification process with an irregular declension in English and German: it was proved that the more frequent an irregular verb is, the more time it takes for it to transform into a regular one. However, the Rus...

The object of the research is the comparative study of French and Russian idiomatic phrases. The study of idiomatic phrases in the process of learning a foreign language is an important element in learning this language. Idioms are one of the ways not just to learn foreign languages, particularly French, but to understand samples of expressive speech that contributes to broaden the mind. The article presents the lexical-semantic analysis of idioms of French and Russian and explores the similarities and differences...

The article deals with the specificity of space model in the language world view of a religious person from the position of cognitive linguistic in light of anthropocentric approach. The study is based on the materials of canonical prayer texts from the Bible and modern prayers. As a type of text, a prayer embodies the essence of religion: relationship between the individual and God. It also reflects view points and values of religious society orientations in its concentrated form. Methodology of studying includes...

The study deals with the cognitive approach to investigation of conceptual metaphors in speeches of American presidents. According to G. Lakoff, conceptual metaphors are cognitive mechanisms that structure the perception of socio-political reality in the minds of population. Conceptual metaphors, used by a particular president, form the scope of key concepts crucial to balancing negative and positive in minds of people. Investigation of these mechanisms within a considerable period of time provided new data for co...