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This paper aims to investigate borrowings among Latin-based L1 learners of English as a foreign language analyzing the interference of L1 and positive transfer of Italian and Spanish so as to provide significant empirical evidence which could contribute to SLA research and identify potential implications for L2 pedagogy. The focus of this investigation is to help move opinions on borrowings or L1 transfer from superficial to detailed and analytical insight into a specific group of EFL learners. The stimulus for th...

The aim of this paper is to investigate whether educational apps that utilize Artificial Intelligence can help students with specific learning difficulties to facilitate English language learning. The interest for this research stems from our experiences in teaching English as foreign language in learning environments where students, particularly those with learning impairments, manifested several difficulties during the acquisition process, therefore we conducted this investigation in order to explore whether AI ...

The purpose of this article is to research to what extent teachers of English as role models could exert influence on the process through which Italian undergraduate students tend to attribute their success in learning English as a foreign language. The trigger for this investigation comes from articles of TESOL that we read when we were studying for the MA in Applied Linguistics in the UK. This study was conducted at the University of Malta and the data gathering process consists of a quantitative approach throug...

This paper investigates the role and evolution of Anglicisms in Romanian intelligence discourse, focusing on their linguistic adaptation and operational significance. The research is grounded in a lexicographic project initiated with the publication of a bilingual English–Romanian intelligence dictionary and currently expanded through the development of a second, annotated dictionary offering semantic, contextual, and functional explanations. These resources serve as both corpus and analytical framework for identi...

The study analyzes television advertising discourse in Slovakia from the perspective of pragmalinguistics. The theoretical framework draws on and further advances previous research on advertising discourse. The advertisements are subjected to content analysis and narrative discourse analysis. The aim of these analyses is to reveal the occurrence and frequency of indirect nominations, which are strategically employed within advertising discourse. The advertising language plan includes functional collocations, which...

This paper explores the profound and enduring influence of the Bible in the development of modern phraseology in the German, English, and Macedonian languages. As one of the most translated and influential texts in human history, the Bible has shaped not only religious and moral thought but also the idiomatic and metaphorical structures of European languages. Through comparative linguistic and cultural analysis, the study identifies and interprets biblical idioms and phraseological units that remain present in con...

The research is aimed at analyzing some special features of transformations in the translation of the titles of authentic scientific articles in the field of ecology. The research methodology includes analysis and synthesis when working with research literature, a method of classification and systematization when working with a corpus of examples, a descriptive method when considering the principles of using translation transformations. As a result of the research, the features of the title as a structural element...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of AI in translation, particularly in the context of machine-translated texts and the differences between HT and MT. The focus of this investigation is to discover whether this software can compete with the skills of professional translators and eventually replace them. The trigger comes mainly from articles on machine translation vs human translation that I read to have a broader view of this topic. Artificial intelligence seems to have revolutionized machine tr...

Following the discontinuance of funding of the Croatian national term base – Struna (http://struna.ihjj.hr/) in 2019. we initiated the development of a new methodology for creating terminological collections independent of field experts' input for the initial terminological data. A possible solution to our problem of finding a compact and robust source for generating information in the early stages of processing terminology (the ‘raw definitions’) in various domains could be found in the publicly available AI lang...

The purpose of this paper is to discover whether digital video games can be effective EFL learning tools for Italian high school students, in particular if they can facilitate their retention of vocabulary and the development of listening comprehension skill. The stimulus for this research comes from the reading of academic articles on the usefulness of using commercial games for EFL learning which we analyzed before undertaking this study in order to have a broader view of this topic. The literature review descri...

In Romania, soon-to-be-graduates who aim at joining the corporate world are expected to master English for professional communication in order to make an impact on the hiring committee when they enter the increasingly competitive international labour market. Indisputably, communication skills are in high demand nowadays, in addition to some other essential soft skills such as critical thinking, motivation, mindful listening, empathy or flexibility, among others, which can improve job prospects. ESP students, in ge...

The purpose of this paper is to discover whether Dogme ELT can efficiently lead Italian high school EFL students to develop oral fluency within the classroom, in particular if this approach is valid for General English (GE) adult intermediate classes in Italian private and state institutions. The stimulus for this research comes from the reading of academic articles on effective strategies in order to develop speaking skills and fluency in EFL learning which have been analyzed before undertaking this study in orde...

Any specialized terminology is a living organism which constantly adapts to current requirements of accurate communication. Indisputably, breakthroughs in science and technology greatly impact languages all over the world, leading to the coining of new words and syntagms which complement the terminological heritage. Contrary to younger terminologies, such as the recently created field of AI, medical terminology has a long and rich history, which started when the Greek and Roman civilizations had reached their fame...

The article considers a multidimensional phenomenon - verbal aggression, which includes social, political, psychological components. Mass media form a culture of relationships, influence behavior and intelligence of any society. They also shape public opinion by manipulating consciousness of the audience with a whole arsenal of linguistic means, one of which is verbal aggression. The paper considers the reasons for the appearance of this phenomenon in the language media, its interpretations, and forms of expressio...

The study explores the role of emojis as nonverbal cues in conflict resolution and misunderstanding prevention in online communication on Reddit as indicators of speech aggression. Employing a mixed-methods approach and conducting both quantitative and qualitative analyses, the research investigates the frequency and patterns of emoji use in conflict and non-conflict threads, as well as their impact on conversation tone and outcomes. Findings reveal that positive emotion emojis, gesture emojis, and sarcasm/humor/i...

The article discusses the complex character of manipulative potential of stylistic devices in English and Italian fashion advertisements. By conducting semantic analysis, it was found out that positive and negative connotations, denotative and connotative meanings have a certain persuasive effect on the audience. Materials consist of 250 fashion advertisements in English and 250 in Italian derived from Vogue, Elle and Cosmopolitan online magazines issued September 2022-January 2023. The work relies on descriptive ...

English for Specific Purposes (ESP) can employ a wide variety of teaching approaches and methodologies in order to meet the learners’ specific needs. Job interviews simulations have been successfully used for the past few years as an end-course examination of our ESP students. One of the main objectives of this activity is to enhance their professional communication skills, which encompasses a complex skill set, focussing on increasing their self-confidence and self-esteem at the same time. In addition to improvin...

The research addresses the possibility of using storytelling in developing abilities and skills of bilingual children. The ability of children to read and listen with understanding in several languages is reflected in a positive sense in the development of their personality and language characteristics. In our research, we monitored the enlargement of a vocabulary range in different languages, the use of symbolic elements of speech compared to their age, and the use of other language devices on a research sample o...

This study aims to identify and assess the manipulative potential of language used in corporate culture through an analysis of female employees' speech in Canadian and British advertising agencies. By addressing this research gap, the study seeks to answer the question of how gender influences the use of manipulative strategies in advertising. To investigate this question, the study employs a comparative research design, complemented by a qualitative analysis of the findings. The research material includes busines...

The article discusses the the complex character of Chinese advertising slogans in the light of linguocognitive approach. It is considered of vital importance to conduct (1) semiotic analysis to find out the amount of monosemiotic and polysemiotic slogans, with denotative or/and connotative meanings; (2) pragmatic analysis to identify illocutionary acts, according to which the slogans can be classified as promising, having emotional and evaluative influences, informing and stimulating; (3) the analysis of cultural ...

The present paper deals with one of the world’s most pressing problems, climate change or, more realistically put “climate crisis”, debated at the conference known as COP26 that took place at Glasgow, at the beginning of November, 2021. This global summit (also referred to as the “planet saving” summit) attended by 200 countries was seen as crucial if climate change is to be brought under control. Opening this conference, the British Prime Minister at that time, Boris Johnson, said the world is “at one minute to m...

Like the rest of Central Europe, Slovakia has been a multicultural and multilingual society for centuries. Although Slovak is recognized as the official language, there are many other languages spoken in the country. Due to historical reasons, the largest minority communities are Hungarian, Roma, Czech and Rusyn, but the number of bilingual and multilingual speakers varies according to the region, with the highest concentration in Western and Eastern Slovakia. In contemporary Slovakia, bilingualism and multilingua...

The conceptual basis of the article includes descriptions, characteristics and relationships between all aspects of reflection. The aim of the work is to present the evolution, structure and learning of language since the evolution of the human species, already of a genetic order, then became cultural, therefore teachable. Culture, through the changes offered by education to intentional learning, is the engine of man's changes and evolution. From language as a biological moment of adaptation we have moved on to an...

The article deals with the manipulative potential of speech means of English business discourse in the media space. The study is a relevant topic, since the concept of business media discourse as a separate type of discourse has not yet been singled out. The material of the study comprised the public speeches of businessmen, commercial staff and economists for the period of 2021-2023. The authors resort to the method of functional discourse analysis, which substantiates the selection of speech means by a communica...

In this article we propose a new perspective of the concept of localisation that may be envisaged as a stage in the process of translating musicology texts. While most scholars have approached the concept and employed the term within the GILT paradigm [2] [3] [10], we believe this new perspective of localisation does not conflict with or diminish its current status. On the contrary, a potential semantic broadening may even help to distinguish it from other terms such as “adaptation” or “translation” [2] [8]. Thus,...

This article reveals the links between second language learning and the development of global citizenship in pre-school education. A review of educational policy documents shows that global citizenship education is defined as a democratic and sustainable education focused on the development of competences of a global citizen. It emphasises the importance of global citizenship in the education of the pre-school child, since from this point onwards, the child becomes familiar with his/her surroundings, not only loca...

Background: Phraseology is a result of the life knowledge, folk wisdom of entire generations. It is a part of the spirit and material culture of each nation. As scientific discipline research idioms, which represents specific type of established vocabulary characterized by expressiveness, imagery and stability. Idioms have an irreplaceable place during adoption of communicative language competence, especially within its sociocultural and semantic field. Ignorance of idioms could lead to misunderstandings or incomp...

Cultural competence of interpreters (understanding and explaining different cultural settings during interpreting) can be improved by the study of cultural similarities and cultural differences. Nowadays, English is one of the most frequent foreign languages to interpret from/into in Slovakia. That is why we decided to describe manners of communication and summarize significant non-verbal (and marginally verbal) characteristics of the selected English-speaking countries – the United Kingdom, the United States and ...

Non-verbal elements of communication are part of every interpersonal communication. This also applies to the interpreting process. We can see non-verbal elements mainly in consecutive interpreting, in which the speaker, interpreter and listener form the so-called trichotomy (they are in the same place at the same time. The situation in simultaneous interpreting is different because the interpreter is usually ‘invisible’ in the booth). The subject of this article is the influence of paraverbal system on the quality...

The article deals with the study of ethnography in the scope of the linguistic landscape analysis. In the modern world of superdiversity and globalization people are surrounded by multiple linguistic tokens which are usually encoded. Any single sign in the public area becomes substantial research material that we can analyse in order to observe the interaction between linguistic and societal processes. According to Landry and Bourhis (1997), language use in the public sphere can show how various factors of ethnic,...

The purpose of the presented research was to analyse conversational exchanges between the speakers (protagonists) in a novel. The main objective was to revisit the conception of interpersonal rhetoric [9], illustrate its explanatory value and reveal particular practices of speakers that point to their specific communicative intentions and ambitions. The method used can be best described as pragmatic analysis designed within the analytical toolkit of interpersonal rhetoric. This method enabled the exploration of sp...

This article introduces the issue of machine translation, its basic concepts and principles. It explains the principles and approaches to post-editing, which is still an integral part of machine translation (MT) process. Although the quality of machine translation is still improving, MT outputs are not flawless. Machine translation is designed to help translators with their work – it provides them with rough translations and, afterwards, mistakes and discrepancies are corrected by translators or post-editors. MT o...

The most recent global health crisis caused by Coronavirus spread reshaped our daily lives very quickly. Our languages were no exception in terms of change. New words and expressions started to appear in many languages along with the increased use of less usual words and expressions. This phenomenon provides an opportunity to research the limitations and the possibilities of our languages, in the line of previous studies. The objective of this study is to measure the impact of COVID-19 situation on both the Hungar...

Nowadays when the European Union faces some daunting challenges, with Brexit and the COVID-19 pandemic merely being some of them, the research of the means and ways of its image structuring in British media is of a particular interest taking into consideration some historical reasons as well. The online versions of the published materials of the British periodicals (2017-2020) as well as some news sites, dedicated to the assessment of modern state of the EU, its future and its relationship with the United Kingdom ...

The article is devoted to the analysis of the names for headwear as a part of the national costume of the Mordvins. The name of one headdress can be surely reconstructed to Proto-Mordvin. There is a large number of Turkic and Russian borrowings as well as its own derivatives in the Mordvin (Erz’a and Moksha languages). Thus, at the Proto-Mordvin level we can securely reconstruct two types of headdresses: pa?go ’women’s headdress’ and the early Turkic borrowing pat’s’a ‘headscarf’. There are several separate Turkic...

The purpose of this study was to examine language representation methods of natural disasters and to find the strategies of how English-language media resources describe life-threatening situations. The study was conducted using discourse analysis (DA), conceptual metaphor theory. We used different approaches to discourse analysis (linguistic approach, sociolinguistic approach, philosophical approach). The research analyzed a set of texts about natural disasters found in American, British, Indian and Australian qu...

The concept of enantiosemy as a semantic category of language is investigated in this article. It has long been noted by scientists that the opposite knowledge can be expressed at the level of a sentence. The article discusses some interrogative sentences with enantiosemy meaning in the German language, which have a certain inconsistency in form and content. An additional circumstance potentially predisposing the syntactic constructions to rethinking the original meaning to the opposite is the asymmetry feature of...

The article under review presents a comparative study of the key features of ecological discourse (ED). The theme of ED is as vital linguistically as it is urgent environmentally. ED presents a complex phenomenon of speech and communication distinguished by a peculiar social and linguistic context. Applying the techniques of discourse analysis the article juxtaposes features of ED as they are manifested in narrative [ND] and media discourse [MD]. The undertaken analysis involves the comparison of participants, pla...

The article studies linguistic representation of the theme of love in the works of Carol Ann Duffy, whose poems can be considered a bright example of national literary language. About 30 poetic works were analyzed; several subtopics were distinguished in the field. The theme of love is manifested in poems with the help of numerous images and associations such as hope, dream and recovery. On the one hand, love is accompanied with the images of nature and carefree childhood. On the other hand, love is connected with...

Scientific and technological progress brought to life a completely new means of communication that combines the functions of the phone with its ability to communicate in real time and a telegram with its written summary form, providing cost-effective communication at any time and from anywhere in the world. The Internet as an information and communication environment is used as a tool for communication and cognition. Language becomes not only a means of communication, but also a means of creating a virtual reality...

With a dizzying array of options, personalities and events in the modern world journalists seek new ways of catching the attention of potential readers and forming their opinion. Along with other stylistic devices, simile is frequently used for multiple purposes in journalism. The main aim of the research is to determine the objectives authors pursue when employing simile in political newspaper articles. The paper draws the line between the notions of logical comparison, simile and metaphor. The research is conduc...

Current trends in applied linguistics research point to the importance of uncertainty tolerance i.e. low personal need for structure because it affects the development of communicative skills and linguistic self-confidence. In this study, we investigate the correlation of successful performance in German language with the low personal need for structure. Low personal need for structure represents one of the learning styles, the ability of an individual to tolerate ambiguity, the ability to work independently with ...

The objective of the study is to reconstruct and describe the structure of a code-switching mechanism, functioning in the speech of Russian pre-school children, acquiring English language in a monolingual environment (without natural communication). A code-switching mechanism is studied on the survey of children’s code-mixing texts, received from an artificial bilingual environment – play situations with a talking setting to speak English. The article sets out, that the activity of a code-switching mechanism in ch...

A fairy-tale describes the events that are impossible in real life; it often combines fantastic, invented and real layers. But the most important purpose of a fairy-tale is not only to make a reader or a listener imagine fabulous actions and characters but also to teach a lesson of kindness and justice, to speak about important things in life in a vibrant and bright manner. Both a fairy-tale and a fable convey moral values, but the difference between them is that a fable moral is expressed explicitly while in a fa...

The paper presents thematic groups of proverbs and sayings of two Indo-European languages - Ossetian and English. The study of paroemias in various languages is undoubtedly relevant, since they are a part of the human culture. The matching method determines a degree of their semantic proximity and similarity of the lexical composition. Proverbs and sayings that have survived through oral folk art are simple in form, but capacious in content expressions. It should be noted that they are numerous and varied in Osset...

The research of allusions in economic discourse has assumed importance; a great number of researches is devoted to this subject due to interest in the issue of manipulating public’s opinion and forming people’s worldview by means of stylistic devices. The purpose of the present research is to identify regularities of usage of allusions in English-language newspapers. Theoretical background of the research includes critical analysis of linguistic works on economic discourse and allusions. The article includes stati...

English Business discourse is a unity of interrelated functional styles (registers) of speech used in business contexts. The register under investigation is the business press as it actualises one of the most important functions of discourse – the function of consciousness formation. Shaping the worldview, forming opinions and attitudes is currently on the global agenda as a point of contention in business, media, and political discourse. Pragmatic impact of mass media speech has attracted attention of researchers...

The article is aimed on the research of individual style of Vladimir Nabokov writing through the analysis of colour collocations with component “grey” functioning in the novel Lolita and in the author’s translation of it into Russian. The problem is reviewed by the researchers from the positions of Combinatorial Linguistics and Semantics of Colour. The methodological base of the study is “Harmonious Translation space” conception developed by Prof. L.V. Kushnina (Russia, Perm). As for the result we can assume that ...

The article considers the origin of New Zealand English. The paper analyzed basic lexical innovations that formed national literary norms based on British dialects and the Maori language. Extralinguistic factors led to the specificity of New Zealand English. It was determined by the sociolinguistic status of English in New Zealand. Despite relatively short history of New Zealand, English has progressed from being a variety comprising a mixture of British English dialects to being an autonomous variety of its own. ...

The article considers the concepts expressed in the primary text (Text 1) and their actualization in the secondary text (Text 2) in regard to the solution of linguistic and cultural issues (representation and decoding, designation of a place in the linguistic worldview and the description of features caused by linguocultural situation). The authors are interested in the following problems: 1) how the concept of the primary text is represented when this text is mentioned as the precedent in the secondary text; 2) h...