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Many years of mainly European experiences in economic integration offer a vast empirical background revealing a closer link between benefits and achieved stages of integration. The largest benefits of market integration stem from: size of the internal market of the integrating area and the scale of production, increased competition, liberalization of merchandise and service trade as well as factors of production flows, fragmentation of technological processes and specialization, but also competition law and policy...

Ukraine, more specifically the ongoing armed conflict on its soil still attracts a lot of attention. There are still many unanswered questions that might help us understand why conflict started and how long will it last. One of the most important things is to remember that the crisis in Ukraine is multidimensional thus there are many reasons for the current situation and there is no easy solution. In this paper, we mainly concentrate on military issues. The main aim of this article is to find out how deep is the i...

The political crisis in Macedonia deepens and it is far from finding a proper and long-lasting solution. The opposition and position parties after the December 11 elections accuse each other for corruption and treason, which prevents the formation of the government and its focusing towards Euro-Atlantic processes and democratic principles. In addition, in this paper we are going to emphasize the role of the political elites and their political ethics, taking in consideration their responsibility for the long lasti...

Third-countries migration is considered to be the security threat to the receiving countries. This hypothesis is widely accepted mostly by the public in the receiving states. However, there are only few scientific studies aiming to verify the hypothesis. With missing evidence that would confirm or deny the theory, securitization of the topic in the EU and particularly in Slovakia as a country with limited immigration history raises. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the nexus migration-security more deeply and...

This article is a summary of recent happening in the Middle East concerning Iran, Iraq, Syria, Somalia, Libya, Yemen and their connection, international relations, politics and economics. It gives a glimpse into the world of the tensions in the Middle East. The article is about international political dysfunction, financial interest and the debt that destroys the global economy and the financial system. This article tries to highlight why it came to the present status and gives a review of the past situations that...

The purpose of the research is to define the current impact of cyber weapons on international security, which is affected by the existence of cyberspace, from where are emerging new security threats. The research is divided into two main parts. In the first theoretical part, we used the descriptive method to characterize the main cybersphere threats in form of selected types of malware. The second part of the paper is dedicated to the analysis of the concrete malware which were discovered and which have had an imp...

Over the last twenty-thirty years, innovation topic has received increasing focus. This is a policy domain that has changed radically as understanding of the correspondence between economic performance, innovation and technological transformation has grown. The ongoing process of globalization provides persistent reasons for increasing national contest for the “localization” of innovations: as business becomes transnational, the attractiveness of countries innovation systems and technological capacities become a s...

The present paper-work aims to find some explanations for the decline of official statistics in Romania after the World War I, despite a promising tradition. My contribution consists of two main perspectives: a comparative approach (highlighting potential sources of influence, looking at other contemporary European patterns of organizing statistical services) and a close-up view of institutional development of this field in Romania, in the first half of interwar period (using archive documents and other primary so...

The present contribution aims to provide a fresh look at the short-term impact of a revolutionary and highly controversial political and juridical innovation: the Romanian electoral reform from March 1926. With the help of the sources from the epoch (archive documents, parliamentary debates, press articles, memoirs), I restored the decisive stage of the debates on this bill, I examined the main problems raised on this subject, and I recovered the most important contemporary perspectives – from authorities and from...

After the war in Kosovo, the country declared the independence, and the European Union’s mission after Kosovo’s independence will be the focus of this paper. The history of the newest state in the Europe and the course of its relations with Serbia over the last century will be reviewed in this paper is well. NATO’s intervention, which definitely split Kosovo from Serbia, has created the possibility for the EU mission in the country. One side as if had played a positive role in the region, as is considered by the m...

Background: The main goal of this article is the study of the citizen’s attitudes to corruption in Russian megalopolises as a problem of the human resources quality development. On the one hand we have got an information about level of negative citizen’s attitudes to corruption, but on the other hand there is opportunity to give them some rules to prevent from to be corruptors. Therefore, there is one of the channels for quality development of socially responsible members of society. Methods: The author have descr...

In its analysis of various legal regulations and data from the United Kingdom and the Czech Republic concerning harassment, and namely sexual harassment, the article highlights how sociological discourses and legal decisions have reflected upon this specific form of discrimination, which is regulated by international, European as well as national means. The article first considers two major principles of sexual harassment ? 'quid pro quo' and a 'hostile working environment'; later, international, European as well ...

Being multiethnic and multi-religious society should be considered a strong point for any society on earth. The Republic of Macedonia has had the “honor and challenge” of having a very heterogeneous population in terms of its ethic and religious composition. The demographic structure of the population in the country is very specific, since all religions can be found among all ethnic groups with the country. Although the country is divided alongside ethnic lines, such lines become very blur when it comes to religio...

In the study of professional choice of a graduate of particular importance are researchers of household strategies in the education sphere. As the household strategies, we consider the effective usage of available resources (economic, social and cultural assets) in reaching the goal. The goal, in this aspect, is defined as the optimal choice of educational and professional paths, taking into account the real possibilities and social benefits. As shown by the results of many sociological types of research when choo...

The article is devoted to the pressing issue of the transformation of Russia’s and China’s foreign policy strategies in Central Asia in recent years. The prevailing aspect of economic approaches as the basis of practical implementation of the “strategic partnership” concept is the main feature of these two states’ policies in Central Asia. However, the two countries maintain military and political cooperation, each of them upholding its own political interests. China’s tactics is in its active support of the integ...

Regarding information and communication technologies improvement, the global e-commerce market has already developed. This market almost has not geographical boundaries and is in demand 24 hours per day seven days a week. All countries pay attention to the electronic commerce development. E-commerce might be one of the drivers for the retail trade revival, improving competitiveness, and ultimately the development of the Russian economy. The article reveals the place of Russian e-commerce, determines trends and pro...

France is a traditional European democracy. Its political system was relatively stable since late 1950s with two political blocs. Right – usually connected with the ideas of Charles de Gaulle and left – represented by Socialist party. The situation seems to be different in 2017. As François Hollande became extremely unpopular he decided not to candidate in 2017 anymore. Socialist party chose Benoît Hamon to be candidate but his result 6, 36 % in the first round was poor and more – the worst in the history of Socia...

In order to detect the possible ways and obstacles in promoting diversity through the Parliament, we shall briefly introduce the issue of diversity from the perspective of political philosophy and political theory. This will help us create a better comparative framework for the case of the Republic of Macedonia and see if any of the suggestions coming from this stream of thinking are applicable in our scenario. Starting from the premise that the Republic of Macedonia is home to many ethnic groups and is hence mult...

This paper attempts to analyze the system and the behavior of all actors in the field of competition by determining and then analyzed its composition, degree of concentration of businesses in the same activities, bringing them about pricing, bringing them to customer, the number of businesses participating in the market, types of products or services they offer, and many other factors in order to assess the level of competition between businesses in different areas so all this with the purpose of implementation of...

In the last decades the word "terrorism" became for modern society almost an everyday one. In scientific and practical understanding it means any kind of demonstration of violence carrying either mass, or special-purpose destructive character by this concept. Murders of people in places of their mass gatherings, destruction of housing stock by explosion of buildings or objects of inhabited infrastructure, causing damage to civilian infrastructure (water and food poisoning, causing irreplaceable damage to the farml...

The paper examines the current migration processes in Russia: the demographic structure of migrant population in Russia, the impact of labor migrants and recent government regulation in this area. Low birth rate and population ageing are the main reasons for the evolving problem of labor shortage. It can be partly solved by external inflow of labor migrants. However, migration processes powerfully influence current fiscal politics, ethnic and religious conflicts. Being at the edge of a multilevel crisis, Russia sh...

Diplomacy has been an extremely important in the development of civilization from its beginnings to the present days. More broadly, diplomacy presents the design and implementation of the foreign policy, models of the foreign policy, international negotiations and professional activity performed by diplomats. The paper presents the development of the diplomacy from its origins in the era of nation Maya, throughout the Middle Ages, specific forms of creating and building relationships that have developed within the...

Contemporary forms of work with children and youth with behavioural problems are based on the holistic approach (the experience of successful methods and application according to the assessment of the professionals). Different authors underscore the importance of combining different approaches, methods and techniques of direct work with users with behavioural problem in educational institutions (individual, group, workshops and small rehabilitative programs). The goal of this research was to explore the experience...

The most important goal of this article is to define the notion of a religious conflict, to introduce a typology of religious conflicts, to analyze the factors of their genesis as well as the possible ways of their mitigation and overcoming. Using the methodology of comparative and content analysis, the authors came to the conclusion that religious motivation among the warring parties, and/or religious legitimation of violence could not be considered as the obligatory conditions for the assignment of conflict as r...

The article is dedicated to the structural roots of conflicts within modern Russian society. The authors idea is to present consistently the dialectical relationship of economic, political and ideological levels of the order. The article notes that private property is the most important factor of the modern society functioning. It defines social interests and relations, creates the class of owners and generates economic order, which is subsequently legitimized by power structure and ideology. The deformations in e...

The acquisition and administration of “big data” has become a highly-debated issue not only within the information technology field, but more broadly in the political sociology and social arena ethics as well. While big data may just be another technology used to better find customers (from a business point of view) or help people (from a governmental point of view), its use and misuse has made it a topic of much discussion. Users continue to see lots of data being gathered, stored and analyzed about them as consu...

The interaction between the state and society can be regarded as a phenomenon characteristic of modern society which characterizes the degree of domination of one of the elements of this system. But if we accept as a postulate that interaction is a natural and necessary process, then the static idea of interaction as a phenomenon becomes the dynamic concept of interaction as a process. So, from an applied point of view, the interaction between the state and society is much more interesting to imagine as a complex ...

Nowadays the world is changing in many ways. There is a significant influence of the climate change, which can make natural disasters even stronger than before. Moreover, the disaster consequences are more serious due to rising living standards in developed society, the rising level of urbanization, technological development, migration and density of population, and other changes in environment. The organizations of crisis management in public administration have to implement a number of measures to react to these...

The text deals with the development and methods of robotization in contemporary armed conflicts. The contribution tries to present the main advantages of these vehicles as being the main reasons for their current use by the armed forces and expected proliferation in the near future. We can observe a new trend in the armed conflict in the last two decades – use of advanced systems of unmanned vehicles in such a range that many military and academic experts talk about a new wave of revolutionary changes in the milit...

The proposed text focuses on the conflict analysis and application of current typologies and methods within its framework. It sums up the overview of the most relevant methodological approaches and tries to highlight their limits in the analysis of the current conflicts, which have by far more different characteristic features than in the past. At present time the characteristic features of military conflicts have appreciably changed in comparison with military conflicts which have been happening in the past. Expe...

Primarily factor determining potential of power and impact of policy elite (force of elite) is recruitment of elite, i.e. selection of candidates.[11] Research of recruitment process of policy elite shows that there is a wide variety of criteria and ways how candidates for policy elite are selected and chosen. Moreover, importance and mutual hierarchy of these criteria have changed over time and there is no single theoretical standard for recruitment process. As the title of the article indicates, the focal point ...

After the economic crisis, all member states of the European Union have begun to take drastic measures to adjust national economies and to tackle the main problems that have affected and that still affect some countries, such as unemployment and in particular youth unemployment. Romania is one of the European Union countries that still faces this problem, despite the measures taken since the end of 2008. Although youth unemployment fell from 22.4% in Romania in 2014 to 21.7 % in 2015 reaching 2016 at 20.3%, Romani...

The article is devoted to the process of integration of the immigrants from the Central Asian post-Soviet states that dominate today in the flow of migrants to the Russian Federation. Demographic,economic,and socio-cultural areas of the immigration policy of modern Russia are considered while paying aspecial attention to the gap between a declared and de facto implemented policy. The authorsprove an urgentneed to stop the process of depopulation in some regions and in Russia as a whole; to overcome the shortageof ...

The purpose of the article is how use of marketing analyzes in political marketing. Research question: what marketing methods and analyzes are used in the creation of strategy and political marketing political in Slovakia. The methodology we use are current scientific studies and own research to identify which analyzes are used in practice, these findings are used to evaluate and create conclusions. The main objective is identifying and research marketing analysis to be used in Slovakia. We have identified which m...

After the fall of communism, in Romania, as in other Central and East European countries, there have been major social and economic changes that were reflected in the way citizens take part in the political life. Women’s involvement in politics is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon which follows very contradictory and sinuous trends: starting from a high rate of female participation in the political life during the communism (only as representatives, but not as decision-makers), to an abrupt drop in the 199...

Positivism has been the dominant paradigm across the social sciences. Its quasi-monopoly has been broken only in the last several decades when with the publication of Thomas Kuhn’s grounbreaking study The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962), other meta-theoretical stances have managed to assert themselves. From the 1980s onwards, the field of International Relations (IR) has witnessed the emergence of a reflectivist current characterized by the embrace of post-positivism. Reflectivist theories – from postst...

The goal of the article is to examine and classify fundamental and specific factors of Russian spatial development in the context of increasing efficiency of the state spatial policy. The article gives a comparative analysis and a classification of urbanization processes in the Russian resource regions, points out the factors of urbanization, positive and negative effects of this process. The influence of urbanization processes on inter-regional social-economic asymmetry of regions was investigated by the example ...

The concern for the subject treated in this paper came from the perceptions generated by the impressive sequence of events on the international scene in which the speed, the diversity, the agglomeration and seriousness of events make not only the specialists in foreign policy and international relations analysis wonder which are the answers, how are the macro and micro decisions in international politics made, who are the actors and how do they react to such situations that affect our daily lives. We are witnessin...

During the last couple of months the Republic of Macedonia has been amidst a deep political crisis ever since the leader of the largest opposition party started publishing wiretapped conversations of the highest ranking authorities with the core of the countries government including those from the prime-minister, leaders of the political parties, key ministers and key representatives from within the secret services of the country. The affairs that has to do with many millions of dollars, abuse of power. Corruption...

Objective vision of the quality of working life contributes to a better adaptation when performing job functions. Education contributes much to understanding by young people about the quality of working life. The purpose of the study is in formulating the important practical and theoretical problem, namely how the status of the quality of working life affects decision-making in groups of graduate students in favour of choosing an educational path or job speciality. In the proposed article, the authors continued to...

The article is dedicated to the analysis of an appearing progress in establishing peace between the government of Colombia and an insurgent group called FARC. The recent events allowed one of the most long-lasting active conflicts to arrive much closer to its' end that the whole international community has been waiting for. With the participation of both Latin American neighbors and countries from outside of the region, Colombian officials and freedom fighters could finally shake hands, seize fire and start develo...

The article discusses the political aspects of migrants’ integration on the example of Sverdlovsk region of the Russian Federation. The author pays special attention to the study of integration of migrants from Central Asia as one of the most numerous and, however, different from the local population category of migrants. From the point of view of the author, given the border location of the Sverdlovsk region in relation to the Central Asian States, as well as the high level of its economic development, making the...

The events of the recent years, that have taken place in the countries of North Africa and Middle East ("Arab spring"), update the safety issues of regional and global unions’ activity, in particular the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Therefore, the problems of nuclear safety, along with fighting terrorism, extremism and drug traffic are of first-rate importance at the annual summits of SCO, what is reflected in the documentary and legal base of the organization. Besides, various mechanisms of SCO are be...

The draft of “The Conception of State Policy in the Religious Sphere for 2017-2020” was developed in Kazakhstan on behalf of the Head of State, but it has not yet been approved by the Parliament. Nevertheless, it is obvious that it will be rubber-stamped, like most other documents initiated by the President. The purpose of this paper is to analyze what changes in the sphere of social relations and, in particular, in the religious situation in the country, this conception embodies. Methodology. In the course of the...

The concept of “hybrid” (from lat. «hibrida» - admixture), which is very common in botany and zoology, is difficult to refer to the international law. In the conventional sense it means an organism or an organule that originates as a result of breeding of genetically different forms. But nevertheless this definition stably settled in political sciences to determine one of the society conditions – a warfare that may have a hybrid character which means using military and non-military tools in an integrated campaign ...

This article raises issues related to development of a modern state’s foreign policy in the context of intensifying the processes of economization of foreign policy and politicization of economy against the background of globalization transformations. In this regard, economic type of diplomacy as smart power allows medium and smaller nations to participate in international processes with maximum efficiency. Special part of the article is dedicated to reviewing the influence of globalization on strengthening the ro...

The goal of this paper is to describe and analyze the ‘Brexit’ and its potential impact on the United Kingdom and the European Union. Any discussion of a Brexit should be set against the backdrop of an increasingly convulsive European landscape. The merits and shortcomings of the European Union should be judged not in isolation, but through the lens of their implications upon a broader postwar European order that Britain has helped to build and sustain for nearly seven decades. US strategic retrenchment, Germany's...

The article focuses on the integration implementation in Central Asian region. The integration process is perceived through the concept of positive and negative integration based on works of Jan Tinbergen. The goal is to show the role of interregional organizations such as the European Union (the EU), the Eurasian Economic Union (the EEU), the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (the SCO) and the Collective Security Treaty Organization (the CSTO) in promoting Central Asia as the whole region. Such cooperation falls ...

The current arguments based on the alleged “unusual size structure” of the Czech agriculture resulted in regulation by Act No. 395/2009 Coll., on Significant Market Power in the Sale of Agricultural and Food Products and the Abuse thereof and Act No. 50/2016 Coll., amending the Act No. 395/2009 Coll. which was issued on 13 January 2016. The article focuses on the research – when and under what circumstances concentrated economic structure of the Czech agriculture was created. It is the purpose of this article to s...

This article is devoted to the actual problem of transformation of foreign policy strategy of China in Eastern Asia during the last years. The main aspect of Chinese policy in the region are domination of economic approaches and practical embodiment of “soft power” concept. China seeks to transfer reviews about problematic points in economical interaction with the region`s countries and decisions about territorial disputes from the multilateral level to bilateral level, furthermore actively counteract to the polic...