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STRATEGIES FOR HOUSEHOLDS OF KAZAKHSTAN IN EDUCATION: INEQUALITIES, BARRIERS, OPPORTUNITIES

G.S. Abdiraiymova, M.K. Shnarbekova, G.A. Kenzhakimova

Abstract

In the study of professional choice of a graduate of particular importance are researchers of household strategies in the education sphere. As the household strategies, we consider the effective usage of available resources (economic, social and cultural assets) in reaching the goal. The goal, in this aspect, is defined as the optimal choice of educational and professional paths, taking into account the real possibilities and social benefits. As shown by the results of many sociological types of research when choosing a career the role of the inner circle (parents and relatives) is important. According to the data of our study, 87.6% of students indicated that when choosing a profession were guided by the advice of their parents and relatives. Also, the majority of high school graduates who participated in the interview as the key factors influencing their career choices were: parents advice, an example of relatives, and material well-being (parentsВ’ income). Data of earlier youth researches conducted among 1500 students of 12 universities of Kazakhstan, shows that on average one in four respondents believe that their choice of a profession is largely influenced by the advice of parents and relatives. High coefficients in most cases are detected among representatives of socio-humanitarian orientation. Thus, settings and advice of parents are crucial in making important decisions for each graduate such as the choice of educational and professional paths. Claims for admission to foreign universities prevail in strategies of households with a high level of economic and human capital of the parents. Households with lower income level, in general, even do not consider the option of studying abroad. Their plans include entry into the domestic universities and the fact of receiving education and diploma is what important for them.

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