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The current theory of multilingual mental lexicon interprets it as a multidimensional network that exists in human brain and integrates units of different languages into a complex holistic structure. The network is put into operation by the spreading activation mechanism that determines retrieval of the necessary information during speech activity. It is assumed that activation in multilingual mental lexicon is non-selective: nodes of all the languages known to an individual can receive the activation impulse simu...

The modern Russian language is characterized by the increase in the use of invectives in speech. Invectives are a socially significant phenomenon; therefore their study is relevant for both linguists and the society. The increase in the use of invectives deserves a special consideration taking for the study the dialect material extracted from one dialect system, since it can provide an insight into the functioning of invectives in a separate social stratum. Research material: the whole corpus of invectives recorde...

Teaching the correct writing and usage of Romanian prepositions to foreign students may be a real challenge taking into account that the preposition is one of the most important inflexible parts of speech of the Romanian language, without which one cannot correctly express and last but not least considering the preposition’s high degree of usage in the everyday language. Most of the prepositions express varied reports, bearing multiple functions, their role is often understated, which leads to an increasing number...

Mastering toponyms of a foreign language is a difficult and ambiguous process due to the fact that toponyms have a national cultural component. A toponym is seen as a complex notion indicating both ways of language development and language acquisition. A toponym performs several functions in the language. It names the exact location, represents people’s attitude towards it and manifests the mentality of the nation. Acquiring such knowledge draws an individual closer to the understanding of the inner mechanisms of ...

The web has become a very important source of information for users (students, researchers, general public, etc.) and commercial enterprises. This propulsion of data is related to the diversity of requests for information and the need for versatile knowledge. Access to digital data via web services is facilitated by search tools. Following a request from the user, the search engine has a long list of informational responses, but often containing parasitic pages. Although before the appearance of the web, the searc...

For modern scientific knowledge it is typical to have a deep concern in issues of verbal communication. One of linguistic fields dealing with these problems is functional linguosynergetics. Functional linguosynergetics aims to determine the relationship between linguistic units and the conditions of their use in a certain communicative and pragmatic space which is characterized by the author and the addressee’s interaction and by precise peculiarities of this interaction. It helps to see the process of full functi...

Generic trademarks have been firmly established in the modern English language. However, little is known about the exact number of lexical items in the English vocabulary stock that have previously been nothing but trademarks and brands specially created to indicate the origin of the product and to identify the goods of a particular manufacturer. The legal process of genericization by which the marks are determined in court to have become generic may take a long period of time. Although the legal formalities are c...

The article analyzes the approaches to the definition of the basic concept of intercultural communication "language picture of the world" from the perspective of different areas of linguistics, exploring the relationship of language and consciousness. As a problem field of research, definitions of the relationship between language and consciousness, developed in scientific paradigms of such areas of linguistics as psycholinguistics, linguoculturology and system linguistics, often acting as synonyms, namely, "langu...

This work describes the first results of a research on applying potential literature ideas to scientific texts. Natural language has a major importance for communication, and its limits need to be defied in all possible ways if we want to reach different audiences with the most diverse themes. Science communication, for example, is a field where new kinds of media have been applied in order to aggregate artistic elements to subjects that are intrinsically specialized and technical enough to intimidate or even repe...

The present article is devoted to the analysis of the use of conceptual metaphors and their role in formation of political discourse of English-language media. For identifying the specificity of conceptual metaphors and their influence on this type of discourse, the article presents a grounded theory research, within which metaphoric concepts are chosen with the help of content analysis method. The research shows that conceptual metaphors are significant for both collective and individual identity. Moreover, they ...

The paper proves that the basis of cognitive phraseology is a linguophilosophical postulate which says that 1) any objects, matters or phenomena are verbalized by indirect derived means only through giving them a special meaning; 2) any facts, that are parts of a verbalizable denotative situation, become a single generalized figurative frame. This is due to the combination of discursively actualized meanings of archetypal and symbolic origin within the logoepisteme, which is under review. The interpretation of its...

Results of a linguistic associative experiment with 144 Russian informants with given social characteristics on the naming of the words characterizing men and women for a research of a problem of studying of formation of gender stereotypes in language consciousness of native speakers of Russian are presented in the article. The research showed that the gender stereotypes of masculinity and feminity created in language consciousness of Russians depend on a sex, age, education level and specialty of native speakers....

The modern world is changing rapidly due to significant and fast development of technology. Telecommunications have penetrated all spheres of life, and linguistics is not an exclusion. People have to adapt to the changing world therefore the language is constantly varying by adding new words and borrowings from languages of other countries. The article is focused on studying the dynamics of changes which is the key to success in all aspects especially in the professional sphere. Considering the problem the authors...

The idea for this paper sprang out from my own experience as a student. I once complained that a particular teacher’s lesson was too monotonous and I was left with a sad and frustrated feeling at the end of each lesson. The answer I received perplexed me: learning is not meant to be fun. Humor is international and a harmonious integration of humor into language teaching approaches not only does it have a positive effect on the learning environment, but it can also enhance language learners’ skills, from a linguist...

The article is devoted to colour naming study of medicinal herbaceous plants in Russian and Kazakh languages. The fundamental principles of Russian and Kazakh scientists, dedicated to studying this issue, are presented in this work. Similarities and differences in color naming of the compared languages are revealed according to analysis, which indicate the importance of color naming in linguistic world view of two nations.

The problem addressed in the article is ambiguity and its subtypes. Depending on the intention of employing ambiguity in different types of discourse, one can identify several subtypes of ambiguity – strategic, constructive, destructive and manipulative. Broadly speaking, any kind of intended ambiguity can be considered manipulative since the speaker when generating an utterance aims at achieving a particular goal or effect. Strategic ambiguity can be defined as a deliberate choice of words or language structures ...

The real situation of linguistic variation is extremely complicated, as far as not only dialects and literary language, but also all other forms of language existence are included into the processes of territorial variation. Thus, language variation is the result of the simultaneous influence of both territorial and social factors. The subject of the research is variation of the frequency of phonetic and lexical regional-specific speech features under the influence of such social factors as gender, age, place of b...

The article describes a study of intercultural communication in Latvia. The objective of the research was to study the most problematic issues of intercultural communication in Latvia. The three stages of research (with an interval after every four years) used the critical incident method or critical incident technique from 2004 to 2018. The critical incident technique was used as a qualitative method for the situation analysis. The dominant incidents were those where language choice was central. The results were ...

Formation of massive interdisciplinary scientific corpus brought awareness that the results of intense research into reduplication phenomenon in its linguistic forms are far from being complete. Neuro-linguistic programming [1] demonstrated a powerful functional potential of reduplication in the mass media texts. Doubling is used in the development of spoken languages translators. These but not least factors revived scientific interest into the reduplication typology, its patterns analysis. On this reason another ...

The purpose of this study is to determine the destination and typological features of “Remarques sur la langue russienne et sur son alphabet” (Notes on the Russian language and its alphabet) by Fyodor Karzhavin (1791) which is one of the most uncommon linguistic works of the 18th century. Research methods are the following: linguistic analysis of this work, its comparison with linguistic works published in Russia in the 18th century, consideration of the author’s biography helping understand the features of the wo...

The method of dialogue analysis to be used in relation to a literary text as proposed by the Russian linguist, Mikhail Bakhtin, can be used in media communications research. His dialogism comes in handy in the analysis of mass communications processes, especially for the purpose of establishing why the same fact or event is interpreted differently in reports by various media sources. The advantage of heteroglossia as defined by Bakhtin is that it allows us to look at changes that are made to the same report after ...

The purpose of the research is to work out ways in which writing an essay in a foreign language could be made easier for students, for today teaching it is widely considered to be one of the most difficult tasks in the field of language acquisition and education. The study was performed on the basis of essays written by University students in their 1st academic year, whose level of English (as a second language) is between B1+ - B2. The main findings of the research are a set of recommendations that the author cal...

The paper is devoted to the study of the semantic structure of oral spontaneous text. A new understanding of the text’s semantic structure as a collection of text themes and subtopics, semantic units that implement these subthemes, and various links (semantic and grammatical) between units and themes/subtopics, is proposed by the authors. The study was carried out by the method of graphosemantic modeling using the author’s method of classifying components for semantic analysis. The processing of the entire researc...

Any classification that claims theoretical significance should be based on signs reflecting the essence of the classified objects. Ideal classifications have heuristic potential, reveal new links between the already known objects, suggest the existence of previously unknown objects. The objective of this paper is to analyze the classification methods of superstitions and assess their scientific potential. The classification of superstitions remains the central problem of the minor folklore. Alphabetic classificati...

When dealing with multiclass classification problem one has to search for reliable and robust predictors to increase the quality of performance that decreases drastically with growth of classes number. In our research, we propose the sentiment analysis method backed by Lovheim Cube Emotional model including 8 emotional classes unlike traditional two (negative/ positive). To increase the accuracy in case of multi-class classification we need to extract more features from the text than it is usually demanded for bin...

Syntactic phraseology as a subsystem of phraseology is a new direction in the syntax and phraseology of the language. The article provides an overview of the latest studies of syntactic phraseology. The subject and object of this article are determined by the private scientific methodological principles of this study, which are based on the concept of describing the phraseological composition of different languages in the works of the various researchers. The traditional methods of description and observation, the...

Defining language tools for manipulating recipients’ consciousness in public service advertising is quite a topical issue in modern linguistics due to the increasing demand in examining the ways to make a proper impact on the target audience. The main purpose of the article is to explore the ways to create perlocutionary effect in public service advertising by virtue of such stylistic device as pun. The significance of public service advertising in the life of society is determined by the growing necessity to chan...

The article is devoted to the actual problem of studying the stereotypes of speech behavior in the English corporate communication. It attempts to systematize and explain these features through the type of culture and the category of politeness, which is considered as the most important regulator of communicative behavior. The formation of a corporate specialist and the style of one’s professional work is also influenced by the specialization chosen by the employee: there are established patterns of behavior in ea...

The research demonstrates the study of the functioning of „power" concept in the media discourse space of Russian and English-speaking media. It also aims at understanding the role of discursive power in the life of the younger generation whose consciousness is much more exposed to the influence of the present-day media and consequently to the language of power in the digital media context. To better perceive the "power" concept and its effect on the young people’s consciousness, free associative and graphic exper...

The article describes functioning of phraseological units of the Russian and English languages in scientific and artistic discourses. Scientific and artistic types of discourse manifest almost diametrically opposed features. The research shows that stylistically neutral phraseological units and praseologisms-euphemisms prevail in scientific discourse. Emotional phraseologisms occur, but seldom. In general, occurrence of phraseological units in scientific discourse is not as frequent as in artistic one. To the cont...

The purpose of the study is to identify the nature of sociocultural units selection as subjective or objective in Russian as a foreign language textbooks by the example of personalities and idioms. In the research the methods of the study are a method of personalities continuous selection from Russian as a foreign language textbooks for Beginners, content-analysis of Russian as a foreign language textbooks for Beginners and modern Russian idioms textbooks for foreign students; analyses of different forms of socioc...

This study is devoted to the description of the ethnopsycholinguistic features of Vietnamese students, the study of their national and cultural specifics and language consciousness. Vietnamese language, like any other language, is associated with various forms of public consciousness that contain a large ethnic component. The authors study Vietnamese culture through the Vietnamese language consciousness, through the prism of the Vietnamese language, which, in turn, is considered as a form of fixing the culture and...

Intertextual cultural competence has long been considered to be of utmost importance to interpreters and translators. Within the poststructuralist framework, every text contains references, implicit or explicit, to other texts. These references are known as intertextual elements or vertical context elements. The accuracy of translation/interpretation rests entirely on the interpreter’s / translator’s ability to identify the intertextual element and its function. Thus, a study of intertextuality is of high practica...

This study is devoted to the description of psycholinguistic features of Chinese students, the purpose of which is the successful implementation of intercultural communication in the process of teaching them Russian as a foreign language at the pre-University stage of training. At the pre-University stage, many foreigners face problems of adaptation due to the huge difference in national consciousness, cultural traditions and rules of conduct. To help foreign students to adapt to a different language and socio-cul...

The study makes a case for purposely elaborated text entry arrangement criteria in THREAT-corpus. THREAT-corpus (Russian language, 10.4 m words) was built in 2018 to investigate “sociocultural challenges/threats” in fiction, non-fiction and internet news texts. Various types of sociocultural threats and challenges, spread around the Internet and literature, strongly influence modern culture and ideology. The aim of the study is to substantiate the approach to text entry arrangement in the corpus. For the purpose l...

linguistic phenomenon of the English language. Studying distinctive features of structure and semantics of phrasal verbs in political discourse in relation to their polysemy appeared to be out of linguists’ scope. The research paper aims to investigate the major structural and semantic peculiarities of phrasal verbs within the context of a written political discourse, namely in the articles dedicated to the parties’ Brexit discussion in the Parliament of Great Britain. The ‘phrasal verbs’ were chosen with the help...

This paper introduces the results of a survey examining the reading habits of Hungarian students in Slovakia. As the largest ethnic minority in Slovakia is Hungarian, it has extensive primary and secondary native language school networks. The purpose of this research is to map the reading habits of students to answer the question how these habits of different age groups change and what indicators (social background, school success) they correlate with. We have chosen questionnaires composed of 28 questions as a me...

The study deals with the problems of teaching business English for the students who major in world economy and are supposed to work in various spheres using professional discourse in future. As business context has become extremely multicultural and diverse, created sample business situations in the majority of student’s books are considered not sufficient to keep up with real communication at workplaces and supplementary materials are necessary. The author supports the idea that research of definite discourse str...

The Spanish language is currently among the most sought-after foreign languages in the Russian system of higher education, and a large number of educational materials are available to ensure the teaching of it. That said, the recent decades have brought about considerable changes in the approaches to defining the Spanish language norm. With the publishing of fundamental works by the Royal Spanish Academy as well as the Association of Academies of the Spanish Language, the aforementioned have to be taken into accou...

The paper deals with composition and register of medical documents and their peculiarities for translation teaching. Medical documents are built up by specific standards, including cliche and professional terminology. Medical documents are regarded as the manifestation of scientific and technical styles, and the crucial feature of such texts is standardization. The in-patient records are to be used to communicate a framework of patients and doctors, hospitals and healthcare. The present paper is aimed to analyze s...

Authors of the article consider words, phraseological units, proverbs and sayings of the Kazakh, Russian and English languages characterizing the person from the positive or negative side. It is noted that the quality of communication at the present stage of personal development ,in general, depends on idiosyncrasy of certain people, on the internal personal culture. In the article on the basis of the human nature analysis features of the good and bad contents and understanding in personal characteristic are defin...

The aim of the work is an appreciation of the role of English language, the importance of proper pronunciation in English language acquisition, finding out up & running effective approaches, implement the ways how to avoid, predict and maintain misunderstanding by communicating effectively in English in order to adopt international educational trends and knowledge sharing to achieve self-realization, modernization and development in developing learning word. Pronunciation is of the most difficult aspects of Englis...

Individuals? cognition demands are constantly increasing in the current globalized world, and therefore, they have to face the need to work with information in new and more complicated ways not only in their mother tongue but also in foreign languages. In order to orient themselves in the huge amount of information, individuals develop different strategies and procedures that help them sort information and to create a cognitive structure that makes it easier to process information. This process is called a persona...

At the present time the need to learn a foreign language is not in doubt as foreign language learning (FLL) can significantly expand cognitive abilities like memory, perception, thinking and personal enrichment, similarly, it contributes to promotion in career, advancement of communication skills and travelling opportunities, just to name a few. The main issue today concerns the organization of teaching and learning that can ensure a higher level of language acquisition. In this respect there comes up a question: ...

With the case study technique being generally quite profoundly worked out, some peculiar aspects still need further development, in particular, those connected with communicative effectiveness of business rhetoric. This research is aimed at studying the ways to enhance pragmatic impacts of students’ communicative activities in case study. The analytical methods used in the present paper include elements of the descriptive, comparative and functional analyses. The author shows that case study increases teachers’ an...

The purpose of this article is to identify and describe the main aspects of the sociocultural analysis of a foreign language textbook. The material of the study was 5 Russian language textbooks for foreigners of the Beginner level, and 5 textbooks on Russian phraseology for foreigners of the Intermediate level. The following research methods were used: critical analysis of the scientific literature on the textbook expertise; content analysis of Russian language textbooks for foreigners on the following aspects: an...

Understanding the text is a process of linguistic nature. The understanding of the text involves understanding the semantic value of words and syntactic structures. The sentence is part of thematic plan of the text and at the same time it is a projection of its speech realization. In this way it becomes part of “lang” and “parol”. Understanding the text has an ontological dimension. Understanding the text takes place in the mental space with the participation of the structural processor. Parser converts the syntac...

Nowadays the business microblog register is an object of linguistic research because its structural and semantic properties require further investigation in terms of linguostylistics, discourse analysis and business rhetoric studies. The relevance of the work is due to the fact that today the register of microblogging and its semantic structure have not been studied in the context of business communication. The authors aim to find out what functions are performed in business messages of the social network Twitter....

This study presents findings resulting from a comparative analysis of the system of nominal morphological markers attested by various researchers and observed in the research trips to Vakh Khanty. The analysis focused on the morphological markers that form paradigms of three nominal categories: number, possession and case. It aimed at systematizing the linguistic data in the Vakh Khanty dialect. A comparative analysis of the paradigms of morphological makers has revealed some controversial issues regarding their f...

The personal need for structure (PNS) began to appear in the literature in the 1990s. In its essence, PNS means the need to sort information that an individual receives from the surroundings. PNS is; therefore, closely related to categorization. The ability to structure and categorize helps individuals in their orientation and understanding of things, using categories; it also enables them to understand the contexts and patterns in processes. This is related to the tolerance of ambiguity, which can be understood a...