Browse

The purpose of this study is to present some aspects of the symbolism of human clothing in the Book of Revelation. The theme is biblical with regard to anthropology. The work has as starting point some general considerations about the various symbolisms in Revelation, especially the anthropological symbolism. As exemplification, we use a short exegesis of three images: The Son of Man (Revelation 1:12-20), the Woman crowed with 12 stars (Revelation 12); the clothes of saints (Revelation 7:12-17; 19:7-8). The analys...

This article deals with the classification and typology of the stone altars. These objects are quite common for the nomadic tribes of Eurasia from the seventh to third centuries BC. They are widespread in the forest-steppe of the Dnieper region, Northern Black Sea region, Volga river basin, in the Ural and Kazakhstan steppes and Aral Sea region. In this article stone altars, which were found in the territory of the Southern Urals, are regarded. Most of the finds come from burial complexes or were found accidentall...

The cults of solar theology were more prominent in the territory of Serbia in the Late Roman period. The expansion of Christianity was slow so the strong church organization could not have been established in Naissus before of Milan edict. Pagan monotheistic ideas were close to some concepts of Christianity particularly those implying the equality between rich and poor in eternal paradise after death. Nevertheless, contrasts in the concepts of these religions were big and irreconcilable and resulted in decisive vi...

For the Slovaks is the period of mass emigration an important chapter of Slovak economic, social and political history. It is a history of courage and creativity, a history of national and social efforts by the members of Slovak nation. According to an official report 170,000 Slovak people immigrated to the United States before 1900 and prior to World War II reached 750,000. Many of these people participated especially in the spiritual life of Catholic organizations and in the Slovak League in America – the nati...

There had been quite a specific situation in Hungary during the Horthy Era with regards to the form of government and exercising the power of the head of state. The form of government of country was a constitutional monarchy (Kingdom of Hungary), but there was no king. Instead of a king, an elected regent had fulfilled the function of the head of state. In Europe there was no other precedent for such a situation that the throne had not been occupied for 25 years, while the monarchy had been maintained. At the begi...

The present paper has focused on the situation in Manchuria in 1920s, where Chinese Eastern Railway (CER) was managed by the USSR and China since 1924 on an equal footing. Sino-Soviet cooperation was announced as a new era in international relations, but soon it was discovered that both sides looked at joint management differently. USSR solemnly declared that it had abandoned his privileges in China, but China per-ceived it as a weakness of Russia and aggressively began to expand their rights, used every opportuni...

Matthias Corvinus was a spectacular monarch. Continuing the policy of John Hunyadi, and great political thinker of South East European world, Matthias Corvinus had an important role in the Orthodox world, the Moldo-Wallachian and the Russian one. Matthias Corvinus was the most important person in the pyramid of power in South East Europe in his time. Matthias used a model involving a takeover of power in Hungary, based on three pillars, first, kinship with the Serbian dynasty of the holy martyr king. This is an im...

Any guidebook for tourists travelling around the multinational region presents information about peoples who inhabit the territory. However, the way the information is presented is frequently far from objective. The article studies the peculiarities of the descriptions of native peoples of the Volga Region and the Crimea. The texts of Russian provincial guidebooks in the second part of the ninetieth and the beginning of the twentieth century are the sources of the research. We can identify the existing regional et...

It is well known that the crusades were represented in propaganda as wars wanted by God. In the propaganda sources sometimes we see a slogan that God personally calls people to participate in the crusades. A lot of chronicle accounts describe God's help to crusaders during their expeditions to the East supported by accounts of miracles. At the same time, nobody has noted that the liberation of the Holy Land was probably not the only purpose of the crusades. From the first crusade onward the crusade was expected to...

The research is purposed to explore the role and value of the source-oriented information systems for the modern information environment of historical science. It is aimed to characterize source-oriented information systems as a new type of historical source and meta source; study the possibility of applying new methods and technologies, research practice of preservation, organization, visualization and analysis of historical sources; obtain a new historical knowledge on relevant issues of political and social his...

This article study the problem of unofficial relations within soviet regional elite, existed during twentieth years of XX century. The problem is studied on the example of Vladimir region. Research is based on the documents from Vladimir state archive, studied on the basis of microhistorical approach. The research shows that different informal relations, based on the system of acquaintances grown from mutual work or everyday contacts, at the 1920-es became quite common at soviet province. Useful acquaintances beca...

Mythology, as well as history, is permanently negotiated as a reconstructed context-dependent reality. Throughout the present paper we are providing an interpretative insight into the meanings conferred to popular narratives such as the Ragnarok in the lyrical agenda of bands that are generally inclined to use or misuse Norse elements which can be perceived as milestones for either a self-image or a broader worldview. The reception is explored in terms of the basic components of Pagan music: the idealization of th...

In this work we have used Nikola Vulic'is unpublished manuscripts which is kept at the Archive of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts and at the National Library of Serbia. In this work we will attempt to perceive personality of Nikola Vulic, one of the best Serbian researchers and world known historian of ancient period. His new critical approach to sources and strict methodology have made him a paragon for the forthcoming generations of researchers.

During the 18th century, the figure of great rulers such as the tsar Peter the Great of Russia or the king Charles XII of Sweden fascinated Western Europe. As a result, several treatises were dedicated to the two rulers whose paths crossed several times, amongst which Voltaire's Histoire du Charles, roi de Suede, Rouen, 1731 and a work in 6 books by the Greek-origin scholar Antonio Catiforo, Vita di Pietro il Grande, imperador della Rusia, Venice, 1736. These works reached the Romanian principalities (Moldavia, Wa...

The paper regards the subjective dimensions of the historical memory of World War II as represented in Latvian autobiographical writing. The selected authors, Anita Liepa, Sandra Kalniete and Mara Zalite, belong to the generation of children who witnessed the events of the war in the territory of Latvia and its consequences – deportations of Latvian citizens to Siberia in 1941 and the evacuation of Latvian people to Germany in 1944. In their autobiographical narratives they focus on their family story, bringing ...

This article represents an attempt to reconstruct the history of societal forms of organization and development of research in physics on the example of Tomsk Interuniversity Coordination Council and Tomsk Council of University rectors. This research is based on both published and unpublished sources. 1960-1970s became a period of rapid development of scientific-technical progress and groundbreaking research in physics. Main fields and research results are analyzed, an assessment of contribution of Tomsk Interuniv...

Despite the fact that he had renounced the throne several times , because of his love affairs, King Carol II of Romania enjoyed, ever since he had ascended to the throne , on 8 June 1930 – Restoration Day – the full support of the people and of the political class. Without doubt, his love affairs still echoed in their minds. His separation from Elena of Greece, but especially the continuation of his relationship with Elena Lupescu as his partner were details which neither the Romanian nor the foreign press cou...

On the basis of both published and unpublished sources this article reconstructs the history of societal forms of organization of science in Siberia in 1960s. This problem is analyzed through the case study of Tomsk Interuniversity Coordination Council. This council was established in 1967 and became the first in its kind societal form of consolidation of scientists and universities. Further on the all-Union association of university rectors was established on its basis. The article examines causes of emergence of...

Humbert of Romans (OP) was the fifth master general of the Dominicans. Among other things he wrote a treatise on the preaching of the Holy Cross (De predicatione sancte crucis), allegedly in 1266-1268. This is the only known “textbook” for the preachers of the crusades in Palestine, actually preserved in 23 manuscripts and one early printing. Among these manuscripts there is a “short version” with an independent manuscript tradition that had been unknown before. Furthermore, the manuscript tradition is int...

The article examines aspects of the rural world in Bihor County between 1947-1949, covering the last years before the collectivization of the agriculture. Every year of this period has it's own characteristics, but the aproach of these sequences is a complex one, combining technical, administrative and legal details with elements of mentality and people's reactions regarding the evolution of the political landscape. The core of the presentation is composed of details about the agricultural campaingns, the first fo...

The article deals with the issue on the Catholicism and Sunni Islam role in the Italian fascism and German National Socialism ideological coordinate system at the turning point of the Second World War. The methodological procedures of the research constitute a complex approach comprising the components of both rational and civilizational approaches. The theoretical and methodological procedures include system and dialectical approaches based on the principles of logical realism and objectivity. The research has re...

In Hungary, after World War II, a democratic political system was tried to be built. This change meant in the field of culture and education, the society was given the opportunity to self-organisation and self-activity. That was the era of Free-Culture. Earlier, between the two world wars, in the era of the adult education and general education was controlled centrally. Cultural programs were primarily organised by state organs and functionaries. After 1945, however, society took it over. Even in the smallest vill...

The aim of the paper is to study Stuart noblewomen's perception of their social experience and position in society through analysis of the famous female writer M. Cavendish's utopian novel †The Description of a New World, Called the Blazing World' (1666). The method of studying women's history through the eyes of women and various forms of their cultural self-representation, including writing, can prove fruitful here. .Close reading of female literature allows us to see women's attitude to their daily routine, t...

Between 6 and 8 of June, 1936, Bucharest hosted the meeting of the three Little Entente heads of state, Edvard Benes- president of Czechoslovakia, Prince Paul, the regent of Yugoslavia and King Carol II of Romania. On this occasion, the three leaders proposed a unique Alliance Pact between France and the Little Entente, directed against any potential aggressor, and at the same time, a unique command of the three armies. In addition, King Carol II and Edvard Benes went on a cruise on the Danube, an event which was ...

Bread is the staff of life. This saying is true for Russia, where bread has always been considered the symbol of wealth and prosperity, and referred to as the gastronomic brand of many Russian cities. Kalach, a round shaped wheat bread, is the representation of Saratov, “bread capital” of the Volga region. This fact was the basis for the city's high status in Russia at the beginning of the twentieth century and still forms the image of Saratov. Analysing the local guidebooks and area study materials of differe...

One of not enough studied themes of WWI is the Ententes ambitions and projects about Cilicia during the war. Cilicia is situated on the north-eastern coast of the Mediterranean. It was under Ottoman rule and was included in Adana and Aleppo provinces in the eve of War. It occupied a strategically important position; it was on the way of Berlin-Bagdad railroad, it was rich in minerals and fertile fields. Cilicia was settled with Christian majority. This rich and strategically important region was attracted Great Po...

In this work was done an analysis of the evolution of the attitude towards national minorities in the political thought of the national labor movement in Poland in the years 1920-1937. Attention was focused particularly on the solutions of this problem, proposed by this movement`s activists. The problem was one of the most important internal problems of the Polish State in the discussed period. Complexity of this issue resulted from a large number of national minorities, their big quantity in the population struct...

During the First World War, the Battle of Megiddo (19-25 September, 1918) was decisive on the Palestinian front, and the Turkish army was crushed. After this defeat, the Turks and Germans could not demonstrate an organized resistance. General Allenby's Egyptian Expeditionary Force liberated Lebanon, Syria, and Cilicia from the Turks. The operation had been planned very secretly and organized brilliantly. The cavalry and air force worked together closely during the battle. The Eastern Legion of the French army took...

Geographical terminology due to its active use in business and daily activities is one of the most important components of dialect vocabulary. The study of semantics and semiotics of the nomination of landscapes in the languages of indigenous peoples of the North-East of Russia (on case of Yakutia) provides the ability to compare different representations of the natural world, to identify the dynamics of change in the vision, representation and use of the surrounding landscape. The exploration and development of v...

Frontier interethnic relations take different forms due to many factors defined by a peculiar frontier stage or a phase. There are three frontier stages that differ from each other. They are early frontier, active frontier and postfrontier. One of the markers that can help to mark out a concrete stage of it is a role of interethnic gender relations. They can be presented in various forms, mainly through such terms as acceptance, negation and as a norm. On the early frontier the interethnic marriage is acceptable a...

The paper aims to analyse Leo Tolstoy†s and Fyodor Dostoyevsky's versions of Christian worldview and their impact on both the main streams of Russian religious philosophy and the Western philosophy. Both writers denied two essential ideas of orthodox Christianity: the idea of the radical sinfulness of man and the opposition of the earthly world and the transcendental, divine world (Paradise). In the opinion of Dostoyevsky, Jesus expresses the ideal of the individual human perfection, performed in earthly life; e...

Information presented to readers of guidebooks complies with certain educational, commercial and ideological guidelines. This fact can scarcely be noticed while analysing the materials created in the years of stability, but is clearly observed when studying the data recorded in the years of crucial political and governmental changes or revolutions. The article analyses the transformations taking place in the sphere of tourism in Russia after the Revolution (1917) that occurred due to the new State's doctrines. Rus...

The paper examines the problem of relations between philosophy and authorities in Russia. On several examples its authors demonstrate that prohibition is a universal strategy used by authorities when they have to deal with certain philosophers, or the whole philosophical schools, or even philosophy itself. When the authorities impose a ban on some cultural processes or elements of culture it results in rearrangement of unprohibited elements of culture and profound changes in general. In the introduction we discuss...

The methodology of modern cognitive linguistics faces the urgent question of symbolic means aimed at expressing the knowledge, which is not used directly in specific acts of communication, but still plays an important role in the life of the ethno-cultural community. The article considers a symbol as one of such means, as a linguo-philosophic category that serves to correlate the significant with the designatum, the inner meaning with its external form, the individual with the universal. The aim of research is to ...

The history of happiness in the European Enlightenment is well researched and studied. In eighteenth-century Russia the problem of happiness was also one of the central philosophical issues of the time, as were questions about the meaning of human life and human nature. Nevertheless, the concept of Russian happiness was on the periphery of humanitarian thought. This paper deals with philosophical aspects of happiness presented in eighteenth-century Russian literature; the main goal of the article is to identify th...

The paper analyses the background LotzeВґs philosophy, which influenced the definition of the value. Lotze is primarily the eclectic. He is inspirited by Hegel, Kant, Leibniz but by romanticism and realism. He uses the methodology of philosophy, history, medicine, but also psychology. The results of his eclecticism are so diverse, that after him there was no school of followers. Lotze has not commented, what is the nature of value. Therefore, we do not find the definition of value in the form of the thesis in a pa...

This article aims to clarify and emphasize the importance of general and essential characteristics that constitute the definition of man in philosophical anthropology. The methodology used is based on the tradition of the essential approach in the conception of man, and it is associated with a consistent application of a holistic approach. The question †What is man?' and the associated definition is not the issue of the individual existence; it is an attempt to find common characteristics of humans. The holistic...

Mircea Eliade's ideas developed in the scientific and literary works had considerable influence over the past century, both among historians of religions, imposing the discipline that he promoted in many prestigious universities from America and from around the world, and among other researchers in related fields of the history of religions. The question today is about what is left of Eliade's work after a careful analysis according to the grids of thought of our century. The question that has not yet found a defi...

Even, as well as other nations, traditional lifestyle, worshiped fire. According the belief of the Evens, the spirit of fire was called - Tov hinkenni (hinken muhon), consulted with him, "treated" after a successful hunt, or have been asked to them luck to home and the spirits of the locality took them well. The hearth was located in the midst of the tent, and in the way, hunting or fishing for cooking a fire was near the tent. Fireplace served as the sacred center of the home, the abode of the spirits of the hous...

A person who can be, in fact, indifferent to the values is often termed as to be tolerant. In contrast, Thomas Aquinas was on the opinion that every moral act, including the act of tolerance, rises from virtuous dispositions, and thus from internalized values. The aim of this paper is to discover and emphasize the importance of the thesis about the connection of virtues for proper understanding of the concept of tolerance in Thomas Aquinas. All virtues are connected on the natural plane in the prudence and through...

Cross-cultural relations in the frontier area are distinguished by specific characteristics and complexity, due to the fact that frontier itself is a heterotopic space. There is no conventional typology of this type of relations that could be applicable to any Russian frontier (the Low Volga Region, Siberian, Caucasian, etc.). The article proposes original variant of cross-cultural communication typology of the early frontier of the North Caucasus region. We have identified three types of cross-cultural contacts: ...

This paper critically analyses the theory of a world-renowned French philosopher, urbanist, and cultural theorist Paul Virilio. In this text, the focal point for Virilio is the character and condition of picnolepsy. What is picnolepsy? How has it been produced, arranged, and used over the centuries in human cultures? Virilio's book The Aesthetics of Disappearance is thus a book about how ancient, modern, and postmodern human cultures behave toward perceptual stability and breaks, photography, technology, conscious...

Nowadays music comprises a vital element of individually shaped acoustic human environment and appears in the public space, often as an acoustic wallpaper imposed on a listener. The aim of the paper will be to present the most significant aspects of the debate on the presence of background music in the public space in Poland, initiated in the 1960s by one of the major composers of the 20th century – Witold Lutoslawski (1913-1994) and recalled in 2013 (in the year of celebration of the centenary of his birth). Hi...

The breakdown of the empire statehood and the establishment of soviet statehood in Russia were accompanied by the revision of the social roles of many members of the society and communities, including the university teaching community. The article is devoted to the crisis of the corporate identity of the university lecturers in Russia in the first years after the revolution (1917 – early 1920's.). According to the authors the crisis was caused by various factors. Firstly, if at the past, pre-revolutionary, socia...

Democracy and the religious manifestations should not be opposite or divergent; on the contrary, they are complementary, if man's freedom is respected and correlated, however, to the perennial values of mankind and not to the various ways of falling from these values. Sociologists, philosophers, theologians (generically speaking), politologists and historians along with many other people with cultural and scientific concerns are looking for a new vision on the relation between democracy and religion, and on the ro...

I would like to present some ideas regarding historical process: its nature and principles. I will start with the idea of eternal return of Heraclitus (c. 535 – c. 475 BCE) and his „Ever-newer waters flow on those who step into the same rivers” thought. From his conception of cyclical historical process drew Oswald Spengler (1880-1936), who devoted his doctoral dissertation to philosophy of this Ionian thinker. I will discuss extensively Spengler conviction about the collapse of Western civilization which wa...

A lot of writers, academic researchers and publicists recognized in Latvia have written gastronomic texts. The year of 2012 is the culmination of gastronomic texts. This year and about this time, academic research on the vocabulary of culinary heritage in Latvia, as well as cookery books by writers and prominent people have been published. Actually, the latter are not instructions in culinary but rather narratives about interesting personalities, recipes given by classics of Latvian literature or their relations, ...

The ecstasys of creation has been among the main concerns of the great Russian philosopher. Therefore, in his opinion, creation refers to giving great benefit to mankind. The genius is the one providing the creation force/creativity, while holiness and asceticism turn off the creation power. This study shows why Berdyaev is describing the two concepts in antithesys, thus being outside of Orthodox theology notion of holiness. Berdyaev identifies the isolation and inner consumption of the ascetic with an impoverishm...

This article represents an attempt to reconstruct the history of scientific and educational community in Tomsk throughout two decades (1920-1930s) on the basis of both published and unpublished sources. For the first time authors have formulated the notion of crisis of university lecturers' corporate identity influenced by shaping of the Soviet state based on regional example. Factors of formation and manifestation of scientific and educational community corporate identity have been discerned and analyzed. Special...

This article represents an attempt to reconstruct the history of the development of science in mid 1940s- mid 1950s on the basis of both published and unpublished sources focusing on the example of Tomsk scientific and educational complex. Processes concerned with demilitarization of science after the Great Patriotic War are discerned and analyzed, main fields of research and the most prominent results produces within them are characterized. Cold war that began in 1946 deeply influenced the transformation of resea...