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This paper aims to afford the issue of the role of energy in the early modern home and the relations between energy transition and social consumer behavior in Italy between the XIX and XX centuries. While the history of electric energy has been exploited by economic historians within the fields of studies on the industrial revolution, less attention was paid to the effects of energy transition on households and on their material culture. At the beginning the use of electricity in civil life was above all light, as...

In times of turbulence and new risks, including epidemiological ones, public healthissues gain particular importance. These issues extend beyond just medical practices andencompass the social activities of various groups of the population. This paper focuseson the unique aspects of the development of social activism in the healthcare field inRussia, specifically examining the factors that contribute to the emergence of healthrelatedactivism, the barriers that hinder its growth, and the primary forms of activistinv...

Alternative lifestyles, gender identities and fashion statements are gaining theirlegitimacy in mainstream social life in many cultures. However, even in those marginalsocial circles (LGBTIA+) there are inequalities where crossdressers are at the verybottom of perceived social status. As a result, crossdressing has not been studiedsufficiently neither from scientific nor from artistic viewpoint. Scientific researchpublications mentioning crossdressing are mostly addressing literature, film and theatreaspects of cr...

The social policy and social support are closely related to the development of the nonprofitsector of social services. The article deals with the problems of financialsustainability of NGOs in Russia. The main research method was expert interviews(N=72) in different Russian regions. The findings demonstrated that a significant part ofRussian NGOs is experiencing the financial problems. One of the most popular ways offinancial stability of the non-profit sector are grants, primarily from the President'sFund. Repres...

Gender-based violence is a threat to women's safety worldwide. The perception ofpublic spaces as a real or perceived threat to women ("fear of space") is an importantfactor in considering urban safety and can play a key role in preventing gender-basedviolence by perpetrators who are strangers to the victim.This article discusses strategies for identifying geo-referenced variables to model thisperception of urban space as a risk space for this type of gender-based violence. Thevarious data required are costly to ob...

The aim of the article is to reveal what social assistance is provided to relatives caring for a person with Alzheimer's disease at home, and what opportunities are available. The study sought to uncover the problems faced by relatives caring for a person with Alzheimer’s at home. In accordance with the methodological provisions of social constructivism, the Qualitative Research Method was applied. Semi-structured interview participants were selected according to pre-defined criteria, and the study included 14 ind...

Good mental health is a prerequisite for economic prosperity, competitiveness andsustainable economic development of any developed country. This is the reason whythis subject is currently being highly emphasized. Mental health affects millions ofcitizens in all member countries of the European Union and is an increasingly urgenttopic for European Union policy. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbatedthe widespread of mental health crisis, with the economic and social consequences ofthe pandemic leading t...

In the modern world, sustainable consumption is developing as one of the most influential areas in economic theory and practice. The concept of sustainability is gaining particular importance for economies and their future development. In sustainability research, the focus on food consumption, and specifically fruit consumption, is a relatively new approach. The main objective of the present study is to systematize and interpret the basic determinants of the behavior of consumers of food products, as well as of fr...

The infectious diseases are mainly the consequence of the existence of the microbialworld, essential for life on our planet. Microbes need a superior animal to multiply andspread to survive. The pathogens are therefore the biological agents responsible for theonset of the disease condition in the host organism. The infectious disease appears to bethe consequence of the interaction between pathogens and specific defense systems,immune response, and nonspecific (inflammation) of the host.West Nile virus (WNV) belong...

Given the demographic situation in Latvia, the decline in the working-age population and the increase in the number of persons with disabilities (PwD), it is necessary to address the employment issues for disabled people. Therefore, it is relevant to integrate the factors affecting the employment of people with disabilities into a coherent system to address the employment problem. Only 47.2% of the working-age population with disabilities were employed in Latvia in 2021, while the employment rate in the general ag...

Using dialectical and systemic methods, the author conducted a thorough analysis of the thematic and organizational aspects of the cadets' assistance to the population in the fields of law, intellectual volunteerism, and public activity, including with the participation of international donor organizations, in cooperation with Ukrainian public organizations, using a virtual environment. Through the prism of the experience of the functioning of the School of Scientific Leadership of the Kharkiv National University ...

The article is devoted to the problems of the social role of the musical ensemble. The purpose of the article is to identify the ethical and social specifics of the ensemble as a phenomenon and the consolidating nature of the very nature of ensemble music-making as a form of communication. The main methods are socio-anthropological, culturalhistorical, phenomenological and systemic. The proposed study is based on the concept of the theory and history of the musical ensemble, created by the author of the article an...

In the contemporary society there are many discussions about bullying and public shaming, especially about the need to eliminate this harmful phenomenon, but it can be seen that there is bullying and public shaming that affect countries and populations, without synchronizing the approach for the elimination of these phenomena. Romania and Bulgaria are the most exposed countries to what could be defined as bullying and public shaming at the country and population level, especially by presenting them as negative exa...

Background: The issue of violence in couple relationships is perceived from the perspective of integrative ecological model, while family situation is considered one of multilateral phenomena influencing women?s strategies when addressing violence in couple relationships. Methods: The objective of the paper is to describe a typical situation in a family where violence is present in couple relationships. As many as 44 women participated in the research, aged 22 – 65. Most of them reached secondary education and alm...

The purpose of the research was to find out whether social service workers perceive close clients as dependent on the care provided. The so-called phenomenon of power and powerlessness can arise from this. We found out whether they are aware that there can be situations in social services where close people of clients feel subjective helplessness. This may result from the hopelessness of their situation, depending on the care of another person provided by the social service. This is also related to finding out whe...

Background: The issue of violence in couple relationships is perceived from the perspective of integrative ecological model, while informal environment of women is considered one of multilateral phenomena influencing women?s strategies when addressing violence in couple relationships. Methods: The objective of the paper is to describe informal environment of women living in violent couple relationships. As many as 44 women participated in the research, aged 22 – 65. Most of them reached secondary education and alm...

This article is based on social research, a questionnaire that investigated the way in which virtual communication in the pandemic and post-pandemic period was a point of support in overcoming social anxieties, increased anxiety due to lack of physical contact between people and the fear and inhibition thus developed. The research hypothesis starts from the idea that people, accustomed to the impositions of the pandemic period to communicate only virtually, avoiding physical contact with loved ones and social and ...

The article presents the characteristics of the social and charitable activities of religious organizations in Eastern Europe (Western Ukraine and Poland) during the first half of the 20th century. Based on the archival and scientific sources as well as a set of methods (general scientific methods (synthesis and analysis of historical, educational and cultural sources), historical and structural method, comparative method, retro-praxisymmetric method, problem-targeted method), the directions of the social and char...

This work aims to propose a reading and analysis of the behaviors of migrant women's networks (Granovetter 1973)[7] and imaginal and cultural dynamics that are triggered when they come into contact with the health and care sector. The relevance of the migration network before and during the migratory experience has already been dealt with in sociology but the possible influence of this, both positive and negative, in the integration process and during transition phases in which we deal with the theme of health or ...

The paper summarizes results of several qualitative researches in this area (from 2006 to 2014). They were focused on the phenomena of employing theatrotherapy in the system of care of persons with specific needs in Czech Republic, on the integrative potential of theatrotherapy within lessons at primary art schools and on the paradox of theatrotherapeutic focus. This paradox is the specific that makes theatrotherapy an independent and non-substitutable approach. Regarding theoretical basis, we focus on comparison ...

Background: In the first part of my article, I refer to the theoretical basis of my line of argumentation: I compare two opposing, though, still popular approaches dominant in Polish reference literature on the quality and role of popular women's magazines in shaping consumer attitudes. Methods and results: In the second part, based on the analysis of the content of the most popular women's magazines (24 issues from 2013), I propose my own theses, abandoning already overused arguments of dominant, repressive or he...

The main problem of modern young peo ple is social change and indefinite cultural samples. We explored person's social potential in context of sociology. We investigated t heoretical concept of Person's Social Potential. We developed empirical model of sociological research. 16 -34 years old ci tizen, Yekaterinburg city, Russia. December 2013 - March 2014. Essential characteristic of social potential are abilities of constructing of ideal social projects, which is connected with social experience of a person. Soci...

The research aim is to create an innovative concept which includes different technologies helping students to cope with the difficulties connected with healthy nutrition. Nutrition of a student in such an intense way of life is a problem of many universities including the Tomsk Polytechnic University. The problem is not just in price. Students usually do not have time for lunch because of the small breaks between classes and long lines in canteens. And if the student takes homemade food with him/her, it can quickl...

Considered one of the most actual in modern sociological science problems – social community and its main features, among which the temporal characteristics play an important role. The purpose of the article is to analyze the role of social communities in everyday life and discovering of their temporal structures. For proof of this thesis are used in the unity of three main approaches – communities, activities, and temporal. Basic methods of the research: the study of value orientations, attitudes, forms and types...

Background The purpose of our study was to evaluate the electromyography activity at different categories of athletes (handball players, volleyball players, fencers), to compare the obtained results and to identify possible characteristic electromyography patterns, correlated to athletes specific physical activity, thus emphasizing the differences between the studied sportive activities. Methods The studied group was formed of 27 male athletes, 9 fencers, 9 handball players and 9 volleyball sportsmen, active for a...

Background: Oral health is an important and integrated part of the general health. On the other hand, oral health related quality of life (OHRQOL) has become a significant research field in the last decade. Different oral – dental diseases affect OHRQOL. The aim of this study is to evaluate the orthodontic treatment need in children aged 9-12 years living in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve Romania and to identify it’s potential influence on OHRQOL. Methods: This study had a cross-sectional design and was conduc...

The study deals with the problem of the assessment of the living situation in vulnerable families with children within the system of social-legal protection of children in the current conditions of Slovakia. The basic starting position is to answer the question of how to assess such vulnerable family and at the same time protect minors from the negative impacts of existing threats and their consequences. It is with an emphasis on how to deal with the dilemma of maintaining the autonomy of the family while ensuring...

In children, adolescents and young adults can be observed vicious body attitudes characterized by increased the physiological curvature of the spine (kyphosis, lordosis) or by the appearance of abnormal curvatures (scoliosis). These asymmetries are accompanied by abnormal curvature of the girdles (shoulder, hip), neck, chest or abdomen. PURPOSE: To establish the frequency of global attitudes deficiencies in elementary school children to provide information to parents and teachers about the postural abnormalities a...

This work has revealed dates about cytotoxic potential of benzoic acid (E210), citric acid (E330) and sodium phosphate (E339) currently used as pharmaceutical or food additive. The testing was made in experimental conditions with nauplius larvae of Artemia sp., brine shrimp biotester method. The Artemia salina bioassay was chosen because it is versatile, viable, fast and low cost screening assay. Furthermore, there is a good correlation between the in vivo and the in vitro tests, and this method is a useful tool f...

Context: There are many scientific articles and studies, both at national and international level, analyzing the adolescents smoking behavior and its influencing factors. One could find much information from these studies about the adolescents smoking habits and about different prevention methods. The present article originality – at least in Romanian context – consists in two new dimensions: one is to analyse not only the smoking behavior of the adolescents, but also their exposure to second hand smoking (SHS). T...

Carpal tunnel syndrome presenting as symptoms of the patients is mainly expressed as pain and paresthesia. It is an emerging issue to be considered regarding occupational health and job diseases. All we know form medicine, the first three fingers pain and numbness are the most common symptom of the Carpal Tunnel Syndrome that are caused by the increased pressure within carpal tunnel. In medical literature, there are many researches about carpal tunnel syndrome. In this research our aim is not to consider the theor...

Individual socialization is a lifelong process determined by many factors. Among the social factors that affect individual people in particular are social groups with which a person comes into contact. The most important social group to influence individual’s development, however, is the family. Functioning family environment has in the process of socialization of the individual irreplaceable importance. During socialization one becomes a cultural and social being who acts according to recognized rules directed th...

The main goal of our research was to evaluate the need of elderly computer users for special training on cybersecurity. The article highlights the results of our study which deals with the elderly and their information practices. We used 268 questionnaires from Russia, Belarus, Lithuania, Denmark and Sweden. Only members of social organiza tions were included in the sample. It was important to find out whether pensioners use the Internet and what for. It turned out that the spectrum of used features is quite narro...

Objective: To contribute to widen the knowledge of the influence of determinants (age, education) on the women?s approach and attitude towards breast cancer prevention and simultaneously to map the knowledge and awareness of women about breast cancer prevention. Method: The research was conducted during the period of September 2012 - February 2013 in the Usti nad Labem region. The random selection of 282 respondents was stratified by gender (female) and age (20-65 years). Respondents were divided into the number o...

Introduction: There is a justified reason to be grieving in women diagnosed with perinatal loss. When the fact is not accepted, deep pain occurs and psychopathological symptomatology can be developed instead. The goal of the study was to find out the relationships between perinatal loss and psychopathological symptomatology development, and to identify the differences in maladaptive manifestations in women (experiencing miscarriage, giving birth to a death baby, experiencing death of a baby in early postpartum per...

Slovakia ranks among the European countries with the lowest efficiency of the health system. If Slovakia will use of its potential to increase efficiency in the health care system, it can according to the OECD findings manage to save up to 2.7% of GDP per year, it is a third of public expenditure in health care. Measuring the health systems effectiveness is becoming a fundamental problem because of its methodological complexity and problems associated with variations in health care systems, infrastructure, market ...

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a predictor for overt diabetes later in life. Thus, during pregnancy GDM patients are instructed to change lifestyle after pregnancy. Ai m of the study was to identify and analyze dietary habits as one of the key aspects of prevention of type 2 diabetes among respondents after gestational diabetes compared with the control group. Method: For the collection of empirical data we used structured questionnaire prepared by the Institute of Preventive Medicine of Masaryk University...

The paper describes the authors metodics of drama therapy for people with drug addiction.To begin all paper is targeted to the specifics of approach used on detoxifical department. Consequently the article points out the complex therapy, incidentally this expressive therapy and its methods. The author discusses her five-year practical experience of drama therapeutical procces with drug addicted people, in addiction presents her methodology of approach, demonstrations of techniques and examples work of client?s. Th...

Background This paper aims to assess the activity of salivary cotinine in a study group before and after the use of an aqueous solution obtained from Prunus spinosa, and also the evaluation of a possible correlation between its action and levels of salivary cotinine. Methods The study group was made of 50 volunteers: 25 volunteers that used for a week aqueous solution made from dried fruit pulp of the species Prunus spinosa and 25 volunteers who used a blank solution at the same time, evaluating the comparative re...

Background Our study aimed the neurophysiologic testing, by measuring the nervous motor conduction velocity, an objective index of peripheral motor nerve function, beside the motor response, in order to emphasize its significant differences at girls and boys professional athletes. Methods At study had participated a group formed of 30 boys and girls, with an average age of 19 years, which practice one of the following professional sports: fence, volleyball or handball, for maximum 12 years, sports where the use of...

Occupational health and job safety is a crucial issue in modern global industrial life. This study aimed at investigating risk evaluation methods using in the sense of occupational health and job safety at industrial sectors by content analysis. The sector companies are examined according to hazard classes properties, the results are presented by frequency distributions. Additionally, assessment of risk analysis methods is reevaluated by occupational health and safety specialists who are certified by Work and Soci...

The question of multiculturalism has been central to the political concerns of European countries during the last half of the 20th century. Such countries as Britain, Germany and France welcomed newcomers. It was a mixture of diverse ethnic groups mostly from their former colonies. These peoples have their own distinct culture and sometimes their own language and religion. At present these countries declared the failure of the multiculturalism policy and the shift to assimilation owing to a steadily rising number ...

Background. Subjective well-being and health measurement instruments have undergone a major evolution in the last 40 years. One of the more used health-related quality of life instruments for children and adolescent in European countries is the KIDSCREEN questionnaire in its three different versions: -52, -27 and -10 items. Despite of his (mainly linguistic) cross-cultural validation, not many research attempt to asses and go into cultural groups differences. The aim of this paper is to describe and analyze physic...

This paper presents the results of the TEXLECONS project which studies the biocide effect of gamma radiation for the treatment of leather and textiles heritage objects and for the improvement of occupational environment. Fumigation with different poisoning chemicals is one of the methods that can be applied for both the treatment of individual items and for mass decontamination. However, the use of these methods may just switch the hazard form biological to chemical, since, biocidal chemicals may be dangerous for ...

The classification system for the factors which make up a toxic workplace is based on previous research which was carried out on this issue. Some researchers state that organizational stress is affected by such factors as a toxic work environment, negative workload, isolation, types of hours worked, role conflict, role ambiguity, lack of autonomy, career development barriers, difficult relationships with administrators and/or co-workers, managerial bullying, harassment, and organizational climate. While others poi...

The main aim of the article is to discover whether there is a relationship between the self-reported health status presented in the EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU SILC) and between the economic situations in the EU Member States. Although people?s assessment of their heath is subjective, we suggest that there exists a statistically significant relationship between the answers to the health status question in EU SILC questionnaire: “How is your health in general?” and the living standard in the E...

This paper examines challenges to media and scientific literacy which were brought to scholarly awareness by growing popularity of conspiracy theories, pseudoscience, and alternative medicine. Easy availability of all kinds of information through the means of digital media makes informed opinions and decisions more difficult. Member of the audience needs to distinguish between various information sources. Ability to measure their credibility is vital component of critical thinking skills and it is closely related ...

A variety of non-fiscal input could be brought into discussion regarding the redesign and/or reform of the social care system for the frail elderly in the Czech Republic. It should be based on a deeper understanding of different stakeholders’ interpretations of “Participation” – one of the core values of the European social model. The study was based on secondary data collected through semi-structured interviews with “informal carers” (family members, non-professionals), secondary data collected through internatio...

It is known that complex polysaccharides (polyuronides) are natural macromolecular compounds located in all the plant organs in special histological formations (cells and canals), as well as in the external seminal tegument. In contact with water, they form colloidal solutions or gels. Under the action of the intestinal flora they are split and form a protective film for mucous membranes as well as create a pH unfavorable for the development of the pathogenic microbial flora involved in the degradation of the inte...

The nature is a space, which we, people, did not create. This is the reason why it will never be a really cognizible and absolutely understandable or examined place. In spite of the fact that we prefer living in an artificial, to humankind adapted environment, we went on to make up an environment even more artificial – the virtual cyberspace. Overusing of technologies of today clearly defines our affection towards machines and tools as extension of our own existence. Mankind is no longer absolutely dependant on th...