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This article deals with methodological issues related to the use of psychometric and non-psychometric approaches to the study of the core factors in the structure of giftedness (intellect, creativity, motivation). Based on the analysis of the results of existing foreign and national scientific research in this area, the main achievements and limitations of each approach are outlined. The methodology of the pilot research to identify the potentially gifted children among 473 adolescents and senior school students o...

Several studies approached the work-family relation in a positive manner, considering that performing multiple simultaneous roles is beneficial, determining the accumulation of benefits, the recovery of individual resources through compensation/buffering effects (in the case of a poor performance in one role), the enrichment of personality and the growth of self-esteem; still, most studies approach the work-family relation in terms of role conflict [1]. The main objective of this research was to analyse the predic...

Theoretical framework. The paper touches on the problem of distinctions in metaphorical representations about people with similar and different ethnocultural appearances as representations of various ethnic "images of the world". The objective of this research is comparative analysis of metaphors of "friends" and "aliens" having different ethnocultural appearances in members of the same ethnocultural group. The subject of this research was metaphors of "friends" and "aliens" having the Slavic, the Caucasian and th...

The present paper focuses on the perception of residential social workers of their own readiness to accompany dying persons in residential social services in the Czech Republic. The pilot study uses a qualitative strategy carried out in a selected retirement home (semi-structured interviews with 9 employees, coding, categorization and thematic analysis). Based on the analysis and interpretation of the results the following 5 areas were defined: (1) Feelings and experience with death; (2) Accompanying; (3) Communic...

Communication is a key element in all the interactions of a couple. In addition to conversation and dialogue, the intrinsic laws of real communication reveal similar or opposite personality structures, show reciprocity in some acceptances, decisions, trust in the partner’s capacities, but also dysfunctional interventions, disproportionate expectations and motivations, in certain couples or families. In a couple or a family in its entirety, communication can complicate interaction, due to the communication style di...

This work based on Romantic literature reflects the image of Jozef Bem as a romantic hero and a symbol of Polish-Hungarian friendship. Comparing the progress of the national literatures of this epoch, mainly the Polish and Hungarian one, and conditions of their development leads us to their overall conjunction of the 19th Century. In our paper, we use sources from history and literature and we try to put Jozef Bem’s person into right context of Hungarian revolution set in years 1848/1849 during governance of Habsb...

At present, the family institution is undergoing changes: new forms of marriage are being formed; the number of divorces is increasing. Matrimonial relations are dynamic, but the success of family life and the satisfaction of spouses with marriage are directly related to peculiarities of their interaction. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of marriage satisfaction with the character of interpersonal relations of spouses in their youth, and to create a model of relations to predict satisfac...

The works of European painting and their illustrative motifs in a symbolic, sensational or realistic way show the image of many cities. Their authors wanted to immortalize not only their topography, but he also made a perfect cross-section through the social layers inhabiting a selected city over the centuries. Almost every big city is divided into a well-kept center with parks, pavements, meeting places of the intellectual elite and the outskirts inhabited by poor people, sick people and homeless people. The city...

The purpose of this article is to present the results of the revealed interrelationships between personality factors and motivation for achievement in persons with neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders. The revealed regularities were examined for each group: Neurasthenia (F-48); Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (F-42); Undifferentiated somatoform disorder (F-45.1); Hypochondriacal Disorder (F-45.20; Dissociative Conversion Disorder (F-44) and Mixed Anxiety and Depression Disorder (F-41.2). The research sa...

Objectives: Measuring children’s social and emotional competences is very important in order to develop adequate preventions and interventions. In this study the translation and adaptation of the Social-Emotional Competence Questionnaire (SECQ) at a Hungarian population was examined. The main aim of the study was to analyze the factor structure and psychometric properties of the SECQ in a Hungarian sample from Transylvania, Romania. Methods: The questionnaire was filled out by secondary school students (N=560). Pa...

Background. Sensorimotor alalia (SMA) is regarded as a specific Russian-language term but it has no analogs in neurology and neuropsychology. It is a disorder of impressive and expressive speech development at the early stages without the previous period of normal speech development according to ICD-10. The term SLI (specific language impairment) reflects other types of speech disorders. It is an urgent question if SMA is more closely connected with the disorders of programming, regulation and control functions th...

In the Czech Republic, the report / diagnostic conclusion of doctors on a severe illness or disability of their child is reported annually to several thousands of parents of minors. This issue, i.e. communicating the so-called Bad Breaking News, has been given more attention in recent years. The paper brings partial results from an extensive research to evaluate the process of communicating unfavourable health reports from the point of view of respondents – parents of a child's patient. The survey was conducted in...

The aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between career adaptability and satisfaction in the case of psychology students. We were particularly curious about the differences between distance learning and full-time learning students. Based on previous findings, the first hypothesis is that career adaptability will correlate positively with satisfaction (career satisfaction and satisfaction with life) in the whole sample. We also want to investigate the dissimilarities between the two groups (dista...

“Perceived age” is the result of perception of a person's appearance representing the age of a perception object ascribed by a perception subject. Explosion of interest to the analysis of the factors of a person's perceived age is observed in the modern science, because the perceived age of a person is directly related to the biological age of such a person and is an indicator of mortality risk [1, 2]. Researchers studied genetic, ecological, and medical-and-esthetic factors effecting the perceived age of a person...

Wisdom relates to experienced difficult life situations from which one comes out as someone capable of sharing the learned and experienced lessons with other people and able to help other people based on his or her previous experience. Wisdom tops people’s list of values and desired personality traits. In psychotherapy, acquiring wisdom is one of the most desired objectives. In development psychology, achieving wisdom is considered to be the peak of maturation. Wisdom is related to feeling good or bad. Wisdom affe...

As we read in the Prologue of Nikos Kazantzakis’ Saviors of God: “We come from a dark abyss, we end in a dark abyss, and we call the luminous interval life. As soon as we are born the return begins, at once the setting forth and the coming back, we die in every moment…But as soon as we are born, we begin to struggle, to create, to compose, to turn matter into life, we are born in every moment”[1]. The above excerpt taken from Kazantzakis’ early work resonates with an omnipresent leitmotif of his novels where we fi...

In modern philosophical and psychological works alchemy is present as a phenomenon the essence of which is mysterious and incomprehensible. Alchemy and the philosopher's stone today in society is perceived as Magnum ign?tum (the Great Unknown). The subject of the work. Depending on the approach, the subject is determined and interpreted. The subject of this work is the legend of the 13th century alchemist Raymond Lully and his lover Ambrosia de Castello. The aim is to establish the transformational structure of th...

The aim of this article is to analyze the cultural resources of Bulgarian entrepreneurship through the dominant value orientations in this socio-professional group, using the Schwartz Value Survey (Schwartz, 2006, 2008). According to this model, the value system on cultural level is described by seven universal value orientations: embeddedness, autonomy (intellectual and affective), hierarchy, egalitarianism, harmony, and mastery. The relationship between these values reflects three basic contradictions (alternati...

The article presents the results of research connected with the implementation of pain, anxiety and depression scales and questionnaires in patients with low and high levels of alexithymia (AT). Patients with high level of alexithymia experience difficulties working with psychometric instruments, which are used in the process of diagnosis in diseases associated with pain syndromes, anxiety disorders and dizziness. So, the comparative research of questionnaires and scales informativity for non-alexithymic and alexi...

Latvian children’s and young people’s literature, being a significant segment of literary production, in the course of history has not attracted attention on regular basis but rather fragmentarily; studies of its development trends have not been regular and have often remained marginal against the background of the total literary research. But child’s image is one of the most important components in the structure of childhood narrative; great significance is attributed in its depiction to characters’ portrait, act...

Motivation is key to success in every field of activity. We consider it important to improve sports motivation among young people, because sport is basis for healthy life and provides support to other spheres of life. Through sport we develop adaptation and social skills, we learn how to overcome difficulties and stress, where to find courage to continue attempts and how to motivate ourselves to routine activities. The study purpose was to investigate cultural differences in sports motivation among Bulgarian and R...

Stalking is becoming a substantial social pathology in contemporary times. Nowadays, stalking adopted a form of cyberstalking, which means harassment or intimidation using contemporary communication channels, such as sending a large number of e-mails to the person who does not want it. There have been numerous publications in the scientific literature that described stalking, emphasizing its sociological, psychological and legal effects. These studies have revealed e.g. the causes of stalking or characterized stal...

In organizations, besides various issues related to profit and efficiency, increase importance of staff relations. To ensure the effectiveness of the organization, it is necessary to develop not only hard (professional) skills for employees, but also soft (personal) skills. Employees are reared to independently plan and direct their activities towards a specific goal, achieve the goals and evaluate the results achieved to increase your sense of self-efficacy. Various self-regulation theories determine that the dev...

The main objective of the article is to introduce a less known Slovak author Matúš Kavec. From the theoretical and practical point of view and the orientation of the study one of the sub-objectives is the characterization and interpretational analysis of the author’s work. In the context of the Slovak literature the author is being listed as a writer of the inter-war period. From the thematic aspect, the work of Kavec is divided into two main areas: urban environment and tinker theme. Since tinkering is a Slovak c...

The most general expression of child psychological abuse can be any behavior that damages the self-confidence and self-awareness of the child. One of such situation may be a divorce of parents, which means a huge change in the life of a child, regardless of age. The child must adapt to the transition between two different households and to the day-to-day absence of one parent. The paper provides a theoretical overview of the issue of divorce and its negative impact on the child's psyche, pointing to similar aspect...

Machiavellianism is known in many areas of politics and psychology as a behavioral strategy where a qualified manipulator achieves his or her benefits through deception, flattery, intimidation, bribery, suggestion of false targets. Manipulative behavior as part of Machiavellian manifestations is a significant factor that occurs in the interpersonal context of behavior. Conceptualization and operationalization of this construct are a prerequisite for exploring manipulative manifestations as well as their theoretica...

The interest in Freemasonry has shifted today from the field of metaphysics to the scope of aesthetics. The method of the “new hermeneutics”, proclaimed by Ulitskaya, presupposes an appeal to the world culture codes. The mythology of Freemasonry occupies an important place, which is connected both with interest in the Silver Age, and with a common for transitional epochs attention to the problem of world evil. The principle of high game, helping to overcome the boundaries of what is visible in the name of existenc...

The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between aspects of mindfulness, adaptive functioning, emotional problems and somatic complaints in older Latvian adults. The study participants were 287 adults (215 women, 72 men) without serious cognitive or functional impairments, ages 60 to 91 years. They completed the Older Adult Self-Report and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale. The results showed that the women indicated higher depression, anxiety and worry ratings than the men, but the women also rep...

The paper investigates memory narratives in contemporary Latvian and North American life-writing with the focus on Latvian writer Anita Liepa's autobiographical fiction and Canadian writer Alice Munro's short stories. The theoretical framework of the paper is related to the fast developing memory culture after the end of the Cold War in Europe and Latvia as well as globally, and sketches out the theoretical framework of memory writing referring to the studies of Maurice Halbwachs, Pierre Nora, Paul Ricoeur, Aleida...

In the article the author proceeds from the conception that family as a social institution takes a significant part in socialization of the child, being the basic support and a pattern for imitation as a model of the world around. The relations of parents between themselves and the relations of parents with children form a sense-value sphere of the child and as a result his/her life-sense strategies which direct the future life of the child. The theoretical grounds of the research are based on the theories of mean...

The concept of the dynamic nature of the system of a person's relations (Myasishchev, 1995) [1] and the social-psychological approach to appearance, its assessments and self-assessments (Labunskaya, Drozdova, 2017) [2] served as the methodological preconditions of the study. The goal of the study was studying the age-related dynamics of a person's assessment of the components of his/her appearance and its integral characteristics. Methods of the study: 1) V. Schutz Interpersonal Relations Questionnaire [3]; 2) met...

The theoretical foundations and the basis of the comparative research are based on empirically substantiated theories and research outcomes in the area of manipulative cover-up techniques in the interaction/ communication of individuals. They are a result of research on the position of evaluations in expressive therapies (especially feedback and self-exploration as part of so-called specific effective factors) and the role-system of the Russian structuralist Vladimir Yakovlevich Propp (the author of arguably the m...

For over two decades we work under increasingly changing conditions. These changes are mostly the result of globalization, deregulation of labor markets and increasing competition. Among these changes we should name above all the growth of insecure employment. In the context of downsizing and more temporary or short term contract work, many employees may consider their jobs insecure. According to results of many investigations job insecurity influences negatively attitudes towards the job and the organization, as ...

The article presents the results of the theoretical analysis of development and empirical research. Objective: Identification of patterns of socio-cultural partnership in the prevention of children’s ill-being on the basis of theoretical analysis and empirical research. Methods: theoretical analysis (comparative-correlative); generalization of the experience of socio-pedagogical and socio-cultural practice; diagnostic methods (testing, questionnaire survey); methods of mathematical statistics (Student’s t-test). F...

Today, we are giving away the emotional education of our children more devastating consequences. One of the solutions is the new insight into how schools can make the students fully educate them by combining their minds and hearts in the classroom, so the goal here should be to provide children with basic knowledge of emotional intelligence. This study aimed to assess the relationship between emotional intelligence, social status and socio-emotional status among high school students. In this study were attended sc...

Career decisions have always been some of the most important decisions to undertake, and, in chronological order, the first to intervene at the age of 18, when young people have to choose a faculty, a direction, in which their professional life will be in the years to come, or maybe even in all the years of activity. The study was attended by 112 high school students, all of them in the 12th grade, from high schools in the South-West Oltenia Region (Romania), who attended a summer school during their vacation in J...

Background: Everyone intuitively knows that art therapy works. Moreover, scientific literature recognized improvements with art therapy in depression. However, it is needed to provide evidence for the efficacy of art therapy and more standardized techniques in order to become an “evidence-based” treatment, both to confirm and increasing professional competence of the therapist, and enhancing the benefits of the patients with more prediction and control about the treatment. Methods: The Millon Clinical Multiaxial I...

Different studies indicate that problems occurring during adolescence can impact the appearance of disharmonic tendencies in the development of personality [1]; nevertheless, other studies show that some adults show no signs of such tendencies, as they possess the psychological capacity of resilience [2] [3]. The general objective of this research was to analyse the Romanian adolescents’ resilience in relation to disharmonic tendencies during the structuring of personality. The subjects were 62 adolescents from Bu...

According to the National Authority for Persons with Disabilities, in 2017 there were 791.761 Romanians with disabilities. Disability is a dynamic construct, outlined at the interplay between medical impairments, personal factors and social and environmental barriers that impede equal chances and normal participation in the community. The goal of the current study is to catch a glimpse into internet usage among people with disabilities. Internet of Things comes as a valuable asset in helping them connect with othe...

The aim of the study was to identify, which psychological constructs predict career decidedness of students. Survey sample consisted of 74 Slovak grammar school students (Mage = 16,51; SDage = 0,61, 63,5 % women and 36,5 % men). The analysis derives from previous research, which identified the most important predictors of career decidedness. These constructs are defined by Theory of Cognitive Information Processing. The following questionnaires were used: The Career Decidedness Scale (Lounsbury, 2011), The Career ...

The construct of "generation" is very popular in science. A generation is a social community of people with a common history, common values and a similar type of mentality. The article discusses the comparative study of Russian generations «disbelieving» ? (1961-1979 birth years) and «informational» Y (1980-2000 birth years). The historical, psychogenetic, comparative and socio-cultural approaches to the problem of generations change are analysed and contrasted. The methods used include personality methods and the...

Nowadays, the occurrence of crisis situations is increasing in society. Crisis situations are not merely relating to non-disabled people, we need to be aware the situations are equally relating to persons with disabilities. They have particular needs placing specific demands on approach to them, which is necessary to respect. Psychosocial first aid (PFA) can reduce the impacts of crisis situations, however in people with various disability categories it requires certain adjustments and an interventionist`s self-ef...

The first aim of the present study is to assess the relation between traffic locus of control, driving cognitions and PTSD. The second goal was to assess if the relations between traffic locus of control, driving cognitions, and PTSD are moderated by gender. A sample of 137 drivers (60.6 % were men) took place at this study. The participants’ mean age is 32.67 (SD = 10.74) and they had been driving for 10.02 years on average (range 0–42, SD = 8.22 years). The participants completed scales for measuring traffic loc...

Though distant in time and style, the two classics of the European culture display a common and deep understanding of the human nature and of humanity’s way of reaching its purpose and truth. Refined observers of human behaviour, they both emphasize, each in his own manner, and with specific artistic means, the human need for self-knowledge and accomplishment, and the way it fails or succeeds in attaining them. With both playwrights, there is no way to self-knowledge and happiness but in the mirror of another cons...

The material of Yakut literature is a great illustration to the problem of the dialogue between cultures. Typological parallels can be found between Yakut Olonkho and other peoples` heroic songs, for example, Turkic heroic songs and European archaic significant sites like Celtic legends and Scandinavian Poetic Edda. The old comparative linguistics exceptionally found similarity reasons of artistic-literary phenomena in immediate connections, migratory subjects or mythological archetypes. But representatives of the...

Background. Any chronic disease or disorder has a psychological burden on patients. Almost a third of asthmatics are psychologically distressed. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the quality of life and the scores of depression and anxiety among inpatients with occupational asthma. Study design. A cross-sectional study of prevalence was performed among patients admitted in hospital with diagnosis of occupational asthma. Material and methods. In addition to the usual clinical and lung fu...

The aim of this paper is to describe German literature in a Czech region called Moravian Wallachia in years 1848-1948, when Wallachia was seen as a distinctive multicultural space, which included the Czech culture and also significant traces of German and Jewish cultures. The paper focuses on the following issues: basic tendencies in German-written literature from Moravian Wallachia, methodological problems of this research, correlations in literary epochs, ties to the canon of German literature, perception of the...

In this work, the phenomenon of ‘visions’ and mysticism of Fr. John (born 25.09.1946) is considered within the framework of religious studies, philosophy and psychology of religion. The aim of the work is to establish the structure of the phenomenon of ‘Visions of the Theotokos’, its deployment and movement. The method of investigation is suggested by the description of the experience given by Fr. John is in his works. The key concept of his diaries and books is the notion of an ‘archetype’, which is interpreted i...

Background. One of the prominent tasks of the psychology of physical appearance is to investigate the factors influencing the growth of lookism accessibility during communication. The researchers stress various cultural, social-psychological, and personality factors that impact lookism [4]. In spite of the central role of physical appearance in lookism development little research was conducted scrutinizing the interplay of appearance perfectionism, satisfaction and concern with own appearance in these processes. N...

Fanny Burney at 15 wrote in her diary addressing her thoughts to ‘Nobody’, to her silent self and interlocutor. Nobody learnt about this fact until her diaries were published. She became famous with her first epistolary novel about a young lady entering the world, though in the Preface to the novel the author pretended to be an editor of the letters. Her writing could be compared to contemporary blogs. Novelty and variety of subjects, personally coloured irony and wit, acute eyesight, ability to entertain a reader...