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The rocky landscapes of central Sicily show a long-standing tradition of using carved spaces for funerary, residential, productive and religious purposes. This study presents the initial results of a multidisciplinary study of a key area in north-eastern central Sicily, where rock-cut habitats meet major historical routes. The research explores settlement dynamics, Byzantine and Greek influences, Italo-Greek monasticism, and Norman reorganization. It examines rock-cut churches and frontier landscapes, as well as t...

In the context of the relationship between humans and space, sacred spaces offer a unique insight into the social and cultural history of a region. This study examines the sacralization of landscapes in Apulia, with a particular focus on the Hermitage of San Nicola, located on the Gargano promontory. The Hermitage is a notable case study of the intersection of natural elements, religious practices, and cultural identity. Through a combination of historical analysis, archival research, archaeological surveys and co...

The territory of modern Turkey is abundant in ancient monuments of a various kind and historical periods. Among most notable ones are the ruins of the ancient Hittites capital near modern settlement of Bogazkoy / Hattusas. The remains of the stone structures located in that area have been studied for more than a century and there are many documented discoveries. However, some of these discoveries are still lacking a reliable scientific research data. For that reason, such objects often become popular subjects for ...

Bulgaria is extremely rich in prehistoric and historic monuments. Among Bulgaria’s outstanding monuments there are not only the well-known Varna Necropolis and Provadia-Solnitsata ancient salt mining and urban center, but also numerous other megalithic prehistoric monuments. Until now, they have been identified and recognized mainly as alone - standing objects. Current paper focuses on the study carried out in the vicinity of Zlatosel village on the prehistoric site of the Plochata Dolmen. The study indicates th...

The landscape of central Sicily is marked by the presence of several fortified elite residences, but also hilltop fortifications defined generically "castles". However, in the publications, with some exceptions, have not been investigated by means of the multidisciplinary research including Landscape History and Archaeology, Archaeology of Architecture, Linguistics, Anthropology. The same word “castle” is used continuously to indicate generically the castles in Medieval age without regards to the different arc...

There are many remnants of ancient stone buildings remaining in Estonia, however most well-known monuments are related to the Bronze Age or later periods. Similarly, the sites identified so far as ancient places of worship are the places and areas mentioned in different beliefs and associated with different cults forgotten in the recent past. At the same time, there are a number of unusual rock piles in the landscape of Northern Estonia that have been excluded from agricultural land development already in ancient ...

For centuries, the monuments of megalithic prehistoric cultures have been rediscovered and identified in many parts of the Mediterranean basin. These monuments point to the spread and development of early agriculture and denote the diversification of the monuments created by these ancient cultures, their adaptation to availability of the local building materials, and the diversity of traditions. In this context, such megalithic monuments have not been studied mainly because they have been identified only in certai...

Reconstructions are popular nowadays both with liberal arts and sciences when conducting modern complex studies. Historical reconstructions are used widely as a research method, particularly paleopathological analysis that provides additional historical information about ancient peoples who inhabited different territories of Russia. In fact, the pit culture was identified at the beginning of the 20th century by V.A. Gorodtsov who dated it to 3000 BC. Scientists and archaeologists attached great importance to the q...

The interest in ancient religions and their sources, essence and artefacts in society is increasing, which is a new feature of our age and requires many values to be reassessed. Among them, there are many low-quality sources and unreliable indications, as well as fakes and simple replicas of artefacts. There is always a lot of contradictive information in the media and it takes several years for researchers to refute it. However, such situation has certain positive elements as well, since such refusals require the...

This article presents the results of a study of silver coins with the name of Khan Shadibek from Izmeri treasure from the collection of the Tatarstan National Museum (Russia). This treasure is interesting in that it contains golden Horde coins minted in 1402-1419. With the advent of Khan Shadibek, the monetary reform of the Golden Horde was carried out, which resulted in relative order of money circulation in the state. In the same period, the work of the mint in the Bulgarian settlement was restored. Mint "Bolgar...

The unprecedented scale of the migrant crisis is appalling. It upsets us and urges us to act. Every day, desperate people tent to cross the boundaries of indifference. For specific situations, they are called refugees. Treated often as a simple problem, it is our brothers and sisters, fragile human beings who need help, and this is urgently. On a global scale, there is impressive solidarity and a genuine desire to help. At the same time, signs of impotence and overload are well known in many places. Public debate ...

Mortar beds of three late 19th century sepulchral mosaics from two cemeteries in Prague, Czech Republic were investigated by SEM-EDS, DTG, XRD and FTIR. The materials had a very similar chemical and mineralogical composition – calcite, dolomite, portlandite and quartz were identified in all of them. Calcite was present both as the main constituent of the binder and in the form of angular grains. Moreover, the mortars contained 16 – 18 wt% oil, most probably linseed oil. Due to the rate of degradation and FTIR ...

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the cultural heritage in order to promote and develop cultural tourism in Transylvania. An important region of Romania with a population of different ethnic groups (Romanians, Hungarians, Germans, Slovaks, Armenians, Roma) had a continuous multicultural background and history. Known as Transilvania (in Romanian language), Transylvania (English), Erdely (Hungarian), Siebenburgen (German), this region holds a cultural heritage of inestimable value. Starting with fortified chur...

The issue of migration is a highly topical issue with major human implications, which generates many ethical and ecclesiastical issues related to human dignity, social justice, respect for human rights, solidarity in front of the risks of poverty, fragility, vulnerability, violence, injustice, exploitation and instrumentalization of the person, as well as the need to promote fair and consistent policies. According to the United Nations Reports, there are more than 250 million migrants worldwide, of which 25.4 mill...

Risk management in museums of the Czech Republic is inadequate and is not implemented in most museums. The presented issue of risk management in museums is only the first step towards introducing this knowledge into museums. The introduction of risk management as part of an integrated museum management system is very important, as emergencies and disasters are very democratic and unexpectedly reach out to all countries of the world and thus to a variety of institutions.

Museums are essential and important elements of saving information, local traditions and ways of lives of our ancestors. It is very important to preserve and protect museums themselves – their buildings and their collections against extraordinary events. Extraordinary events are, for purpose of this article, undesirable, unwanted and objectionable events, which require rescue system arrival. For example, natural disasters such as flood, windstorm, heavy snowfall etc., but also human caused disasters such as fire...

The article presents the results of the examination of the fragments of cast-iron cauldrons found in the territory of the Kazan Kremlin, which date back to the period of the Kazan Khanate in the 14th-15th centuries. The examination of the samples of cast-iron cookware was carried out using the methods of scanning electron microscopy and optical emission spectroscopy. We analyzed the structure and the micro-trace composition of the samples of Kazan cast-iron and undertook its comparative study with the samples of B...

Maltese megalithic temples are well known in the world as an outstanding prehistoric cultural heritage. Many of these ancient sites nowadays are included in the World Heritage List of UNESCO. These temple complexes have been built over a wide period of time - between ca. 3600 BC and 700 BC. They have been archaeologically studied several times and the most important temples have been reconstructed, which allows describing the prehistory of Malta rather completely. The significant value of these temples is in their...

The aim of the research was to indicate the characteristics of traditional wooden buildings, determining its multi-faceted value and the role it plays in the contemporary structure of the city, on the example of RzeszГіw (south-eastern part of Poland). The research methodology included field work and analysis of the city plan that is identification of existing traditional wooden residential buildings. A query was made of archival materials and studies on conservation documentation regarding the studied objects in ...

This paper presents the application of systems approach engineering methodology in the reconstruction of the Roman water supply system. The application of a systems approach and systems analysis methods provides a reliable analysis and the reconstruction of the Roman water supply system, its operation and sustainability. Considering the Roman water supply systems of the city of Salona and the DiocletianВ’s Palace have not been completely preserved, a problem occurs in their reconstruction and analysis of their ope...

With a history spanning over more than 200 years, the traditional ensemble of three instruments known in Romania under the name of Transylvanian Trio gathers instruments of different sizes and shapes, encompassing a specific repertoire, unique in the Romanian area. In order to collect this specific repertoire, for its preservation and promotion, a Transylvanian Trio Festival takes place in Cluj County every year, bringing together the local ensembles of this type. The present paper analyzes the audienceВ’s percept...

This is a first national scale research of people’s attitude towards hunters in Latvia aiming to establish the current situation because there is a perception that the negative public attitude against hunting has increased over the past years. Attitude is one of the most important aspects of our life – a positive or negative internal thought and emotion about specific issues with an effect on behaviour. Attitude is also a type of positioning to act according to the inner state therefore we can predict behaviour...

The article deals with one of the most important factors of pedagogueВ’s professional motivation, communication and collaboration, in the context of the education process. The major idea of the introduced empirical research is to generalise characteristics of communication and collaboration in music schools of Lithuania, while analysing the aspects of relationships between teacher and pupil, educator and school manager in detail. The conducted empirical research results reveal that the relation between teacher and...

Historical museums are a specific reservoir of ways of representing past events, and a key element in the processes of rationalization and institutionalization of history. Museums legitimize and interpret the past for the visitors, while their wide impact and authority make them jointly responsible for the shape of collective memory. Each museum is part of historical policy pursued in order to shape the historical consciousness and collective memory of a community. Although museums try to appear (ethically and pol...

Cultural consumption as sociological phenomena is point of the scientific interest from latest 40ies of last century. Today, there are many authors who are studying questions of cultural consumption understanding that the social and economic impact on it is very important for different aspect – from city life to building of the national identity. The article gives a short summary about current studies in the field of cultural consumption in Latvia after 1991 as well as introduces to the survey made at the Univer...

Globalization is a reality of the modern world. Having shown itself initially in the economic sphere, it then spilt over to policy and after that to culture. Today we can more and more often hear that we are witnessing the process of formation of a new global culture. At the same time different authors see this process and its consequences differently. Some believe that globalization of culture is a positive phenomenon and is connected, first of all, with cultural exchange, with synthesis leading to mutual enrichm...

Topicality. There are many philosophical theories from Descartes to Lacan that constitutes the basis of the contemporary understanding the subjective identity. Aim: to reconstruct the link between well-known Deleuzian concept of human being and transindividual philosophy presented by Simondon and its philosophical context. Discussion: The historical and philosophical destiny of the ideas of Gilbert Simondon is perhaps one of the most visible examples of post-mortem growth of the influence of the philosophy of some...

The article is dedicated to the role of education and science in the contemporary world. Development and interaction of them are necessary for mankind to survive under conditions of increasing challenges and threats of our civilization, especially ecological. The author accentuates attention in the importance of education in ecological sphere in all Institutes of Higher Education, including non-specialized, and for all specialties. This must be preceded by training ecological consciousness, beginning from the pre-...

First habits connected to alcohol drinking young people gain in the family. Misuse of alcohol and other addictive substances in young people is often connected to complex family situations and family problems while drinking model is primarily developed in peer groups. The aim of this study was to examine the connection between young peopleВ’s perception of parental acceptance-rejection, peer pressure and some sociodemographic characteristic (gender, family structure, parent's education, subjective estimation of fa...

The article focuses on the compositional activity of Oskar Gottlieb Blarr. This contemporary German artist creates diverse music based on a variety of themes, forms and styles, and carrying a humanistic and religious message. His works arise from the past, document historical memory and pay tribute to traditions. As a musical testimony of the past, they commemorate events, facts and figures, but they also express a reflective longing for lost homeland. History and traditions present in BlarrВ’s music are discussed...

The cultural access, participation to the cultural activities and the overall presence in the cultural markets of the European consumers have registered a decline somewhat less than expected, at least in connection to the current level of development of the European Union countries. This state of the European cultural market is directly determined by the consumersВ’ behavior related to the cultural products, services and activities as well as by the overall context in which providers of cultural output conduct the...

The objects of the research presented in this article are the processes labeled by cultural, philosophical and sociological discourse as clustering of culture and society. The topic of research concerns one of many tendencies of large-scale sociocultural transformation, known as multi-elitism by the author. Cluster communities formed by information facilities, free information exchange (being an "estranged experience"), and by interpersonal communication interactions are defined in the work as "projective" forms o...

A certain article aims to develop a topic of the IT and visitor interaction in terms of a museum's space. The essay evaluates a practical implementation of the IT technologies as well as its utilitarian function. The article proves that a practice of using gesture management tools as well as semantic web possibilities are the future of the European cultural landscape. Analysis of the museumВ’s cases within international field gives a certain opportunity to understand both current and future possibilities of the cu...

The article reveals the essence of research activity and the process of its organization at the university in the context of the competence approach. The concepts of "competence" and "competence approach" are defined. It is established that the essence of the competence approach implies not only the acquisition of knowledge and skills by the students, but also the ability to apply them in practice. The article also highlights the principles of the teachersВ’ work, as well as the scientific research principles in a...

Osijek is one of the bigger cities in Croatia, and is considered to be the capital of eastern region of the country. Orientation to the European cultural values and the affiliation to the Austro-Hungarian cultural circle are often mentioned as the part of its identity. Today’s city administration states that their mission is to “develop Osijek as a European metropolis influencing the entire macro-region where it belongs geographically “. Also, their vision is „Osijek - a city of satisfied people … an econom...

With the beginning of the early Iron Age, the history of the peoples of the steppe belt of Eurasia marks a new stage. Among the Scythian tribes, the art of the “Scythian-Siberian bestial style” acquired special significance. In Western literature he is known, “the animal style”. Scythian animal style is characterized by a certain set of real and mythological species of animals and birds, canonical poses and compositions. The most famous is “the struggle of predatory and herbivorous animals”, “flying ...

A conceptual paper is presented, which subject is time, one of the most used and useful phenomenon for humanity. Paradoxically, it is also one of the most mysterious, unknown and controversial object of research in many domains of science, as well as philosophy and theology. Such situation confirms very sophisticated and uncertain nature of time. By inspiration of diversity of time approaches in main sciences, the enrichment of time management in projects is proposed, through more flexible approach to the time nat...

The concept of the rhetoric of science remains open to debate, although it has been acknowledged as a research area and an academic discipline in the literature and by universities across the world. This article aims primarily to justify the treatment of the rhetoric of science as an independent research area, to place it in the historical context of the evolution of logic, rhetoric, and philosophy, and to demonstrate the relationship between the possibility of a rhetorical interpretation of science and its interp...

The scope of the study was to identify social factors influencing significant transformations of the landscape in south-eastern Poland, with particular emphasis on the rural areas of the Podkarpackie Province. The research methodology included quantitative social research (CAPI) performed in selected villages regarding the perception of tall trees in the immediate neighbourhood of respondents' residence site (house, street). An archival query on cartographic and iconographic materials of selected settlements enabl...

Territory marking signs for the preservation of ethno-forming culture Industrial development of Siberia and the Northern part of Russia continues. The number of unauthorized penetration of oil and gas and timber processing enterprises into the territory of traditional natural resource use of the indigenous population is increasing. Part of the pollution extends through river ecosystems to the Arctic Ocean. Along the river systems, the full functioning of the traditional life activities of the indigenous peoples of...

This article adopts a socio-cultural position to describe and analyze the main patterns in the development of the cultural environment of modern postindustrial cities. The author presents the historical experience and contemporary condition of Pittsburgh to illustrate his arguments. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Pittsburgh developed an international reputation as an important center of American heavy industry. It achieved particular fame for its iron and steel works. However, by the end of the twentie...

Pablo Escobar was the king of cocaine, seeing himself as В‘a king of magiciansВ’ because he had magically broken the geographic limits of the illegal cocaine trade. In other words, it is what we can consider in some ways a representation of illegality. To understand and define illegality, we must understand legality first. Omar Calabrese in his book Neo baroque defines legality as something that creates a border. A border can be constructed by cutting or defining limits, which is what Calabrese identifies semiotic...

A technological analysis of stone knapping process gives rise to a revision of the traditional in archaeology thesis by F. Bordes: "The Levallois is a technology; the Mousterian is a culture "."The phenomenon of Levallois" is interpreted in this article as a sacral, nonutilitarian process, which stands out among various technologies employed in the Middle Palaeolithic. The Levallois can be considered a phenomenon that marks the beginning of a new stage in our history, when a sacred status was attributed to an act ...

Topicality. The question of self-identification of contemporary national philosophy remains insufficiently studied. This paper specifies the tradition of political philosophical discourse in France – the most influence national philosophy in Europe – and the reconceptualization of its main ideas – freedom, liberty and equality in 21st century. The aim is to propose the case study of Charlie Hebdo and the transformation of the political discourse in Europe. Hypothesis. In France, the date that became the poin...

This article views the problems connected with the influence of globalization processes and new information and communication technologies on the transformation of cultural codes systems, the increase of intensity of adverse impacts of social anomie, the marginalization of culture, the destruction of the foundations of collective identity. In the present context the authors analyze new trends of civilizational development of society, having a direct impact on the transformation of value orientations of mass, youth...

The mortuary temple of king Mentuhotep II and queen Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari, Egypt, are well-known as remarkable monuments of architecture, construction, and the changes in religious beliefs of Ancient Egypt. However, the main aspects of selecting the location for the construction of these temples and the meaning of the selected location are described only within the studies of Theban necropolis complex that appeared in the later years. Therefore, the possible conditions that could have served as the basis fo...

The culture of modern society as an object of study is a complex interaction of many fields and factors. One of the most important is education as a necessary minimum of knowledge about the world. We investigated the results of the implementation of the programme of education for all in the world practice, taking into account reports of UNESCO and the World Conferences on Education. The documents that guarantee everyone's right to education, starting with the Declaration of Human Rights, were chosen as the basis. ...

Human beings evince a natural tendency to perceive patterns like faces, figures or shapes in otherwise random phenomena. This well-known psychological phenomenon called “pareidolia”, “apophenia” or “clustering illusion” (depending on what we refer to) has a convincing evolutionary explanation. As a universal phenomenon it is therefore part of our human nature, although different cultural and/or religious factors can influence or even determine the sensitivity to detect hidden signs and patterns. The pr...

Eleven examples of a special type of jewellery – flat, double spiral, bronze wire earrings have been recorded in monuments dated to the late Hunno-Sarmatian period. This paper analyses the main characteristics of the jewellery in question and their area of distribution. It also focuses on a likely source of origin within the culture of the Altai people. We note that neither prototypes nor analogues have been found at Altai sites dated to the Early Iron Age and Middle Ages. Nor have analogues been found in adjace...

This article deals with problems of the ancient settlement of Northern Yakutia. Across the Arctic of Yakutia, in the basin of river UГ©lГ©, Anabar, Olenek, lower Lena, Indigirka, Kolyma and Islands of the Arctic Ocean discovered and excavated hundreds of monuments of stone and early metal ages in ancient times, the main migratory paths were rivers flowing into the Arctic Ocean, which originate from Central Yakutia. Currently in the Arctic Yakutia there are about 20 sites of mammoth hunters, especially in the basin...