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The article is devoted to current problems of the legal regime of protection zones of land of communications in Ukraine. Land of communications is part of the lands of industry, transportation, communications, power supply, defense and for other purposes, as one of the nine categories, in which all lands of Ukraine are divided depending on their intended purpose. According to Article 75 of the Land Code of Ukraine, land of communications are used for construction of aerial and cable telephone and telegraph lines a...

The article „Usefulness of Financial Information and Fraud Prevention“ concerns the prevailing approach in accounting for generating information which satisfies the interests of potential investors, lenders and other creditors with regard to reporting entities and for making adequate decisions on future capital investments. The substance of the “usefulness” of the information in the general purpose financial statements is explained, and some of its specific expressions are presented. The qualitative characteristic...

In the paper we investigate the insurance behavior of Russians in terms of the determinants of different types of individual voluntary insurance’s choice. Dataset used is Individual Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey – Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE) Round 26, 2017. Sample includes 10 318 individuals and contains individual data augmented with their households information. Survey is representative for Russia. We estimated logit model for the life and accident insurance and biprobit models for motor insura...

The paper presents the significant aspects of the interest rate, considering that it performs an important function in the banking system. Taking in the consideration that money represents the blood that supplies the system, the interest constitutes the way in which it develops. The interest rate is the main item in relation to which the interest is calculated. There are presented and analyzed the interest rates charged by the credit institutions at: term deposits in lei, term deposits in euros, deposits in lei on...

The internationality of family relationships can be determined by one or both of the following factors: the presence of members of different nationalities in the couple or the location of assets and real estate belonging to the couple in States other than the one in which the couple resides. Couples are international if the two parties have different nationalities, live apart in different countries and/or live together in a country other than their home country. After the UK’s decision to leave the European Union,...

The legislation of European Union member states is not harmonized in terms of defining, evaluating and addressing fraud, lacking a unique, generally accepted definition. The paper has several aims. First, it has been provided a comprehensive definition of fraud as an unlawful act, by gathering the views of several audit, accountant and fraud examiners professional bodies. Then it has been presented the fraud triangle, the recurrent patterns of fraud committing and the profile of the fraudster by investigating past...

Growing interest of subjects to be involved in electronic information network raises the necessity for a series of procedural measures. The main role in this issue is dedicated to the growth of information types existing in electronic format and its legal aspects which need to establish a stable normative regulation. These problems in their turn create a question on the evidence value of information existing in electronic form. The question is particularly important in the cases when communication between the part...

This paper investigates the impact of the quality of governance on the quality of life in Northern European countries. As public sector governance is related to the interaction between governments and citizens and organisations, being a key aspect in economic and political development, the research focuses on determining which variables employed to determine the quality of governance are most influential on the quality of life at the national level. The regression analysis is realised on a set of Northern European...

The paper examines the role of public policy for human development between 2002-2017 periods by covering the 28 European Union Member States. In order to determine if public policies are playing a leading role for the Human Development process, we defined current public policy implying the Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGIs), namely: Government Effectiveness (GE), Regulatory Quality (RQ) and Control of Corruption (CC) collected from the World Bank. The components of development were defined through some dimensi...

In the 1970s negative demographic and economic trends became a burden for fiscal systems of the “Golden age” welfare states. The neoliberal theory responded by cutting social rights, diminishing the scope of services provided by the state and strengthening the market. Values of uniformity and solidarity were replaced with efficiency and profit. Consequently, the sustainability of “pay-as-you-go” pension systems came into question. The measures towards capitalization and privatization differed. This arises both fro...

For centuries, the Greek goddess Themis has been a symbol of Western jurisprudence and adjudication. Themis symbolizes not only the Divine law, but also impartiality of judges, weighing of evidence, sword of justice for guilty and most importantly – risk of unfairness. Criminal procedure, like symbol of Themis, above all other branches of law must be shining example of the values of Western jurisprudence. However, in reality criminal procedure in theory and practice has always been the most vulnerable to unfairnes...

The EU Regulation 2016/1004, entered into force on 29th January 2019, regulates the property consequences of cross-border couples in registered partnerships and recognizes to the partners the same rights of married couples. Registered partnerships initially originated often for the legal recognition of same-sex couples, as the European Court of Human Rights required countries to ensure them specific rights, but not necessarily to recognize same-sex marriage. As a result, nowadays we have a complex taxonomy of lega...

The process of company management requires the implementation and constant development of effective, structured and scalable set of instruments. These instruments must be continuously improved and updated under current conditions of intensifying competitive environment. The integral parts of such a set must reflect and be representative in the following aspects: economic and financial state of the enterprise, climate and culture codes inside the company and the current state of affairs in the company environment. ...

Integrated reporting is a modern form of self-presentation of a company's strategy to all interested parties. This is not a mix of financial and non-financial reporting (sustainability report, social or environmental report). Financial and non-financial instruments of sustainable development can prevent the negative impact of any objective or subjective factors, develop and successfully implement measures that ensure the economic and social security of business. In modern conditions, the implementation of the prin...

In the Czech Republic, regulation of non-proprietary damage is being dealt with by both labour and civil law. Compensation of non-proprietary damage involving work injury is being dealt with in the Labour Code. It is conditioned by such fact that work damage was caused when fulfilling the working tasks or caused in direct connection with it. In case the non-proprietary damage would occur outside the working tasks fulfilment then compensation would be solved by the Civil Code. However, as for the rules considering ...

Topicality. The 14th of January, 2019, the day of the commencement of authority of the 7th convocation of the National Assembly of the Republic of Armenia, which draws up the completion of the constitutional crisis and the Velvet Revolution in Armenia, which began in April 2018. The report is focused on the legal features of the constitutional crisis in this context that remains still unknown in this aspect. Aim: to disclose the most significant legal features of the constitutional crisis in the context of the Arm...

Consolidated financial reporting is an important source of information for strategic decision making. Not all stakeholders have access to company's internal data. Analytical procedures allow stakeholders to make a calculation from key indicators and give an adequate assessment of the company. This article is devoted to the development of an universal method of rapid assessment of company's consolidated financial reporting, depended on the interests of stakeholders.The authors have developed algorithms for rapid as...

Today, the most urgent issue that faces start-up entrepreneurs is the issue of attracting funding for the implementation of the project. Traditional forms of capital raising, such as credit, can solve these problems, but it may be problematic for start-up companies and individual entrepreneurs to take out loans on good terms. The problem of capital search served as an impetus for the development of new models for financing projects, one of which is crowdfunding. Crowdfunding is becoming an increasingly popular sou...

The direction I chose for my research applicable to the 6th International Multidisciplinary Conference on Science and Arts (SGEM) considers the state of freedom of religion in the 21st century with a concentration on monetary law. I am studying the relationship of religious law and international law in my overall research through analyzing life dynamics such as marriage, divorce, burial, religious holidays, and financial law in different states through 3 religions: Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The internationa...

The strict preventive measures in the financial sector force money launderers to seek alternative channels for money laundering operations. Unique characteristics of the football sector and sport in general represent alternative means of money laundering than in the sectors traditionally exploited by money launderers. Likewise actions were noticed by some football and European authorities as a starting point of raising awareness of the money laundering risks and establishing implementation of the anti-money launde...

The discipline on matrimonial property regimes presents significant difficulties for cross-border couples. Therefore, it is necessary to guarantee uniformity in the context of law applicable to the matrimonial property regimes, taking into account the peculiarities of the different legal systems of the Member States. In this regard and in order to guarantee legal certainty, spouses must be made aware in advance with respect to the law applicable to a matrimonial property regime. With Regulation No. 1103/2016, the ...

The article reviewed and analyzed the interpretation of the term «environmental safety». It was concluded that, now, there are no uniform criteria for measuring environmental safety in either Russian or international scientific practice. The reason for this is the lack of a clear understanding of the definition of «environmental safety». The main drawback of the many definitions available for this term is the lack of statistical (quantitative) definitions and the lack of indications of their relationship with the ...

The recent sentence of the Italian Supreme Court of Cassation on the well-known case of Massimo Giuseppe Bossetti, in which thousands and thousands of genetic profiles were analysed, offers an occasion for a number of observations on the subject: on the one hand, on the genetic proof and its value in the Italian criminal process and, on the other hand, on the role of the DNA database which in Italy, in contrast to other European situations, as yet contains few profiles. In fact, even if active since 2017, it only ...

During the last decades, accounting researchers have been urged to shift their study of the role and function of management accounting to its natural contexts, thus case research is an efficient approach for such studies. Despite its intrinsic limitations, it offers a much deeper understanding of an organisational context. This paper presents the results of a case-based study of management accounting practices in Russian midsized companies. In general, the research on management accounting in Russia is scarce; onl...

In Latvia, since October 1, 2005, the criminal and procedure law is in force, in which with the course of time the legal norms are subjected to changes, amendments. Among the institutions, which have been subjected to changes is one of the institutions of criminal and procedure law – the institution of termination of criminal procedure, in particular, the termination of criminal procedure with the exemption of the person from criminal liability. The article examines the essence of the termination of criminal proce...

Neurosciences, and in other words that series of disciplines which looks into the neuronal connections of human conduct, over the last few years have increasingly been influencing law, in particular Italian criminal law. This article intends to query the connections between neurosciences and criminal law, also observing a number of applications which have existed in recent years in Italy. On a more general note, neurosciences can be of assistance for ascertaining the impunity or reduced responsibility due to insan...

The research aims to analyze current tax policy applying theoretical knowledge and scientific data, to reveal present problems, and to develop proposals for improvement of the tax policy in Latvia. Document and content analysis, graphical method, monographic method, structure and dynamic analysis, and logical construction method are used in the research. The tax policy exists to reconcile interests of the governments interested in charging higher taxes and the public interested in paying lower taxes. In Latvia, it...

The accounting profession is facing a critical turning point, on the background of global rapid pace technological changes. At the same time young accountants and employers, as well as accountants’ professional body are aware of witnessing challenging, dynamic times which greatly redesign future career patterns and pathways. Accountant’s role moved from a static one into a key advisor of the business, due to the broad range of skills to be continuously acquired, learning and digitization opportunities. The paper a...

Objective of the study is to analyse the concept of diplomatic signalling in the context of foreign policy of small states in the literature of foreign policy signalling. In order to achieve his objective author is using the method of literature review, covering literature on diplomatic communication, diplomatic signalling and foreign policy of small and medium states. Research gives insight in several aspects related to concept of diplomatic signalling in foreign policy of small states. The majority of literature...

The International Labor Organization was founded in 1919 under the Peace Treaty of Versailles (1919). Currently I.L.O. is the main international institution under the aegis of the United Nations that ensures the balance in labor relations between employers and employees. The organization is structured on a tripartite level and consists of representatives of employees, employers and governments, thus ensuring an effective social dialogue. I.L.O. issues two categories of acts, conventions and recommendations. To bec...

The topicality of the paper is predetermined by the importance of competitiveness assessment and development for most modern companies, operating on the global arena in the era of globalization, business internalization and the growing opportunities of global sourcing. The term “competitiveness” can appear ambiguous, as competitive abilities of a product on one market can be outperformed on other markets. This trend pushes the companies to the development of more multifactorial strategic approaches in order to mai...

The State is the main subject of public international law and the main actor on the international scene. The role of states in the development of international relations has evolved over time, starting with the classical manifestation of state sovereignty and reaching to this day when the role of individually viewed states has gradually yielded ground to international organizations such as the European Union or the United Nations. This is due to the fact that, in line with the new global challenges, states singula...

Currently, there is no particular or unanimously implemented regulation of crypto currency at European Union (EU) level. Crypto currency is a digital asset. From a legal point of view it is considered as a good/service or as a payment instrument. The purpose of virtual currency is to secure financial transactions by using powerful cryptography. Unlike digital payment systems or central bank systems, crypto currencies use decentralized control. However, crypto currencies are used to make global transactions and hav...

Ensuring a decent standard of living is one of the most important issues that any state is called upon to resolve. Taxation and other obligatory payments levied on citizens have a direct impact on the size of real incomes of the population. Experts predict that the fiscal burden on the population in 2019 in the Russian Federation will increase significantly. At the same time, the situation may worsen due to a fairly high level of inflation, the growth of which in 2019 is predicted by many experts. In addition, aga...

The central counterparty (CCP) is that market infrastructure entity that comes between the parties of a transaction, becoming a buyer for each seller and a seller for each buyer, thus ensuring the proper execution of transactions in the process of settlement, or of the obligations relating to open positions. This market infrastructure entity can provide guarantee services for transactions based on financial instruments carried out both on the spot trading venues and on the venues specific to the derivatives market...

Social policy of the state is usually identified with the social policy of the government. It focuses on promoting employment, social protection, improving living and working conditions. It creates conditions and participates in balanced development individuals, groups and communities. Social policy is a part of modern society and deals to solve various problems in different areas. The aim of the article is to point out the social policy in election programs of coalition political parties in the Slovak Republic. A...

In the paper, we propose an original approach to financial statements fraud risk assessment based on the augmentation of existing risk-oriented audit concept towards taking into account the behavioral aspects. We propose to divide the fraud factors into two groups. The first includes environmental factors. The second involves the individual characteristics of the people who are responsible for financial statements reliability. In the second group, we are identifying the basic individual features that associated wi...

This paper explores the particularities of accounting system that serves as the main source of data for analyzing and managing small farm performance in Latvia. Although the topic of accounting in small companies has already been discussed in the literature, there is still a dearth of research on challenges faced by small agricultural holdings. The paper attempts to fill this gap in the literature by providing an insight into highly unsophisticated systems for aggregating and processing data used by some small far...

This publication deals with forthcoming amendments expected to be made in the civil law pursuant to proposed draft laws which provide for legitimization of distinctive features or attributes of property rights. In particular, it deals with accrual and termination of property rights for the reasons provided by the Civil Code and respective subordinate laws and regulations; statutory preservation of a list of property rights; disclosure of content and the way property rights are to be exercised in the civil law; enc...

This research studies Eastern Europe’s attractiveness for private equity investors in terms of each of the seven main drivers identified by the following authors : Black and Gilson (1998), Gompers and Lerner (1998), Jeng and Wells (2000), Romain and de La Potteria (2004), Felix et al. (2007), Groh (2009), respectively Bernoth and Colavecchio (2014). We use aggregated data from Eastern European private equity market during 2000–2013 as well as macroeconomic data, to estimate a panel data model. The main seven drive...

The credit expansion in the household sector, which then stimulated the growth of personal consumption in Croatia, preceded the occurrence of the global financial crisis and the six-year recession that lasted from 2009 to 2014 in Croatia. With regard to enhanced household borrowing in the years before the crisis, there was multiplied effect caused by the inability to settle all the due liabilities in the period after the crisis. In parallel with the legal regulation, which prompted from the beginning of 2011 the F...

The concern for the environment has become increasingly relevant since the second half of the last century. The principle of sustainable development started to be considered sig-nificant in the environmental legislation around the same time. The evolution of the prin-ciple of sustainable development can be followed through the pronouncements of the in-ternational organizations, first and foremost the United Nations. From the Brundtland Report and the Rio Declaration, to the Paris Agreement and the UN Agenda 2030, ...

Commuter rail transport in Russia plays a leading socio-economic role. Passenger traffic by rail in some regions reaches 90%. Practically there is no alternative to this type of transport in many regions. Commuter rail transport is in demand among citizens who have the right for preferential travel, as well as among people with low incomes. Regional authorities determine the cost of travel for such society groups below the actual cost, and the loss of income of the carrier is compensated by providing subsidies fro...

Energy is a key factor that affects all sectors of the economy and is one of the cornerstones of the economy. Energy security is part of national security and is one of the tools to ensure the country's sovereignty, political independence and economic security. The current EU security environment is influenced from a global perspective by globalization and the uneven development of states and regions in the world. There is also a noticeable trend that non-military threats come to the fore and become more burning t...

In the article authors review rules applicable to international transfers of personal data. With the adoption of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the European Union (EU), substantial requirements were introduced by the co-legislators to ensure organisational and technical safeguards of any data processing of EU citizens. These safeguards are crucial to ensure adequate protection of citizens’ rights, especially in case of international transfers to the countries outside of the European Union or to i...

The article examines modern interpretations of the term “behavioral wars” as a variety of information and psychological wars. As a methodical basis the authors applied analysis of modern publications on this theme by both Russian and foreign authors. In modern politics, information wars or information operations are the drivers of interstate relations. Behavioral wars are aimed at changing the behavior of population in the direction favorable for the enemy. Behavioral weapon is a tool of behavioral war. One of the...

In the last 40 years, damage to natural disasters has registered a 14-fold increase. Since 1990, losses from natural disasters have exceeded 700 billion USD, and 70% of global economic losses are still uninsured. The existence of such large deficits proves that market mechanisms have not been very effective, and if this trend continues, it is estimated that around 2065 the world will spend all the economic growth accumulated with the response to these disasters. Financial resilience, especially in the case of deve...

In terms of the economic, historical and structural transformations, the Romanian energy sector has contributed and essentially contributed to the country's development and development process through its profound influence on the quality of life, the competitiveness of the economy, the environment and the climate. To support the expectations of energy consumers, the Romanian energy sector must become more economically efficient, technologically advanced and less polluting for human health and the environment. Rom...

The topic of the research is topical due to the contemporary challenges of spreading illegal migration, combating international crime, maintaining national sovereignty and territorial integrity in the context of hybrid war and other aggressive activities. The legal framework of the State border of the Republic of Latvia and the Russian Federation is being studied in terms of national border security and national security. The research uses the legal analysis method to study the legal framework of the state border ...

Noise from road transport is understand like a negative phenomenon which affects human health and causes them physical and mental harm. A part of road projects efficiency evaluation should be quantification and monetization of negative impacts from the road transport. At present, the handbook of Cost benefit analysis (CBA) is used for quantification and monetization negative impacts of noise in Slovakia. The handbook has some deficiencies and do not take account character of noise, like a type of road surface, bar...