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The conceptual framework for forensic accounting expert examination requires the creation of a monitoring mechanism with clearly defined goals, objectives, objects and methods. The procedure of forensic accounting expert examination for selected activities, in particular for railway suburban passenger transport services, has a number of features and is not regulated normatively, so each expert conducts the procedure independently in accordance with professional skills. This leads to different conclusions in solvin...

The researches were performed in Orsova region, located at a distance of about 25 km far from Drobeta Turnu Severin (Mehedinti County). The point of attraction of the studied area is the Danube River. In Orsova area tourism is performed through the capitalization of the natural environment and of the accommodation supply, of the services offered by hotels and farms managers and the objective of this activity is to achieve incomes. In the ellaboration of this paper, our objective was to present the touristic potent...

In the present research paper an idea for optimizing the positioning of serving units in modern tourist resorts is proposed using some adapted applications of mathematics in economics. This material is a new step forward for both authors who have treated the topic in their publications in the past. The new idea is that the serving units are not fixed on line segments (e.g. streets) but are chosen from a given area or district (for example a triangle) or are selected from a number of previously given points. The lo...

The village and the agrotourist area presents itself as an area of real attraction, where are meat all the elements specific to the local development. The agrotourist activity and the economic and social development of rural area are in a relationship of correspondence and reciprocity. So, the intensification of tourism activity is the result of the general development of the rural areas, development which is also determined at his term by the development of tourism. The potential of rural areas represents an adva...

As shown by researchers in the field of management, the goal of strategic management is to increase the competitiveness of various economic actors. At present, in connection with a significant increase in competition, the issues of increasing competitiveness are of paramount importance for economic agents of any kind. At the same time, the constant complication of economic conditions, increasing demands on the economic entities performance not only of economic, but also of social, environmental, etc. character, le...

This paper presents an analysis of the influence of the implementation of programs under the European Social Fund on the continuous vocational training market in Romania in the post-accession period, 2007-2018. They mainly focused on continuing vocational training projects to increase human resources adaptation to the changing needs of the labor market and increase employment. After 15 years of formation of an educational market in this area, made up of thousands of private trainers, profound mutants have grown th...

The welfare of individual and the area of residence is constantly exposed to various risks, the influence of which reduces its level. The authors proposed constitutive types of risks to the welfare of individual and the area of residence, such as risks of impoverishment, health disorders, death from external causes, decline in industrial production, financial depression, disruption in the normal operation of labor market. They determined the chains of risk influence on welfare indicators for example regions includ...

The study aims to contribute to the development of methods for analyzing the dynamics of economic phenomena in the territorial aspect. Spatial dynamics of development and concentration tendencies in territorial profile is concerning more and more the scientific world and the decision-makers. Knowledge of this two elements is particularly important in developing coherent development strategies at the territorial level. Despite the great interest in economic geography, the number of studies is relatively low and are...

Minimum wage is a tool for regulating the labor market that, over the long term, causes controversy in the areas of both economic theory and practice. The goal of this paper is to present and analyze key theoretical economic approaches to the functioning of the labor market and the tools used to regulate it. These regulatory tools significantly influence the labor market’s allocative efficiency, and we generally consider the institution of minimum wage to be fundamental part of this trend. Therefore, in this paper...

The current knowledge of the management of the capital structures of companies does not enable clear determination of optimum ratios of debt to equity. The factors considered by managers in their decisions concerning ways to finance their companies only partly match the theoretical findings on those matters. Empirical studies mention the following factors affecting the financial leverage: legal and institutional constraints, size of the company, profitability of the company, and growth prospects of the company. Th...

Traditionally, insurance purchasing behavior is associated with individual’ risk aversion. It is assumed that the risk attitudes are correlated with voluntary insurance consumption. We use the potential and realized risk attitudes along with socio-economic and demographic factors as determinants of insurance behavior of Russians. We present the results of modeling of the individual insurance behavior based on Individual Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey – Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE) Round 25 data for...

The article presents theoretical consideration of types and elements of personnel motivation programs and performance evaluation criteria as obligatory components of a management accounting system, aimed at reaching strategic organization’s goals and objectives, through investments in human capital. Result-oriented performance is only possible by means of matching employees’ professional interests and abilities with corporate goals. The presence of highly qualified personnel in an organization is its main competit...

The concern for consumers protection dates back to antiquity, the development of commodity exchange in the markets from citadel cities is not a random and uncontrollable phenomenon. In the society of the 21st century, where production has exceeded consumers' needs, deviations from the rules appear. Manufacturers have gone from producing what is sold to selling what is produced. Different marketing strategies are used, imposing on the consumer the need for a good or service, even if he does not have the need. Unfor...

One of the aims of each financial analyst is to make a statistical analysis of multidimensional data in a financial analysis. The aim of all methods of multi-criteria evaluation is transforming and synthesizing values of various parameters into one - integral indicator, comprehensively expressing the level of individual enterprises in the set of values examined. The purpose of each multidimensional analysis is to process the data in order to clearly indicate the model and thus reveal the hidden phenomenon. The aim...

The aim of this study consists in analyzing the importance of the exchange rate forecast using the Box-Jenkins models, also known as Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models. The first part of the paper presents the main research in this field, which can be classified in two categories (studies applying classical methods, such as Box-Jenkins models and studies which rely on sophisticated prediction tools), and summarizes the main findings of some of the studies applying Box-Jenkins models. In the s...

Nowadays, universities play an important role in research, development and generation of technologies as well as in regional development. In the direction of increasing the creative economy, the university, as a research center, a technology maker, is becoming the main core of economic growth. The study aims to analyze the dynamics of the creative economy in the university centers in Romania, the objective of the research being the evaluation of the creative capacity of each university center. It was created a dat...

Background: Modern studies of the concept of systemic risk presuppose an answer to the main questions: as a systemic risk is defined in the scientific literature and central banks; what is the content of "systemic risk" and what factors are involved in its accumulation; what is "infection" and how does it relate to systemic risk Methods: Central banks rarely suggest a definition of systemic risk. The review of S. Usterlu and J. de Hahn shows that central banks often focus on clarifying definitions of financial ins...

The article reflects the results of a study in the dynamics of public expenditure in the education sector of the Russian Federation. The article deals with mechanisms, problems, priorities and prospects in financing and developing the education sector in the Russian Empire and the USSR. Comparison of the periods showed that in the imperial period the system proved its necessity, which resulted in the emergence of social needs in education and the transition from facultative acquisition of knowledge to a functionin...

Global trends indicate the approach of the sixth technological structure, which will significantly affect socio-economic situation in a whole world, what may remake global economy structure. The article is dedicated to research the kind of structure changes, which will take place in new technological structure and the methods of reflections on it. The article is dedicated to research interregional interaction as a one of the basic factors of economic efficiency in the sixth technological structure. There is the ov...

The innovations, especially social, are widely recognized as a strategic base of rural areas’ sustainable development. Numerous studies have found the positive impact of social capital on innovations, especially social innovations. Furthermore, the innovation is an important tool to transform social capital into the higher income levels and higher innovation performance. The paper presents an assessment of the role of social capital and its relationship to innovations, particularly social innovations in rural area...

The problem of many European Union countries has been for a long time a high deficit of public finances and also high public debt. This situation resulted in the year 2012 to debt crisis, which need to be addressed by non-standard measures of economic policy. Although Slovakia never fell between countries with excessive public debt, however, since the formation of independent Slovak Republic in 1993 never reached a balanced state budget. The government, therefore, has developed „The stability program of the Slovak...

The research was carried out between 2016-2017 at Research and Development Station for Plant Culture on Sands Dabuleni on sandy soil with reduced natural fertility. Five Korean sweet potato varieties (Yulmi, Juhwangmi, Hayanmi, KSP 1, KSC 1) were studied, using planting rooted shoots and non-rooted shoots. The results show increase in the number of tuberous roots, with 0.42 large tubers/plant and 0.65 small tubers, by using rooted shoots for planting, compared to planting of fresh cut shoots. Were observed Yulmi a...

Short-term visions, a weak understanding of the mechanisms of the economic and social environment, lack of responsibility are frequently seen in the global society, signaling the loss of direction of the economic world and lying at the basis of economic and financial disasters, as well as lessons supporting the need to reconsider corporate governance mechanisms and reinforce the place and part of control therein. Corporate governance is as important for the business world as democracy for the rule of law. The grea...

Global trade flows have been strongly affected by the worldwide economic crisis that broke out in 2008. Trade collapse in 2009 was deep but followed by a swift recovery in 2010-2011. However, later on the situation got complicated - growth rates have been much lower than expected and in 2015-2016 trade flows declined once again. The goal of the paper is to analyze the main trends in global trade flows - in terms of growth, changes in geographical structure etc. and point out main factors affecting trade in a posit...

The subject of the paper is an analysis of the situation in public finances in Poland and Slovakia in 2000-2018. The authors formulated three research questions: 1) What was the budgetary situation and the level of public debt in both countries in the pre-accession period, in particular in the years of economic slowdown 2001-2003; 2) What were the results of public finance consolidation after the EU accession, in the period of economic prosperity 2004-2007; 3) What was the scale of the deterioration in public fina...

The main objective of the paper is an analysis of the educational structure of the population on the basis of selected macroeconomic indicator. The OECD argues that the better education results in increasing productivity, improving the job prospects and more even distribution of results in reducing income inequality and poverty [7]. The selected macro-economic indicator is the rate of unemployment for the individual counties. A precondition for the existence of statistical dependence between structure and register...

Increasingly big amount of discussions is currently formed around digital revolution and the formation of information and knowledge society. To date digital economy has become the background of tectonic developments, which are shaping the form and structure of national economies and regional clusters, thus, influencing the nature and models of business development. Digital economy has occupied the integral role in diverse economic spheres such as: education, medicine, electrical energy, transportation, logistics a...

Background and the purpose: The Chinese economy is the fastest growing and changing economy in the modern world. The importance of the renminbi as an international currency is not relevant to China's economic potential and role in the global economy, however, many scientific studies indicate that the position of that currency in the functions of international money will become stronger in the future. This encouraged the author to assess the consequences of the renminbi internationalisation, in particular the impac...

Financial models for assessing the economic stability of an enterprise are typical by being created on empirical economic data. The test and verification samples on which they were designed contain the accounting information of selected businesses. This accounting information has been recorded, aggregated and consolidated in accordance with the accounting standards that an entity uses as a result of local legislation requirements or voluntarily. The purpose of bankruptcy models is, on the basis of accounting infor...

The subject of this paper is an analysis and evaluation of the consequences of the financial and economic crisis in 2008-2009 for the public finances in the euro area members which in 1998 (during the qualification to the common currency area) had not fulfilled the treaty criterion of public debt. Their debt ratio to GDP was close to or surpassed 100%. This pertained to: Belgium, Greece and Italy. The research also covers Portugal as after the introduction of the euro and since the recession of 2001-2003 the count...

The relevance of the study is confirmed by the fact that in the context of interchangeability seasons, activities of economic bases come with changes intension dynamics social-economic processes. So as to could be purposefully inform to seasonality, necessarily rate and analyze their. The aim of this study is developing forecast of external turnover country controlling for seasonal component. To achieve this goal the following problems were solved: analyze quarter data about dynamics of external turnover; assess t...

In the article the problems of the financial controlling in group of medical companies are being researched, the algorithms of calculation relevant in the meaning of the supplier and customer interests the indexes of economic profit are being developed, the forms of financial reporting and registers, forming the price-oriented financial indexes are being represented for the readers attention.

Worldwide, one of the most developed industries, it is the hospitality industry that consumes a considerable amount of energy to provide quality and comfort services. The used energy in hotel units has as a major component electricity, while the share of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels is considerably lower. The amount of used electricity depends primarily on the size and nature of the hotel unit, but also on the type of customer and location. In this regard, the article addresses ecological and sustainable altern...

The research aims to explain the relationship between governance and welfare, analysing 20 countries, some of the richest and most developed countries in Europe, and some developing countries. The period analysed is 2002–2016. While the World Database of Happiness is the source for welfare data, for governance we used the Worldwide Governance Indicators from the World Bank. The latter ones are widely used as some of the best comparable international governance indicators, having perception-based measures from the ...

Transylvania became an important and well-liked destination for English travelers in the nineteenth century. Their travel accounts provide intriguing insights into the cultural, social, as well as political climate of the period. John Paget’s journey was meticulously recorded in his extensive book entitled Hungary and Transylvania (1839) that served as a travel guide for other British visitors after him. Archibald Andrew Paton, writer and diplomat, synthesized his travel memoirs in the volume entitled: The Goth an...

Intangible assets play an essential role in the property structure of businesses. Technological progress and the use of information and communication technologies greatly change the so-called traditional economy. The current digitized economy is very flexible, global; it works with high-quality information systems and requires new approaches to manage partial business activities. All this, results in the growing importance of intangible assets in businesses and subsequently leads to the concentration of value in t...

The article presents the essence of productivity, the level of which, as developed countries' experience shows, is a significant factor improving the competitiveness of businesses. The notion, as well as features and multidimensionality of logistics systems have been presented. It has been determined that a well operating logistics system should be characterized by: effectiveness and efficiency, and its processes should guarantee appropriate quality. At the same time the system should be productive, profitable and...

The article describes the methodology for modeling global problems of the world economy. The main methodological provisions: the existence of the history of the problem development, the mutual influence of the problem development process, the influence of factors on problem development. The mathematical model of global problems of the world economy is formed on the basis of the system approach. A particular feature of the system approach is the choice of the system of indicators that assess global problems, the ch...

The economics has been regarded as an applied field in the economy, essentially an application of the neoclassical economy of well-being and in close connection with medical sciences and medical technology. In the scientific-didactic journal no. 1 (103) / 2018 of the Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, we have argued that the incentives to reduce the cost per case is the motivation of payment per case as a prevailing element. Case-based funding is induced by the conviction that hospitals have many opportunitie...

Spatial development of Russia has large disproportions of financial and economic nature. This can be illustrated by the example – most of the regions have a regional budget deficit. At the same time, the debts of the regions to higher budgets and banks are steadily growing. All this reduces the potential for regional development and the opportunities to ensure the economic security of regions’ development, the financial and economic risks of bankruptcy of the territories are growing. The purpose of the presented s...

The subject of this paper is an analysis and evaluation of budgetary policy and the state of public finances in Scandinavian countries of the European Union (Denmark, Finland and Sweden) in 2000-2018. The adopted basis of assessment is budget deficit and public debt ratios to the GDP. The statistical data was drown from the AMECO and IMF databases. Comparison of the situation of the public finances in the analysed countries to the average situation in the euro area is an important aspect of the evaluation. The goa...

The purpose of the report is to present a framework of marketing of Varna District as a tourist destination for cultural tourism. It defines cultural tourism and its diversity due to different motivational purposes. As an indicator of the tourism demand for cultural tourism, the number of museum visits in the destination is used. The dynamics of the volume of museums visits in Varna District was compared to the volumes of the visits in other districts of Bulgaria for the period 2012-2017. The report analyzes the r...

Tribal business in Russia has a long history and positive experience in breeding adapted to the local climate high-yielding breeds of cattle. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, tribal activities were conducted, mainly with the use of imported material, which led to the decline of domestic cattle breeding. Currently, there is a stabilization in the field of breeding activities and a gradual increase in its quality characteristics. This is confirmed by a number of analytical indicators calculated by the authors...

An important element of contemporary social and economic reality takes the form of intra- and intergenerational transfers. They are present both in the entire society scale (macro scale) and in individual families (micro scale). In the subject oriented perspective, among economic intra-family transfers the following types of transfers are identified: “gifts of time”, “gifts of space”, “financial and material transfers”. Financial transfers take two forms: inter vivos and post mortem. The first of them may have a r...

The increasing role of intellectual capital in producing goods and services, as the main source of corporate competitive advantages, makes organizations reconsider their financial reports with the aim of proper intellectual capital accounting. Currently, only intangible assets and intellectual property are recorded in financial accounts. Intellectual assets themselves, by means of which goods are produced, are not presented in modern accounting systems. The absence of information about intellectual assets in accou...

The article presents the elements of the management concept for the development of subsidiary industrial subdivisions of agrarian enterprises. The development of ancillary units (subdivisions) is supposed to be carried out through the organization of cooperatives with their participation, with the participation of other legal entities, peasant (farmer) households, representatives of private subsidiary farms possessed by the population. Subsidiary units of agrarian enterprises are given the main role. The proposed ...

Pension insurance belongs among the most important areas of social security. In 2004, a new pension system has been introduced in Slovakia. The system before the pension reform was characterized by a great deal of solidarity. Since 2004, the government has tried to place the responsibility of the future income of old-age pensions on workers/inhabitants themselves. Even the last modification of the pension system attests the unpopular and superficial solution of this important topic. There are several options to se...

This article is directed to consideration of ecological development factors in hospitality. Authors provide and analyze the data of authoritative research such as World Tourism Barometer and Statistical Annex, Environmental performance index 2017 Report, and others. They confirm the growth of tourist flow in general and increasing share of ecological hotels and objects. The information about consumer preferences changing in hospitality is also provided. The second part of article is devoted to determining the key ...

The objective of this chapter is to examine the long run relationships between public debt and macroeconomic stability in the period of 2002 to 2010. In this research I use Johansen’s cointegration analysis and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM-henceforth) in order to test the long run effect of fiscal policy on real economic activity. Reviewing the literature, from both developed and countries in transition, I find that there is large disagreement concerning the empirical evidence for the effect of fiscal polic...

The article presents the methodology developed by the author for determining the region's investment priorities for the purpose of selecting industries for inclusion in the investment portfolio. For the regions of Russia, classified in the author's typology to the problem type, as an optimal goal-oriented investment policy aimed at forming the target investment attractiveness of the region, taking into account its specific specific properties and assuming the organization of targeted work with investors. The regio...