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Discrimination in the school environment is a major problem with profound implications on the personal and educational development of students. It can take various forms, including racial, gender, ethnic, religious, social, and ability-based discrimination. In this paper, we will analyze in detail the types of discrimination encountered in schools, their causes and consequences, as well as the measures and policies implemented to combat them.In education, it could be said that a student has been deprived of an edu...

Advances in information and communication technologies are driving digitalization worldwide and expanding the understanding of globalization. In this context, European countries have launched the Digital Decade initiative to ensure that all aspects of technology and innovation benefit people by 2030. Meanwhile, growing environmental challenges and increasing regulatory obligations, such as sustainability reporting, are reshaping business practices. As a result, sustainability communication is emerging as a tool fo...

The article is devoted to the analysis of the demographic and social consequences of forced industrialization and violent collectivization in Soviet Kazakhstan, based on the data of the 1939 All-Union Population Census. The focus is on identifying the causes and consequences of the minimal population growth (only 1.3%) during the period from 1926 to 1939. This demographic stagnation is viewed as a direct result of the mass famine of the early 1930s, which led to a sharp decline in the indigenous population, especi...

This paper explores the profound and enduring influence of the Bible in the development of modern phraseology in the German, English, and Macedonian languages. As one of the most translated and influential texts in human history, the Bible has shaped not only religious and moral thought but also the idiomatic and metaphorical structures of European languages. Through comparative linguistic and cultural analysis, the study identifies and interprets biblical idioms and phraseological units that remain present in con...

Alexis Preller’s mural Discovery (1959–62), commissioned in 1959 for the Nicol Conference Hall in central Pretoria, offers a visually striking interpretation of the historic discovery of the sea route around Africa in the late 15th century. This impressive oil painting skillfully combines historical narrative with symbolic artistry. It draws inspiration from the era of Portuguese navigators and explorers, such as Vasco da Gama, as well as the rich diversity of the African continent. This period marked a significan...

This study analysis object digital traces and their influence on the content of modern Criminalistics and the Privacy of individuals. The broad in context and highlight the purpose both of the objects can by useful for better understanding those partly new phenomena in modern live. Basis of the study is to analyze different aspects of the digital traces, including its creation, collection and use. Very complicated is in actual law regulation to correctly capture the balance between the freedom to use information, ...

This paper aims to explore the meaning and scope of the right to good administration, which is enshrined in Article 41 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (CFREU). The right to good administration is one of the guarantees that the CFREU provides to every person who is subject to the actions of the EU institutions, bodies, offices and agencies. According to Article 41, this right entails, among other things, the right to be heard, the right to access one’s file, the right to receive reasons f...

In this paper we aim to present the theoretical foundations of virtual currencies, distinguishing them from legal tender, and to explore the blockchain technology that underpins their creation. We classify the existing virtual currencies into three categories (cryptocurrencies, stablecoins, and Central Bank Digital Currency), and analyze their characteristics and market evolution. We also present the evolution of popular cryptocurrencies, bitcoin and Ethereum, underline their market dynamics, historical price tren...

The article aims to identify and evaluate the impact of volunteering on the innovativeness of organizations providing social services (OPSS). The activities of these organizations depend on the political, cultural, and social factors of the country, as well as the changes brought by globalization. Thus, there is an ongoing discussion on how to better organize the activities of these institutions while providing social services. It is essential to apply innovative methods appropriately, considering the specificity ...

Protection of children is guaranteed by the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia and special protection is guaranteed to particularly vulnerable groups of children – children with disabilities, socially neglected children, orphans and minors neglected by their parents. According to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (Art. 18 para 1) parents are primarily responsible for the development, growth, upbringing and protection of the child. Additionally, Croatian Family Act prescribes that parents above all ...

The constant need to ensure the efficient use of resources, especially in the period of a challenging geopolitical situation, when the mobilization of resources in every sector of the national economy is of decisive importance, while not allowing the quality of educational services to decrease. The regulatory framework governing resource management within education system of Latvia is a multifaceted construct crucial for ensuring efficient allocation and utilization of resources. This paper provides an in-depth ex...

This paper aims to afford the issue of the role of energy in the early modern home and the relations between energy transition and social consumer behavior in Italy between the XIX and XX centuries. While the history of electric energy has been exploited by economic historians within the fields of studies on the industrial revolution, less attention was paid to the effects of energy transition on households and on their material culture. At the beginning the use of electricity in civil life was above all light, as...

Chatbot research, a pertinent and crucial domain within artificial intelligence and information technology, aims to showcase chatbots as pivotal catalysts for advanced artificial intelligence. With the evolution of technology and the burgeoning volume of information, users increasingly seek efficient means of interaction for convenient access to information, thereby facilitating communication. Chatbots, being instrumental in this endeavor, not only serve as key drivers of artificial intelligence but also play a pi...

The European Union’s Agenda 2023 underscores its robust commitment to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through a comprehensive and coordinated approach. This agenda focuses on integrating the SDGs into all EU policies and initiatives, ensuring that economic, social, and environmental dimensions are addressed simultaneously. Social sustainability is a critical dimension of sustainable development that focuses on maintaining and improving the well-being of current and future generati...

The article contains general aspects regarding the right to health and analyzes the European and national regulations in this regard, outlining certain elements specific to this right. Although the research starts from these generalities, it continues with particular aspects of access to emergency medical services for citizens, exemplifying concrete statistics from one of Romania's counties and the difficulties faced by the emergency medical system during the COVID-19 pandemics. The research is based on certain sp...

The article aims to present some of the legends surrounding precious metals and precious stones, followed by legal aspects and a brief historical overview and concluding with the fascination that precious metals and stones have for people. Precious metals and precious stones function as a signal of a person’s high social status in society. Thus, they are the insignia of powerful people; the vehicle by which a person can climb the social ladder. Precious metals and precious stones, because of their aesthetic, distu...

In modern commerce, the psycho-social aspects of price have a significant impact on the buyers. The buyer's connection to the price of a product signifies specific substantive characteristics, which inherently contribute to the application of certain factors in marketing for the exploration and examination of the issue at hand. The present study focuses on specific determinants that influence the determination of the final price by the manufacturer, the trade agent (intermediary), and the buyer themselves. Within ...

The research is aimed at analyzing some special features of transformations in the translation of the titles of authentic scientific articles in the field of ecology. The research methodology includes analysis and synthesis when working with research literature, a method of classification and systematization when working with a corpus of examples, a descriptive method when considering the principles of using translation transformations. As a result of the research, the features of the title as a structural element...

The systematic manipulation of information and disinformation has been deployed by the Russian government as an operational tool in its attack on Ukraine. The spread of disinformation by the Russian government and its allied actors, as well as the actions undertaken in response by the Ukrainian government, allied governments, and international organizations, provide an important perspective and lessons on how crisis communication. The general objective of the research is to conduct a comparative analysis of online...

Purpose: Establishing the place and importance of the General Principles of Law in the European context, with the connotations they have at the level of the Member States, as well as at the level of other states, in order to establish the indestructible link between them and the rules or norms of fundamental law or only of law private. Starting from the definitions of the General Principles on all the specified levels, the objectives to be achieved for a correct interpretation of the application of the law are to ...

The article addresses the critical role of sport in the development of social skills and its deep involvement in contemporary social agendas, highlighting its contribution to achieving a sustainable future. Through a detailed review of existing literature and case studies, the research highlights how sports activities promote cooperation, effective communication and mutual respect, vital skills in modern society. The report also looks at the impact of adapted and inclusive sports programs, which encourage the part...

The goal of the European Union is to reduce the risk of poverty and social exclusion. The risk of social exclusion involves various risk factors that adversely affect family life as well as everyday needs. Indirect discrimination also leads to social exclusion. In essence, social exclusion represents multidimensional marginalization that does not contribute to social integration policies aimed at creating an integrated and socially active society. French sociologist Emile Durkheim has already stressed that the inc...

Creating a beverage menu requires a meticulous approach based on a solid understanding of customer preferences, current industry trends and the operational capabilities of the foodservice establishment. Menu presentation should be clear, concise and attractive to facilitate quick understanding of available options and to promote sales. One of the key points emphasized is that beverage menus are not just product listings, but true communication and marketing tools. They must reflect the identity and concept of the ...

Correspondence between a lawyer and his client, regardless of its purpose, is protected under article 8 of the Convention, which gives it increased protection in terms of confidentiality. In Romania, the Constitutional Court considers regarding the correspondence between a lawyer and his client, that it contributes essentially to the defense of the client, being an intrinsic element of the fundamental right to defense, enshrined in article 24 of the Constitution. Therefore, the lawyer-client relationship is qualif...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of AI in translation, particularly in the context of machine-translated texts and the differences between HT and MT. The focus of this investigation is to discover whether this software can compete with the skills of professional translators and eventually replace them. The trigger comes mainly from articles on machine translation vs human translation that I read to have a broader view of this topic. Artificial intelligence seems to have revolutionized machine tr...

Cultural journalism is a sub-field of journalism characterized by specific knowledge and education required from the journalists working as both reporters and reviewers and often close interaction with arts and cultural industries. The importance of cultural journalism lies in its role of providing for society a self-reflective discourse describing values and modeling patterns of behaviour and thought through journalistic practices such as reporting and reviewing on everyday culture and arts. However, the role of ...

The policy imposed by the authorities in Romania from the moment of transitioning to the communist regime (1947), followed the Soviet model, which was based on the materialist-atheist ideology, however adapted to Romanian society. The repercussions were multiple, among them including the suppression of free expression of religious sentiment. In this context were most of the cults in Romania, among which the Orthodox Church. Predominant in Romania, this Church suffered greatly from the communist regime, which perse...

This paper undertakes a critical analysis of five key evaluations conducted by UNICEF during the period of 2018-2023, with a specific focus on gender and inclusivity. The study aims to assess how effectively gender and inclusivity considerations have been integrated and addressed in these evaluations, contributing to the broader discourse on equitable and inclusive development practices, in Lesotho. The methodology involves a detailed examination of the selected evaluation reports. This approach enables an indepth...

The creation of D. Oistrakh is one of the highest achievements in the native musical art of the 20th century. D. Oistrakh’s impressive performing skills, the philosophical depth and the scale of his interpretations, the sensitivity to everything new were combined with the inspiration of the pedagogical work, the special care about the transformation of his great creative experience to the new generation of the violinists. Studying the creative heritage of D. Oistrakh, we can confirm that he has created the origina...

The demands of the contemporary society revealed the necessity to create a legislative framework that would be able to provide concrete solutions to ensure the balance between professional and private life. To achieve this, it was emphasized at the European Union level that workers ought to gain from suitable policies that would motivate them to keep their jobs or go back to work after carrying out responsibilities imposed by their personal lives, such as being parents or family caregivers. The European Union’s le...

The digital transformation requires new knowledge and skills of police officers, thus the competences necessary for the usage of smart, innovative technologies become critical. It is important to ensure that these technologies are integrated into the security policy to effectively fight crime and to ensure the highest standards of respect for citizens’ fundamental rights and freedoms. However, there is a lack of information on what competencies are necessary for the qualified usage of innovative technologies of to...

Following the discontinuance of funding of the Croatian national term base – Struna (http://struna.ihjj.hr/) in 2019. we initiated the development of a new methodology for creating terminological collections independent of field experts' input for the initial terminological data. A possible solution to our problem of finding a compact and robust source for generating information in the early stages of processing terminology (the ‘raw definitions’) in various domains could be found in the publicly available AI lang...

In the history of culture, one of the most important periods in the study of the problem of the nature and formation of the “perfect man” was the historical stratum of medieval Islamic culture, in which the Sufi discourse played an important role. Sufism as a religious and mystical direction in Islam is actualized in the light of the study of the classical cultural heritage of the peoples of the East and modern socio-cultural processes. Sufism played a significant role in the development of medieval Islamic cultur...

Artificial intelligence (AI)’s emergence along with its progressively broader impact on different sectors needs assessment of all effects on achievement of each sustainable development goal (SDG). As AI technology turns to be more prominent in lives of individuals, increasing number of practitioners as well as researchers have underscored importance to integrate AI as one learning content. In spite of recent efforts to develop AI curricula along with guiding frameworks within AI education, every educational opport...

Technological change is transforming traditional perceptions of judging. There is an interesting and complex dilemma: when will the era of online courts arrive, and firstly what consequences will it have for the interpretation of the right to a fair trial, including the requirement of publicity of court proceedings? There is no doubt that the emergence of online courts brings a new chapter in the concept of the "ideal space for justice". This novelty challenges the constitutional institutions and may requires the ...

The final frontier of European transitional energy law must be found in the introduction of a balanced and efficient system of climate and energy justice. The stratification, over time, of multiple rules in European Union law, both soft law and hard law, has, on the one hand, ensured legal certainty and regulation of the various aspects of the matter but, on the other hand, risks increasing litigation between the players in this field exponentially. The significant increase in the number of regulations governing t...

The aim of this paper is to find out the main determinants of the bilateral trade between the BRICS countries. The BRICS countries are fast growing, emerging markets, relatively recently known as a group that counts for more than a third of the world’s land and more than 40% of the world’s population. The augmented gravity model was used because is the model that explains most of the international bilateral trade and a panel approach was chosen to address the heteroskedasticity issues. The linear regression using ...

Women’s inheritance rights in biblical and European contexts are complex topics that have been extensively studied by scholars in various fields such as history, theology, and social studies. In both contexts, women’s inheritance rights were influenced by cultural norms, religious beliefs and legal systems. Biblically, women’s inheritance rights are emphasized in the Old Testament, especially in the laws of Moses found in books such as Deuteronomy and Numbers. These laws provide clear guidelines for the distributi...

European Union (EU) has been at the forefront of efforts to disrupt and dismantle the financial networks that sustain terrorist organizations. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory frameworks and enforcement mechanisms employed by the EU in its fight against the financing of terrorism. The study analyses the threat by examining the different funding methods used over the years by various terrorist organizations. Then, the research scrutinizes the role of EU frameworks and mechanisms to mit...

The aim of this study was to research the relationship between depression, stress and some risky behaviors, i.e. the use of alcohol, marijuana and problematic Internet use (PIU) during the Covid-19 pandemic among students of the University of Zagreb. The research was conducted during July, 2022. The final sample consisted of 112 participants who met the criteria for inclusion in the sample, 97 were female, 13 male and 2 undetermined. The questionnaire consisted of The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (modified...

The swift evolution of education, catalyzed by the global pandemic, has driven the infusion of advanced technologies into higher education. As student expectations evolve amid global trends, a paradigm shift in pedagogical strategies is underway. This paper explores the realm of international business education and investigates the influence of Blended Learning in International Contexts (BLIC) on increasing students’ employability. This study analyzes the motivating factors propelling student participation in virt...

At the beginning of the 1990s, Ralf Dahrendorf outlined that political or constitutional changes can be made in 6 months, economic reforms over 6 years, and solid democratic foundations, in the form of an active civil society in 60 years. The political culture of consensus or its absence critically influence the way that transformations are made, the formation of political structures. Why did illiberal political systems emerge in Central Europe, especially in Hungary? The paper will mainly try to analyse the socia...

The scientific approach aims at analyzing the legislation in Romania regarding the recognition of the exercise of civil legal capacity under the conditions of equal opportunities in favor of vulnerable adults against whom a special protection measure has been taken. As a first step, we will give arguments for the need of protecting the civil legal ability of an adult natural person with intellectual and psychosocial disabilities, even if protective measures have been implemented. In addition, the concept of legal ...

The transition to the market economy and the recalibration of budgets, financial independency and the transfer of responsibility to the local level in the management of social work budgets have caused concerns for the rational spending of money intended for these activities. We are still very far from managing these budgets fairly and efficiently, but the direction is very clear: the money will be little and must be used efficiently. The health and economic crisis that followed should lead to efficiency in the fir...

Background: Childhood maltreatment (including sexual abuse, physical abuse, and neglect) is a significant risk factor for substance use and drug-related problems in adolescents and young adulthood. Objective: This study aimed to examine the associations between social support, forms of abuse experienced in childhood, and subsequent alcohol and drug use in young adulthood. Method: Data were drawn from a large-scale, nationally representative longitudinal sample of N=1,497. Hierarchical and logistic regressions were...

The concept of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) has emerged as a key pillar of environmental policies, designed to shift the financial and operational burden of waste management from governments and consumers to producers. This paper explores the legal framework surrounding EPR, examining its impact on recycling practices in various sectors, such as electronics, packaging and end-of-life vehicles. The EPR aims to incentivise producers to design more sustainable products by making them responsible for their e...

Human activity on the planet has created ecological problems, and it is necessary to find new solutions to the sustainable development of rural areas, thereby affecting the rural areas socially, economically, culturally and environmentally. Sustainable development allows society to increase prosperity, and one of the pillars of prosperity is an attractive living environment. Modern society’s perception tends to change, highly appreciating the need for local economic development. Each country applies a different ap...

Nowadays, being aware of the special ecological relations, environmental protection policies are relevant in the world and especially in Europe where the European Green Deal is in place. The goal of the tourism development policy of Latvia until 2027 emphasizes the sustainable development of tourism, with a legal framework being designed for environment-friendly kinds of tourism. Creating travel destinations in the context of environmental protection involves the principles of sustainable tourism in relation to th...

The present paper presents the results of an Erasmus+ project entitled ” Development of New Skills for Medical Students in Pandemic Context. For most of the medical universities digital readiness/capacity was found unprepared for the COVID induced changes toward on-line education. Now, after 2 years, on line education is not anymore a novelty in higher education. But, especially for medical students, the problem raised during COVID pandemics was to follow practical stages. Telemedicine is a solution adopted in man...

Today we are assisting the increasing diffusion of text-to-image programs that are causing many debates relative to aesthetics and culture and therefore the images produced via a "prompt" defined by the user. In fact, there are disturbing questions behind all of which it hides and hides a banalization of the idea itself of art and consequently that of AI, however, it raises fundamental questions, such as: AI can effectively produce art or, at least, artistic content that is also relevant? Can AI be considered as a...