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GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF THE CROATIAN CHILD PROTECTION SYSTEM
Abstract
Protection of children is guaranteed by the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia and special protection is guaranteed to particularly vulnerable groups of children – children with disabilities, socially neglected children, orphans and minors neglected by their parents. According to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (Art. 18 para 1) parents are primarily responsible for the development, growth, upbringing and protection of the child. Additionally, Croatian Family Act prescribes that parents above all have the right, duty and responsibility to live with their child and take care of him/her, and help is provided and interventions are made only when is needed. Therefore, the state intervention, i.e. authority of the state to intervene in family life of children and their parents takes place when parent(s) are not able to exercise parental care independently or in a satisfactory manner and child’s rights in the family are endangered or violated. Aim of such interventions are protection of the child’s rights and welfare. Protection of a child without adequate parental care is provided by the institute of guardianship. Child protection is also emphasized when it comes to the child's right to a standard of living, especially concerning maintenance of a child and temporary maintenance institute. In cases of poverty, when child’s family doesn't have enough resources to meet basic life needs, various forms of assistance to children and families – e.g. different forms of benefits as well as social services, the social welfare system aims to provide. Having in mind these crucial areas of Croatian child protection system in this paper we will present and analyze fundamental guiding principles which derive from relevant legal documents aiming to emphasize the value and importance of child protection in the Croatian family law system as well as to indicate some challenges in implementation of those principles and give some proposals de lege ferenda.
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