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From the earliest times, the man tried to find ways to reduce the stress level and to find ways to relax physical, mental and spiritual. The sauna is one of most renowned method for its healing properties. There are many types of saunas, the most known are the finnish traditional sauna and the infrared sauna; the last one, because of the technology used, is the most up to date. A new concept appeared few years ago in the infrared saunas domain, and that is the usage of a chromotherapy during the sesion. The infrar...

The period of the late 2nd – beginning 1st millennium BC in the Eurasian steppes and in the Lower Volga region was marked by the emergence of cattle breeding which was a new form of nomadic economic order. Some historians associate the transition to semi-nomadic and nomadic economy with climatic changes in the form of increasing processes of aridization and technological prerequisites. In the early Iron Age, along with environmental and economic changes, numerous cultural and ethnic transformations took place. The...

The main attention in the article is paid to a problem of public transport along suburban routes tariff transportations calculation. Research represents system approach, which is describing harmonization interests of the suburban passenger traffic market participants. The existent methods analysis of tariff formation for public transport services is conducted in this paper. Nowadays these methods do not reflect interests of all market participants and also do not take into account all influencing factors. The nece...

The concept of political extremism is used by lay and expert public in various contexts. Because of a diversity of its perception in political, societal, journalist, official, criminal, scientific, or lay context, it is extraordinary vague concept, which belongs among the most amorphous concepts in the social sciences. The issue of the extremism has attracted, during the last 30 years, attention of the major part particularly the European political science community. Development and research of this phenomenon is ...

Background: This analytical approach aims to accentuate the interconnections between two universes which are apparently in contradiction: ideal and pragmatic, or symbol and sound. The mountain – viewed as a place of creative inspiration – represents a leitmotif of creation in most of the artistic fields. Thus, literature, visual arts and music give this symbol a historical anchor in the artistic movements of all eras Methods: In order to exemplify a possible way of interference between the two philosophical areas,...

The purpose of the research is to evaluate the legal framework of virtual currency in various countries. The virtual currency or cryptocurrency is a cryptographically protected decentralized digital currency used as means of exchange. Due to development of new technologies and innovations, the rate of using of virtual currency is rapidly increasing throughout the globe, replacing not only cash payment and payments by bank transfer, but also electronic cash payments. Among the best-known representatives of cryptocu...

In the modern system of vocational education, the research activities of students play an important role in ensuring the quality of their professional training. At the same time, at the present, the prestige of scientific activity and the activity of students in this field have significantly decreased, which actualizes the need to develop new forms and tools for involving students in research activities. Despite a rather large number of studies in this area, the issues of new forms and effective tools for involvin...

The article is devoted to research on epigraph and its function in a fictional text. The epigraph-text interactions may be of great importance for decoding the meanings of both. The epigraph is reported to perform a dialogic, a structuring and an informative function in the text, the latter function introducing two types of information: subjective and content-related. While the subjective information is mainly about the author of the text, the content-related information is considered to fall into factual (develop...

The D?browa Basin is a socio-economic region established in the 19th century. It is located in southern Poland. The time periods cover the years 1975-1989. The initial date is 1975 - under the act of the Sejm [lower chamber of the Polish parliament] of the People's Republic of Poland of 28 May 1975 on the national administrative reform, 49 provinces were established in place of the then 17 ones. In turn, the closing date is marked by 1989 - the beginning of the political transformation in Poland. A basic research ...

Attractive public spaces are among the magnets encouraging people to settle down in. In this context, a question ought to be posed: how should public spaces be planned along with the phenomena of depopulation occurring in cities? The cognitive goal is to determine the relationship between urban shrinkage manifestations and public space planning on the example of selected Polish cities with more than 500,000 inhabitants. The practical goal is to set recommendations for the adaptation of urban spatial development po...

The aim of the research undertaken by authors was to analyze the prospects for the development of international cooperation in the field of criminal justice, as well as to assess the prospects for the development of joint counteraction to crime between the Russian Federation and foreign states. Its methodology included both the general scientific methods and specific juridical methods of cognition. The results of the research make it possible to obtain new knowledge in the field of organizing international coopera...

In the context of growing competition in the world market and the corresponding search for new development tools, the creation of special economic zones of various kinds contributes to the formation of poles of economic growth not only in the export and import of products, but also in the creation of industrial complexes and innovative sectors of development. Currently, the creation and functioning of special economic zones is a tool to stimulate the competitive advantages of territories, international economic co...

The paper considers a problem of gemstones valuation, based on real data. The main goal includes constructing a model that determines the evaluated price of a given stone on the basis of its description, expressed as a set of input variables values. A classic approach, utilising a multiple linear regression tool, is compared with nonlinear multilayer perceptrons. As the dataset contains a number of qualitative variables (e.g. gemstone colour purity, the clarity of the structure and a symbol of the certifying autho...

Beauty and accuracy are the two features that a botanical illustration must have in order to be considered as such, rather than simply as an artistic representation of a plant. The scientific and teaching focus must take priority over questions of aesthetics and art. From the first example of botanical illustration on the walls of the Temple of Thutmose III in Karnak, to the illustrations of Redouté in the 19th century, the evolution of botanical illustration has been constant and parallel to science, until photog...

The processes of national self-identification and globalization are closely intertwined in the life of modern society. It is on this basis that their study and understanding should be carried out in correlation. Globalization is a complex set of factors of influence in the modern world, which determine, among other things, the vectors of identification processes. National identity is formed at the boundaries of multiple cultural worlds. The process of national self-identification is a complex and contradictory uni...

The aim of the article is to explore real factors of the economic transformation in some Arab countries – exporters of natural resources, such as Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (the UAE) and the Republic of Sudan, as the concrete examples of limitations, which influence on the potential of development of the transitional economies of the Western Asian and African states. Among the factors of economic development and growth there are not only factors of supply, in the first instance raw materials, capital a...

At the beginning of the third millennium, rural areas are still representing the home for more than 45% of the world’s population. Despite the lacks of a clear definition for rural space, there are sufficient classifications and approaches which can give an almost clear image of the rural areas importance and dynamics. IPCC reports do not approach rural space as a distinct element of human society but many rural space components are approached from specific viewpoints and through specific disciplines. Relevant fin...

Between 1697 and 1708, Prince Giovanni Gastone de’ Medici (or Gian Gastone) and Anna Maria Francesca of Saxe-Lauenburg, his consort, resided in Bohemia in the hopes of conceiving a child and perpetuating the Medici dynasty. Despite the ultimate failure to produce an heir and Gian Gastone’s return to Tuscany alone, his Bohemian stay was nevertheless of great cultural, political, and diplomatic importance. The study will analyze the impact of the stereotypes on the theme of Gian Gastone in Bohemia. In both the histo...

The article deals with the expandability of the traditional distance learning by Internet technologies. The basis and the advantages of the Internet technologies application are described. The authors analyze the international experience in the creation of educational content. The most large-scale projects: Coursera, edX, TedEd and others are reviewed. It is revealed that the open educational resources available in Russia are at the stage of formation. The establishment and widespread use of OCW and MOOC in the un...

Creative competencies of teacher constitute the area explored by educators for many years. Conception of teacher as reflective practitioner is also the important direction for training and supporting the teachers in their profession. The essential role plays here the feature of reflectiveness understood as self-knowledge, meta-cognition and thinking over different contexts of reality for which the genesis is uncertainty, feeling of ambiguity and doubts. As for creative development the significant features seem to ...

The purpose of the article is to analyze change of emotive value in lexical units of Russian language in modern discourse. To describe the studied material (lexical units) 1) componential analysis (the analysis of value of lexical units), 2) questionnaire method 3) the method of observing of functioning of emotive lexical units in the texts extracted from The Russian National Corpus are used. The description in aspect of emotivity of twenty four lexical units was carried out step by step. The conclusion on attribu...

The economic activity through its correlative system is under the direct influence of human capital as a determinant. Tourism as an economic activity has great potential for transformation. This potential is due to the upward trend, together with other economic activities, to the attention of the specialists, who are dealing with the irreparable destruction of the environment. In this sense, tourism and the environment have been a matter of discussion for the scientists of the past two decades, which led to the fo...

Designing ships is no mean achievement. In the old days, constructors focused on making their ships visually appealing, while paying scant regard to the living conditions of the crew. Such an approach reflected the state of the art in ship building at the time as well as the social order prevalent in those days. A breakthrough came no earlier than at the turn of the 19th / 20th centuries. The industrial revolution brought along advances in technology and contributed to greater social awareness. The living conditio...

Nowadays, commerce is also actively transforming, moving from offline to online. There is a constant annually dramatic growth of retail e-commerce sales. This thesis establishes the importance of electronic money, online payments and the role of e-commerce in the modern world; describes the peculiarities of e-money market and e-commerce in Russia and in global. In general, it is possible to note several trends in the Russian market of e-commerce. One of them is an active growth of the segment of payments of the Ru...

Small industrial towns of the Ural region (about 200 in number) are mainly one-company towns, their history dating back about 300 years. Most of them are now experiencing economic decline because raw materials have already been exhausted, and agglomeration processes intensify the outflow of population. However, they constitute a unique settlement system, well thought-out and adjusted to the climatic conditions, and retain lifestyle, system of values and mentality aimed at the active interaction between man and nat...

Currently, one of the main directions of Russian policy in the sphere of economic security and social and economic development of the territories is to ensure the sustainable development of the national financial system. The base for the development of the financial system is the corporate finance. The share of tax revenues of regional budgets in Russia is in the range of 70-85%, as shown by the analysis of the dynamics of revenues of the consolidated budget of the region. The share of tax revenues from the ten la...

The study is based on the hypothesis that various extracts from Usnea barbata L. have antibacterial action. In this work, six lichen extracts of different concentrations in: 96% ethanol, acetone and water, have been studied. Their inhibitory action was tested by diffusimetric antibiogram method, on Gram-positive bacteria from the oro-dental cavity: two Streptococcus species: Streptococcus intermedius and Streptococcus oralis and two Staphylococcus species: Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus. Our ...

The offence of false testimony is codified in Chapter XXX Article 233 of the Polish Criminal Code: “Offences against the Administration of Justice”. This liability is dependent on the person taking the testimony, while acting within his or her authorisation, must have warned the person testifying about the criminal liability for giving false testimony, or must have obtained a relevant oath. Prior to 2016, the perpetrator of this crime was liable to imprisonment for between six months and three years, but the 2016 ...

This paper took as reference the master’s dissertation “In-between times: plastic and environmental dialogue between eighteenth-century architecture and the Rio de Janeiro Saint Benedict’s School project, (1967-69), a reflection of historical memories and commentaries” [1]. Memories of the architect are rescued, as well as historical references from the project of the Rio de Janeiro Saint Benedict’s School, 1967-69. The variance of the documentary image researched in photos, croquis and blueprints stimulated the m...

Different studies indicate that problems occurring during adolescence can impact the appearance of disharmonic tendencies in the development of personality [1]; nevertheless, other studies show that some adults show no signs of such tendencies, as they possess the psychological capacity of resilience [2] [3]. The general objective of this research was to analyse the Romanian adolescents’ resilience in relation to disharmonic tendencies during the structuring of personality. The subjects were 62 adolescents from Bu...

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of occupational safety at work. building an effective recruitment mechanism. The basic legislation in the field of labor protection is presented. One of the conditions for their provision is the creation and successful operation of the OSH management system. In order for the integration of the implemented OSH management system into the overall management system of the organization to be effective, certain organizational and methodological rules are established that take...

There is a large body of research on hybrid organisations and interactions between multiple logics in social enterprises and non-profit organisations, but there are few studies in this area that are related to higher education and healthcare fields. Some scholars claims that hybridity downgrades organisational performance, while others suggest that hybridity can strengthen organisations, making them more sustainable and innovative. The investigation of this problem is main subject of the paper. The aim of this pap...

The article considers the results of the biological age assessment of 354 students of Magnitogorsk State Technical University named after G. I. Nosov. The study reveals that the age increasing shows the deterioration of health, as for 1.66 times decline of the number of people with good health and 1.93 times increase of the number of students with satisfactory health standard. In all age groups the most students have a biological age below the supposed one, but a third of the students have a biological age higher ...

This paper describes the photographic heritage of Diane Arbus in the context of visual overcoming and transformation of the norm. Interest in what most people would call outcasts, misfits and freaks as an accepted theme of the underground culture finds a new semiotic interpretation in the artist’s work. Inspired by Tod Browning's cult horror movie Freaks (1932), which featured an array of marginalized physical disabilities, Arbus creates her own freaks gallery (A Jewish giant at home with his parents in the Bronx,...

According to the National Authority for Persons with Disabilities, in 2017 there were 791.761 Romanians with disabilities. Disability is a dynamic construct, outlined at the interplay between medical impairments, personal factors and social and environmental barriers that impede equal chances and normal participation in the community. The goal of the current study is to catch a glimpse into internet usage among people with disabilities. Internet of Things comes as a valuable asset in helping them connect with othe...

The cities which are in a contact with watercourse are with this specific location unique and appealing. Urban links with the embankments open the city to the attractive promenades, used for relaxation and recreation. These public spaces of promenades comprise the potential for social impulses and meeting places. They are humanizing cities and integrating urban and natural elements. The city-making, place-making and the attractivity of the waterfront can have a diverse functional basis, thus creating a big range o...

This article focuses on the sacred space, on specifics of deploymentand manifestation in the profane world. About hierotopy as a method that allows to study the processes of creation of sacred space and the consciousness of people participating in the process of sacralization. Particular attention is paid to the hierotopic practice of sacralization as the method of transforming profane space into a sacred space. It is accentuatedthe difference between hierophany and hierotopy as two ways of creating a sacred space...

Tolerance is one of the values that is becoming more and more important in different world agendas, especially at a time when theories of conflicts between cultures, civilizations and religions are being furiously propagated, and when the world is facing a multidimensional crisis. Today, tolerance is needed as air. Its spirit should be distributed in all dimensions of life, it must "be applied as a principle in education; we need to build generations in conjunction with this crucial value. [6, p. 109] This paper i...

Ancient Russian fine art is one of the main values of Russian culture, which has long and firmly occupied a worthy place among the world's spiritual universals. The search for ways to recreate the integral type of artistic consciousness – a national and historical one, actualised by modern science - significantly increases interest in various manifestations of this powerful layer of the world cultural heritage, suggesting not only its study and mastering art techniques of old masters, but also preservation for fut...

The submitted article analyses the current situation concerning implementation of methods of continuous improvement in industrial companies. The results are based on a survey carried out in 2016 - 2017. The survey was carried out in industrial companies employing 250 to 2,500 employees, mainly in joint stock companies and limited liability companies, with majority of Czech capital. It mostly concerns companies focused on automotive industry both from the production point of view as well as from the finished produc...

The article is devoted to the research of relation between the competitive position of the firm (cluster) and monetary policy. For objective reasons, the Bank of Russia cannot become the main driver of economic development, but can create conditions for this by maintaining price, social and financial stability, ensuring stability and development of the financial sector and settlement system. Bank of Russia conducts monetary policy within the framework of inflation targeting. The interaction of monetary policy and ...

The article considers M. Heidegger’s and H. Arendt’s approaches to the problem of the self in its connection to the problem of the Other, emphasizing the significance of Arendt’s comprehension of conscience. The methodological basis of the study is formed by the systematic method, the comparative analysis of approaches, and the transition from the particular to the general in the formulations of conclusions. The analysis of the call of conscience, which according to Heidegger turns our existence towards itself and...

At present, the patients' safety is the key parameter of quality of health care provided. Falls of hospitalized patients constitute the most frequently reported accidents in health care facilities. A fall may occur for different reasons, e.g. due to weakness or balance disorder, sudden change of health condition, sight disorder, effects of medicines, slipping due to unsuitable shoes, disorientation in unknown environment. The prevention of falls constitutes the base of nursing care for a fall-endangered patient. E...

In the Hebrew Scripture, the representation of God is totally forbidden by the second commandment of the Decalogue. The Ten Commandments also debut with the categorical affirmation of One God and with the prohibition to represent Him in some contingent form. Deuteronomy 4:12 is a development of this commandment, insisting that the anthropomorphic representation of God is forbidden, because „no appearance was visible to you, except the voice”. The voice of God is revealed, becomes "visible", perceptible to the sens...

With time, the localities within the Carpathian and Sub-Carpathian space of Romania have changed their functionality because of several historical and social events that took place. The study aims to highlight the transformations that have been observed over time, explaining the situation of the last few years and the trends that could favour the local economic situation. Thus, the research has been based on the analysis of the documents that rightfully proclaimed the establishment of the locality, on the analysis...

Business creating and developing is a complex, multifaceted and risky task. One of the ways to solve such tasks is to create an internal control system. Internal control should be exercised at all the levels of enterprise management. The current state of this issue does not provide clear recommendations for solving the problem, and this leads to an increase of the cost and tax burden. The organization of internal control is complicated due to the vagueness of the wording of the content of this type of control in t...

The 2030 agenda for sustainable development addresses the challenges of economic, health and development inequalities within and among countries and regions, by defining an ambitious framework to foster peaceful, just and inclusive societies in all over the world. In the pursuit of establishing win-win cooperation between all countries and all regions of the world, the framework envisages 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) to achieve sustainable development in a balanced and integrated manner of all key dimen...

During the history, water resources represented, particularly through the big watercourses, the seesaw of grand civilizations. Indispensable factor of life, water brought the enlargement and also decline to the peoples from antiquity. Water management techniques for rural and urban area became during history much diversified instruments. If till some decades ago, water excess removal was focused almost exclusively on quantitative aspects, modern land drainage is part of water integrated management, removing or con...

Topicality. The visualization of scientific inquiry became already a specific but recognized and independent from the scientific rules - art. For medicine the visualization is still a technical tool to adjust the professional routine procedure, especially for surgery. Could we find the sense of the beauty in the case of bloody surgery invasion? If not, what is the purpose to make a video registration of the surgery invasion and to organize a competition between films in the frame of Surgery Conferences? The aim is...

The paper debates possible authorship of designs for printed illustrations in one of the most famous anatomies issued during the Renaissance period – the work of Andreas Vesalius entitled De humani corporis fabrica libri septem pubished in 1543. The anatomy contains more than 250 illustrations, of which 22 are made on large folio plates; three of them depicting skeletons, others depicting human body structures. Many studies have analyzed possible masters who prepared designs for the illustrations in question. Amon...