Scholarly record
HISTORICAL LEGACY OF INDUSTRIAL TOWNS IN THE URALS: URBANISTIC AND SOCIOCULTURAL ASPECTS
Abstract
Small industrial towns of the Ural region (about 200 in number) are mainly one-company towns, their history dating back about 300 years. Most of them are now experiencing economic decline because raw materials have already been exhausted, and agglomeration processes intensify the outflow of population. However, they constitute a unique settlement system, well thought-out and adjusted to the climatic conditions, and retain lifestyle, system of values and mentality aimed at the active interaction between man and nature, which implies the minimization of human impact thereon. The roots of this tradition can be traced in the culture of metallurgical proto-towns of the South Urals in the second millennium B.C. Its decline begins in the middle of the 19th century with the advent of large capitalist production aimed at quantitative indicators, and continues with the modernization processes of socialist Russia. The article aims to prove that the major urban planning and architectural indicators of small industrial towns of the Urals comply with the modern criteria for sustainable development. Taking historical facts, photographic evidence data, and materials from the Urals folklore (fairy tales by Pavel Bazhov) as a basis, the author shows the need to study and maintain the historical experience in urban planning and architecture, and compares this experience with that of a number of other old industrial regions. These studies may help to define economic and sociocultural "development points" of the Ural region as a whole.
Publication Impact Profile
Publication details
References15
Alferov, N.S., Architects of the Old Urals, Sverdlovsk, Russia, 1960, p 215;
Bystrova, T.Yu. Protoarchitecture of the Urals as a Challenge to Modern Industrial Landscape Eighth Tatishchev Readings, Proceedings of Regional Research Conference Ekaterinburg, Russia, 2010, pp 75–78;
Golikova, S.V. Factory Settlements as a Special Type of Ural Settlements in the 18th–early 20th Centuries, Document. Archive. History. Modernity: Collection of scientific papers, Ekaterinburg, Russia, 2003, p 66–87;
Esaulov, G.V. Sustainable Architecture – from Principles to Development Strategy, Bulletin of Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Russia, 2014, vol. 6, pp 9–23;
Kaptikov, A.Yu., Stone Architecture of the Russian North, Vyatka, and the Urals in the 18th Century. Issue of Regional Schools, Sverdlovsk, Russia, 1990, p 184;
Lahtin, V.N. Settlement System and Architectural and Planning Layout of Cities and Towns in the Urals, Мoscow: Stroyizdat, Russia, 1977, p 126;
Lorenz, W., & Heres, B. The Demidov Ironworks in Nevyansk – Iron Structures in Building from the First Half of the 18th Century, 5th International Congress on Construction History, Russia, 2017. URL: https://bautechnikgeschichte.files.wordpress.com/2015/07/lorenz.pdf 30.01.2017
Lotareva, R.M. Factory Towns of Russia in the 18th and the First Half of 19th Centuries, Ekaterinburg, Russia, 1993, p 216;
Nefedov, V.A. Landscape and Architecture: Interaction for Sustainability Proceedings of the Latvia University of Agriculture, Landscape Architecture and Art vol. 1, Jelgava, Latvia, 2012, pp 44-47;
Remizov, A.N. Sustainable Principles of New Urbanism, Urban Planning, vol. 5, Russia, 2010, pp 44-50;
Salmina, O.E., & Bystrova, T.Yu. Genesis of Sustainable Architecture: from a Passive House to an Active One, Bulletin of Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, vol. 3, Russia, 2016, pp 28–39;
Saprykina, N.A. Potential Opportunities of Using Ecological Design Principles in Architecture, Bulletin of Universities. Construction, Russia, 2003, vol. 9, pp 129–134;
Shipitsina, O.A. Industrial Complexes of the Urals, Architecton: bulletin of the universities, vol. 33, Russia, 2011, URL: http://archvuz.ru/2011_1/3
Tetior, A.N. Urban Sustainable Development, Мoscow, Russia, 1999, p 323;
Vasina, T.A. Factories on the Banks of the Kama River: Population, Culture, and Everyday Life (Late 18th – First Half of the 19th Centuries), Izhevsk, Russia, 2006, p 280.
View or Download full articleAccess options
SWS access login
Login as SWS Scientific CommitteeLogin as SWS Scientific PartnerLogin as SWS AuthorAuthors and approved SWS contributors will read and export their own linked papers after identity matching by SWS profile, email and SGEM GlobalID.
For librarian assistance: [email protected]
Purchase Instant Access
- Article can be downloaded after successful payment.
- Article may be used according to SWS library access terms.
- Article cannot be redistributed.
