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The paper issue is theoretical and methodological basis of studies in suicide terrorism motivation and rationality, legitimized by radical Islam. Two methodological ideas are identified as dominant and defining paradigmal features of Western researches of suicide terrorism - the concept of rational actor and multi-causal approach. Concept of rational actor in most cases is interpreted through the sociological point of view: it takes into account a social group, not an individual. When individual motivation is view...

Style is a fundamental category of aesthetics and the study of art: it is easily defined but hardly lends itself to theoretical research. Alexey Losev (1893–1988), a Russian philologist, philosopher and musicologist, presented some examples of the most comprehensive consideration of style as an aesthetic category within the broadest notional context in his main work on this topic “The Theory of Art Style.” However, Losev's idea about an aspect of style that is not divided by any components requires some spec...

The paper deals with the epistemological topic of rationality. Are there any general principles of rationality? How is the concept of common sense connected to rationality and scientific cognition? The aim of this article is to answer these questions. Firstly, the author defines the main principles of rationality. We distinguish two main groups of such principles: the principles concerning the system of beliefs and the principles concerning inferential mechanisms. The members of the first group are for instance on...

Paper is based on the understanding of globalization as a complex phenomenon and focuses on detecting of cultural contours of globalization process. Globalization is studied today in many contexts: global civilization and its risks in current stage of historical development, pitfalls of multiculturalism, cultural plurality and cultural difference both as set of values, nature of the differences among cultures, their influence on international relations and on addressing of global problems, global cultural gap, cul...

The existence of a philosophy in Christianity was regarded as unfounded even by some of the writers of the first Christian centuries. More precisely, the idea presented in some patristic texts was that the Logos the Greeks had been looking for became incarnate and proved His truthfulness to the people. Even though the Greek philosophy may be regarded as a gift from God, namely as a manifestation of the eternal Logos - which manifestation gained a philosophic expression through Heraclitus and Plato - Christianity h...

In the center of our attention is the Slovak cultural tradition in the period of post-modernism, focused on some selected issues associated with the imaging of the human body in the visual arts. The Slovak culture in the postmodern context takes the elements characteristic for the whole postmodernism : unifying world views fall apart and individual, group or regional perspectives are preferred; universalism (the ideas on universal human values and theories) is being desintegrated; logocentrism as well as the belie...

John Dewey (1859-1952) was an American pragmatist under the influence of Charles Darwin's evolutionism. In 1934 he published his aesthetic summa Art as Experience. In the book he promoted a new approach to art and introduced understanding of it as an indispensable part of human life in the contrast to regarding art as an exclusive activity reserved for the chosen. Art for Art's Sake slogan was something he found harmful and openly criticized. For Dewey art is born out of daily experiences of a human being interact...

This article examines theoretical background of interreligious dialogue from the perspective of “the kingdom message” that is to be understood, either explicitly or implicitly, the core reference point of all Christian philosophy and theology. The main objective of the article is to point out the significance of hermeneutics of “the kingdom message” for interreligious dialogue. The question “What is the relevance of the kingdom message to the interreligious dialogue today?” may be, therefore, considere...

Even at the dawn of human civilization, there was a cult of death, which depending on the worldview of a people, called and represented death differently. With the appearance of religion this phenomenon was interpreted with theological positions. Dispute about the nature of death and its meaning as philosophers and thinkers. The phenomenon of "death" was depicted in the literature, arts, theater, cinema. The death is depicted in recently appeared japan cultural phenomenon of anime. In this paper we consider the ph...

Due to the end of a stage of formation and a bioethics institutionalization in Russia and need of a philosophical and methodological reflection of this phenomenon for the general course of world researches of a bioethical perspective and practice of permission of the difficult equations "eras of biotechnologies", the explication of interrelation of "eternal" problems of freedom and responsibility, sense of life and the immortality, comprehended by the Russian "ethics of life", and "biotechnological decisions", fun...

The intention of this paper is to bring the possibility of escaping from the time according to Mircea Eliade. It aims to bring options how the archaic man trying to escape from the profane time to sacred time. At the same time we try to apply knowledge about the escaping from the time and for today's man and reflect them in the light of postmodernism. Through selected examples from the arts and the media we would point out escape time in postmodernism and its relevance for humans. Possibility of escaping from time...

The paper deals with the problem of the “scientific” view of morality, especially its results for philosophy, ethics, and a sense of education. The author considers implications of the thesis about the selfish and determined character of human behaviour and tries to show that these implications follow from a particular kind of interpretation, not from evolutionary and scientific views generally.

The article is devoted the first scientific research institute in the field of exact and engineering science in the east of Russia. The author reveals the principal causes of institute appearance, the purpose and the objectives of its work, the personnel structure. The author defines the contribution of the institute scientific achievements to the scientific potential of Siberia. V.D.Kuznetsov's personal acquaintance with the leading scientists-physicists of the country became an important factor which accelerated...

Today's historical studies have continued concentrating on the subject of restrictions imposed on rights of certain ethnic minorities. The scientific interest arose already in the early 20th century. The turn of the 19th and 20th centuries witnessed a myth of “German threat” to the Russian statehood emerging during an economic boom in specific regions. The myth gave birth to a number of industrial and agricultural restrictions. Russia's entering the World War I demanded that the government formulated its posit...

For the first half of the century there are not any attesting documents to provide a real and detailed image of the city,but only fragments,duplicates of some plans located in Moscow or Vienna;only after forming Borroczyn Plan (1846-1852), that we can elaborate a real analysis of what has changed in Bucharest, during the past six decades since the accomplishment of the XVIIIth century final plan. In the middle of the XIXth century (1856),the Austrian marshal De Fligely compiles, due to the Walach lord Barbu Ећtirb...

Historical memory has a lot of influence on the relationship between states and people of North East Asia (NEA). North East Asia is a complicated region where interests of leading world countries are concentrated. Economic and cultural rise of NEA is accompanied by the rise of national identity and nationalism in region's states. Those also based on the historical memory. Peoples in the region experience different historical memory. Collective memory is understood as a representation of the past shared by a group ...

City monuments appeared in provincial Russia only in the first part of the nineteenth century. Their construction was both initiated and financed by the nobility. As a result each statue reflected the ideas, ideals and values of this social group. The city-dwellers were mostly proud of the monuments devoted to famous artists and scientists originating from the city, and described the memorials pathetically. Half of the century passed and the situation changed dramatically. The attitude to the monuments changed rad...

There are various stages in the annals of every nation. For the Slovaks, one of these is the period of mass emigration. It is an important chapter of Slovak economic, social and political history. It is a history of courage and creativity, a history of national, social and cultural efforts by the members of Slovak nation. According to an official report of the Pittsburgh Consul, 170,000 Slovak people immigrated to the United States before 1900. The number of emigrants from Slovakia rose constantly, and prior to Wo...

In this paper, the author is analysing economic, particularly agricultural development of the eastern Croatia, Slavonia, during 18th century. The changes in production werecaused by changes in reign, i.e. Turks are leaving this area and Austrian rule takes over. Since this is the time of Enlightenment reforms, enforced especially under Maria Theresa, radical changes happen in Slavonia, particularly in economic area. These changes were noticeable in both parts of Slavonia, military as well as civilian. One proof of...

The author analyzes the process of formation and development of research in the field of cybernetics. The 1950-1960s became a flourishing era for computer technology and the highest achievements in the scientific field of cybernetics in the USSR. Siberian Physical-Technical Institute (SPhTI) at Tomsk State University (TSU) became the Center of the formation and development of research in the field of cybernetics in the 1950s. in the east of the USSR . In the early 1950s at the department of radiophysics of TSU the...

If during King Carol I`s reign the foreign policy was, by tradition, a domain managed exclusively bythe King, after Carol I`s death, this part of politics was transferred to the political parties. In this sense, the implication of the Royal House tends to be secondary. In spite of all this, the changes which were made, between the germanophile vision and the ententophilevision, put Romania in a better position at the Peace Conference. The English origins of Queen Mary proved to be salutary for the Great Romania. N...

The concept of legitimacy belongs to our common set of notions which are frequently encountered in numerous studies of political ideology and power. Still, we believe that it needs to be better circumscribed and defined. Legitimacy seems to refer to the legal, official and recognized rules to which circumscribes each attribute of the political power. The hierarchical, arbitrary character of the power relations may be hidden and even denied by their presentation as being legitimate. Our hypothesis is that far from ...

Background: The article is based on the archival materials of Tomsk and Novosibirsk region, Russia. The goal of the paper is to estimate the development of publishing in Novosibirsk and Tomsk regions during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945). The novelty of the paper is in the estimation of the opportunities of periodicals to provide consolidating social mobilization under critical historical conditions. Methods: While writing this paper the following methods were used: A method of historical periodization, syste...

In USSR mass collectivization was a unique form of annihilation of individual peasantry as a class. During the initial period of the mass collectivization there had been a significant decrease in output of agricultural goods. Recovery of the country's agriculture was observed only from the middle of the 1930th years. The specified tendencies were characteristic and for the Vyatka region which territory, according to new administrative-territorial division, was a part of the Nizhny Novgorod (Gorky) region till Dece...

The 19-20th century period witnessed active migrations between populations in many countries. Internal migrations were determined by specific political, economic, social and cultural development of the states. Those were particularly active in multinational empires. Migration specificity in the Russian Empire was that they had both compulsory and voluntary nature. They directly affected the ethnic composition of regions. This article will focus on the correlation between voluntary and compulsory migrations in the ...

The purpose of this research is the analysis of the residence of Cossack emigrants in Bulgaria in 1920-1939. The main sources used in this research are documents both of emigrant (memories, press/media, documents etc.) and Bulgarian origin. The research was being made upon the principles of objectivity, historicism, with using of historical descriptive method, methods of induction, deduction, systematic and comparative historical analysis. The article analyzes the causes of the emigration of Cossacks from Russia, ...

The paper deals with the first Polish colonial ideology, which unexpectedly started from the real colony, and after word for many years has became utopian. The paper presents the ideology in chronologic order as well as authors of utopian thinking in Poland. During Polish partitions many attempts were overtaken to establish the “New Poland” in many places in the world (Oceania, some places in Africa, South America, etc). It also deals with such colonial episodes as Polish colonization in Siberia by prisoners a...

The afore-mentioned buried cache is one of the most interesting and informative archaeological and historical sources. It contains the complex of articles intentionally hidden into the ground after the appointed process of its collecting. Investigation of such finds is one of the actual problems in the world and home archaeology. On the territory of South Siberia the buried treasures (or the so-called В«cachesВ») appeared as long ago as the Mesolithic Epoch. However, they contained complexes of various kinds of ar...

Albanian territories in general and Kosovo in particular has a treasure of historical and cultural heritage. This legacy steadily, over centuries is exposed to destructive activities, either by nature or human factor. In postwar Kosovo has inherited a state of serious historical and cultural heritage, as a result of inadequate treatment of its urban and architectural vandalism, destruction, devastation which is made and even today historical cultural heritage. Sensitivity to these values, and consequently put them...

Archaeological study of the Kazan Kremlin in 1990th years gave varied in compositionof glazed ceramics from Kazan State strata. Over a half refers to imported ceramics. Another part consists of fragments of glazed pottery of two types: red clay pottery with blue glaze and pottery with green and brown glaze. Similar dishes were found at other sites of the Volga-Kama region. Comparative analysis of the elemental composition of pottery with Crimea, glaze with Bulgar sepaja and ceramic fragments from the excavations o...

The present article considers issues relating to the woodworking craft of the population of Altai during the Hunno-Sarmatian period. The article focuses particularly on criteria for the choice and nature of application of various types of wood depending on their physical and chemical characteristics. The composition of woodworking tools during this period is examined, and improvements in comparison with the previous period considered. The state of the woodworking craft is described from the point of view of its le...

Archaeological research based on traditional archaeological methods (typology, style and context analysis) provides a wealth of information concerning ware shape, color, decoration and overall fabric. In order to differentiate between such classificatory schemes, archaeologists often resort to an interdisciplinary approach involving the analysis of the mineralogical composition and geochemical fingerprints of the raw materials use in the pottery manufacture. The Cucuteni–Trypillia civilization developed during t...

Different spectroscopic techniques, in combination with suitable statistical methods of multivariate analysis, can be applied in explorations investigation in various fields, including industry, environment, agriculture, medicine and cultural heritage, for example. For well-known reasons, in analyses of cultural heritage artifacts only full or nearly non-destructive experimental methods must be used. In this paper, we have chosen the ancient metal coin, found on the territory of the present Republic of Croatia and...

The problem of historical and cultural objects destruction in the zone of large reservoirs negative impact is now one of the most pressing problems in the preservation of historical heritage on the territory of Russian Federation. Approximately 36% of the reservoir banks of Russia are being actively destroyed, which leads to permanent withdrawal of large areas from the land use of valuable coastal areas. Two major reservoirs, Kuybyshevskoye and Nizhnekamskoye are located on the territory of the Republic of Tatarst...

Religiously the Tunguses (Evens and Evenks of Yakutia) were the pagans and the shamanism believers. Among them the cult of hunting magic, also of a reindeer and of the Sun was strongly developed. Before the Soviet power among the Evens and the Evenks shamanism was as a national religion. According to the traditional Tungus view, the world was divided into three mental spheres: the upper World, the Middle World and the Lower World. Shamans were the mediators acting between those three worlds, Gods, spirits and men....

The target of this research is most significant and impressive elements of the female costume from archaeological monuments dated to the 1st half of the I millennium ADand located in the Volga-Vyatka Interfluve. The article focuses on a specific type of the costume bronze decorations - arc rattle pendants which are of interest to comprehend local non-ferrous metalworking characteristic features, their artistic value and semantic text. The author provides a general description of the decorations and explores inform...

Current paper aim to investigate the dynamic of a regional settlement-system through cartographic documents and data relating to the landscape around the sites (using satellite images, aerial photographs and geophysical measurements) stored in a geographic information system. We can state that the Middle Bronze Age chiefdoms form peer polities controlling different size territories along single or more valleys. Our approach represents the actual stage of research of the subject;

The aim of the given investigation is to find out various definitions and comparing characteristics of antonyms on the basis of synchronous analyses. The article is dedicated to research of antonyms in different structural languages. In order to reveal the nature of antonyms it is necessary to investigate their essence but concerning this question there is no settled opinion. The review of existed approaches to antonyms in linguistics opens the lack of united view on this problem. There is no satisfactory solution...

"What does it matter who is speaking?" asks Foucault in What is an author?. In that text Foucault proclaims the death of the author, as well as only a few years before he had shown another death, that of the subject. In both cases, it is properly a matter of disappearance: the subject and the author establish the representation, but they disappear from the scene, because they are no more represented, as it happens to Philip IV in Velazquez's picture Las Meninas, to which Foucault devotes the first chapter of The O...

Currently folklore genres are actively researched. Their study exposed the various aspects of folklore . There are lexical, syntactic aspects of genres of folk arts analysis. Also cultural component is studied. Cultural aspect is believed to be of great importance, as it reflects the way people used to perceive surrounding reality hundreds of thousands of years ago. This article analyzes riddles in English and Russian . Comparative study is believed to reveal similar and distinctive qualities both in terms of buil...

The place-names being a linguistic phenomenon reflect different facts and trends related to the development of society. Here are some of them among the regional settlement names: 1) The peculiarities of Perm Krai occupancy reflect in the toponymic productive stems; 2) Toponymy reflects the changes in the system of the types (in a classification) of the geographical objects; 3) Toponymy reflects the changes in social population stratification; 4) Toponymy reflects the standardization trend in the Soviet society; 5)...

During the last decades, the family has undergone some profound mutations in its structure and functions: it has become increasingly sensitive to all changes occurring in society. Consequently, the term family has become more ambiguous and it tends to cover today some different realities than those characteristic to the previous generation. The structure and functionality of the family has a psychosocial character. Doesn't matters the personalities taken in themselves, but their relationship, the interaction betwe...

The article deals with the derivation view of metaphor. The main aim is to present the results of metaphor research connected with our interest in metaphor as a vehicle for cognition and communication. We try to show the view of metaphor, based on the assumption that it is analogous to communicative syntax. The process of metaphorisation is described in terms of mechanisms of text formation reflecting the results of cognition. Such view would differ from traditional ones by being dynamic, cognitive and anthropocen...

A detailed account in the article is given to the empirical findings concerning such insufficiently studied constitutional characteristics of a man as juvenility and gracility. Students sample heterogeneity on these constitutional characteristics is proved. The obtained results reflect differential sex-specific evolutionary development of a modern man, complex nonlinear interaction of juvenility and gracility as a somatotype manifestation.

This paper concentrates upon Roma ways of dealing with illness from the perspective of social anthropology. Social science defines illness primarily as an opposite to the state of health. As such, it is to great extend a subjective and relative phenomenon, determined most of all by the native culture. Ethno medicine, a sub-field of social anthropology, offers for these purposes so called Explanatory model of Arthur Kleinman [9]. The author does not offer practical solutions in her paper. Rather, she points to diff...

Ritual is a form of symbolic action, expressing the connection of a subject with a system of social relations and values. The main theme of any ritual was theme of creation of the world, which resulted in the establishment of people relations system. Ritual performs several vital functions, which are primarily a function of individual socialization, as well as integrating and reproducing function. The function of individual socialization is that the ritual prepares the individual to the social life, nurturing it n...

The given interdisciplinary research regards on the basis of the analysis of literary texts the specificity of the perception of the Holocaust in Latvia that demonstrates transformation of anthropological categories related to the perception of the alien, life, death, responsibility, sinfulness. In the contemporary Latvian cultural space the theme of the Holocaust is given a special place. It is one of the aspects of the interpretation of the events of World War II and the human factor in the context of the war. (...

The Christian family, aware of its role as a fundamental cell which is capable of draining the human race, is called to actively engage in the promotion and the defence of human and Christian values. The quasi-generalized crisis of moral, religious, social and material values has its origin mainly in the family crisis. The Christian family must rediscover its own intrinsic value to persistently promote ignored or lost values of our current society. The values constantly rediscovered and promoted by the Christian f...

Paper introduces, upon the context of gender-role divisions, current parental ethnotheories applied to childhood learning in the Czech Republic. It illuminates work-or-care dilemma women are still facing and pinpoints different life strategies that Czech families conclude from it. It introduces a new term – cosmology of education, and relates to it theories of institution-centred learning and unschooling. Data used to support the theory come from longitudinal research on schooling in the Czech society, especiall...

The social representation of work has been shaped by several factors along the history, each having its importance in relation with the cultural context of each era. In the modern secular society, the justification of work has lost its ethical-religious side to a large extent, but, despite its primarily economic determination, one cannot ignore the psychological aspects. By offering to God his work, the person is associated to the redemptive work of the Christ (by considering the work as dignified by the Christ Hi...