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TECHNIQUES AMONG TUNGUS SHAMANS FOR HEALING HUMAN AND ANIMALS
Abstract
Religiously the Tunguses (Evens and Evenks of Yakutia) were the pagans and the shamanism believers. Among them the cult of hunting magic, also of a reindeer and of the Sun was strongly developed. Before the Soviet power among the Evens and the Evenks shamanism was as a national religion. According to the traditional Tungus view, the world was divided into three mental spheres: the upper World, the Middle World and the Lower World. Shamans were the mediators acting between those three worlds, Gods, spirits and men. In the present paper, I shall try to reveal the methods and techniques for treating humans and animals used by Tungus shamans as those methods have been related to me by my informants. The shaman was the protector for the man, the family, the kin from the influence of the evil spirits, as well as of the various diseases.
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References8
. V.N. Basilov. Izbranniki dukhov (Chosen by the Spirits]. Moscow, 1984, pp.17-24.
. Krivoshapkin Slepan Spiridonovich, of N'yaky clan, born 1913. The Even shaman from the village of Sebyan-Kyuyel’ in the Sakha Republic.
. E.J.Lindgren. Notes on the Reindeer Tungus of Manchuria. Their Names. Groups, Administration and Shamans. Cambridge,1935. Typescript of Doctor‘s Thesis, p. 177.
. Keimetinov Vasiliy Pavlovich, Keimeti clan, born 1918. The informant from the village of Sebyan-Kyuyel’ in the Sakha Republic.
. Krivoshapkin Pyotr Stepanovich, Kirgembis clan, born 1940, reindeer-hunter. The informant from the village of Sebyan-Kyuyel’ in the Sakha Republic.
Kolesova Yevdokiva Mikhailovna, Tyugyasir clan, born 1920. The informant from the village of Sebyan-Kyuyel’ in the Sakha Republic.
. The Evenk shamaness Kul’bertinova Matrena Petrovna, born 1888.
. The Evenk shaman Savei (Vasiliev Semyon Stepanovich), born 1938.
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