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Teacher professionalization is an important challenge for education policies and systems in the European and national contexts. There is an Act of teachers’ development in Slovakia since 2009. One of the consequences of the Act is that teachers refer only formal educational activities. However, history shows that we also have (as teachers say) effective forms of non-formal educational activities, e.g. teachers days - teachers of the same subject from different schools or teachers of different subjects from one sch...

Educational aspect of human capital is the main value of the economy of the 21st century. The global competition between economically active people with professional competencies has not ever been as acute as it is now. The competitiveness is growing along with the technological development. The global educational objective is to create the economic growth model based on the cooperation of the state, business and society by developing human capital. A student’s awareness of his role in the national economy via edu...

The true and fair view principle is a key rule that has been functioning in accountancy for a very long time. In the face of an ever-growing world and new opportunities that have forced development and changes in the approach of accounting, the true and fair view principle became even more crucial. Its maintenance has become one of the prime goals for each person creating a financial statement. The theoretical part of the article was focused on showing the meaning of the true and fair view principle and its import...

In the Russian economy, there is a growing staff shortage, among the key reasons of which are 1) decline and aging of population; 2) growing structural deformation of labor market; and 3) preservation of labor-intensive type of economy. Effective regulation of the labor market in Russia demands consideration its economy taking into account the heterogeneity of labor formed through the processes of population reproduction and migration. For this purpose, we develop a model that allows forecasting development of ski...

Article 12 of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities as one of the core articles of this first comprehensive human rights instrument of the 21st century sets equality before the law as a basic general principle of human rights protection affirming that all persons with disabilities have full legal capacity in all aspects of life on an equal basis with others. Implementation of this regulation in national legal capacity laws represents a challengeable task for state parties. Namely, the Commit...

The aim of this study is to analyze the phenomenon of detective story and its evolution in the context of modern development. It is regarded by us as a complex multilevel system, the fundamental principles of which permeate the entire fabric of European culture, generating, in particular, such a phenomenon as a detective story. Hermeneutical and comparative analysis of different types of detective is designed to deepen and expand the existing understanding of modernity, the features of its development and the natu...

This paper discusses bilingualism in early and pre-school age. Considering that the world has become a global village and a multicultural community, bilingualism in general and especially in the young population, is a unique phenomenon, and as such it is increasingly subject to the interest of many linguists, sociolinguists, psychologists and other professionals (including school and kindergarten teachers). In this paper we discuss the various definitions of bilingualism and the very process of becoming a bilingua...

The article is devoted to the assessment of the process of formation of global and professional intercultural competency as a special type of intercultural competency and its impact on some successful models of modern professional and business communication models. On the basis of historical and comparative analysis of the research of the leading scholars in this sphere the author makes the hypothesis about necessity of new treatments of this notion from the point of view of global business and professional commun...

Pablo Escobar was the king of cocaine, seeing himself as ‘a king of magicians’ because he had magically broken the geographic limits of the illegal cocaine trade. In other words, it is what we can consider in some ways a representation of illegality. To understand and define illegality, we must understand legality first. Omar Calabrese in his book Neo baroque defines legality as something that creates a border. A border can be constructed by cutting or defining limits, which is what Calabrese identifies semiotical...

The article highlights the notion of synergism as applied to speech/discourse in terms of functional linguistics. The term ‘synergism’ denotes the ability of self-organising open systems (language and speech included) to combine elements in such a way that their overall effect exceeds pure linear addition of components. This non-linearity is inherent in speech, as the general sense of a text does not usually equal to a mechanically obtained sum of its units semantics. From the angle of functional linguistics, syne...

The practice of extremism and terrorism is an actual threat in the modern world. The national security of Russia is no exception in this sense. In the context of negative statistics of extremism, the methods of scientifically based prevention of intolerance in all its forms acquire great importance. The scientific task of this research is monitoring of political tolerance of the population of the Russian Arctic region (Murmansk region) as well as the diagnosis of the risk groups of intolerant behavior. The paper p...

The nature of shopping centers, their impact on the city, space and residents is the target of critics of sociologists, ethnographers (anthropologists), as well as urban planners and architects, in which they were classified as non-places – deprived of history, spaces of alienation, loneliness, lack of social relations. Wroc?aw is a city where the ratio of space in shopping centers per capita is one of the highest (if not the highest) in Europe. Constructed in various periods – the last one last year (2017), they ...

Parents are the first and most important educators of their children. In order for children to succeed in school and later in life, parent- school cooperation is vital. Parent-school co-operation is also an indicator of the quality of school and teacher’s work. In high quality relationship between parents and school, co-operation is seen in socialization and respect for cultural differences among families, and therefore it offers different perspectives for creating positive school culture. All abovementioned requi...

The research objective is to identify culturally significant information behind semantics of the adjective ‘self-sufficient’, which denotes one of the important properties of a human personality in Russian linguoculture against the background of Swedish one. To achieve this goal, definitions of explanatory dictionaries of Russian and Swedish, as well as illustrative contexts of this adjective usage in materials of national corpora of these two languages were analyzed, a questionnaire was developed and a survey of ...

While existing studies deal with stress involved in the work-family relation [1], [2], this research includes the academic education (as a cognitive-didactic activity) as a third element of this relation, manifesting itself simultaneously with the other two (given that the continuous education is more and more present). The general objective was to analyze the above-mentioned relation considering variables such as level of stress, coping strategies, gender, profile of the university and educational results. The re...

The paper describes the image of the Russian Orthodox Church during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945), reflected in school textbooks in contemporary Russia. On the basis of the content analysis the authors highlighted the main components of the image of Russian Orthodox Church during the period under review. First, we analyzed the total amount of pages devoted to the history of the Russian Orthodox Church during the Great Patriotic war in every textbook, we studied and counted the percentage of these pages with ...

The article is devoted to the analysis of intercultural communication between Russia and the Far East through the prism of alimentary culture. The Other's food is always of particular interest, since alimentary culture is one of the markers of identification. The Neighbor’s food may scare or intrigue; it becomes often a factor in the formation of a negative image in mass culture. At the same time, an intercultural dialogue may take place through the borrowing of various alimentary facilities and their adaptation t...

The relevance of the presented research is determined by the value of written coherent speech for the decision of communicative tasks in society, the place that this speech occupies in school education, the influence of the study of speech capabilities of stu-dents to make managerial educational decisions. The purpose of this study is to charac-terize the subject content of written statements connected pupils eleven to fifteen years. The main approach to achieving this goal is a comparative analysis of one-dimensi...

The main purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the needs and consumer demand of citizens of the Republic of Kosovo in relation to the factors affecting it. Parts of the study were 500 citizens of the Republic of Kosovo, of which 64% (n = 320) were females and 36% (n = 180) were males. The analysis of empirical data is done through the SPSS program, where the measurement of the results is done with the techniques like correlation and Anova. From the findings of this study it has resulted that the income ...

In this article the importance of listening skills in effective communication for language students is discussed and the benefits of using audiovisual materials in the teaching of English-as-a-second and foreign-language (ESL/EFL) are considered. To show the effective use of audio podcasts in teaching English for specific purposes a representative sample of undergraduate students of the Degree in Landscape Architecture Education were selected for the study. Data was gathered by means of questionnaires and intervie...

The article reveals the essence of the use of interactive technologies in teaching students. The definitions of the concept of "dialogue learning" were established. Dialogue training is a specially organized process of joint search for knowledge, in our case, when considering vocational training, this is a process of joint search for a solution to the task. The article emphasizes the advantage of interactive technologies, which consists in the fact that such forms of studies maximize the motivational component in ...

The problem of Dostoevsky and antiquity was raised at the beginning of the 20th century in the works of V. Ivanov and L. Pumpyanskiy, but has not yet received consistent study. The authors of the works on Dostoevsky usually deal with particular aspects of this problem. Dostoevsky knew and highly appreciated ancient literature and often addressed it in his works. The article deals with the development of the principles of the ancient tragedy in Dostoevsky's work on the example of "The Diary of a Writer" and the nov...

The article presents the conceptualization of the process of pedagogical influence on the student’s self-development, the existential approach as the basis of this influence, the essence of self-development, the criteria of readiness for self-development and classification of needs in self-development. The essential spheres of the human being – intellectual, emotional, motivational, spheres of self-correction, volition, self-realization, existential - are discussed. The content of socio-pedagogical support of self...

The article deals with one of the most important factors of pedagogue’s professional motivation, communication and collaboration, in the context of the education process. The major idea of the introduced empirical research is to generalise characteristics of communication and collaboration in music schools of Lithuania, while analysing the aspects of relationships between teacher and pupil, educator and school manager in detail. The conducted empirical research results reveal that the relation between teacher and ...

The article is devoted to the problems of direct democracy in Russia. As well known, the main forms of direct democracy are elections and referenda. The concepts of “suffrage”, “referendum participation” and “democracy” are interconnected and allow us to characterize status and development of the “state-society” system. Only when determining the level of implementation of electoral rights and right to participate in a referendum of citizens and the guarantee level of these rights can one determine whether the stat...

Background. The political space is permeated with diverse types and kinds of discourses, which operate simultaneously and which concurrently function as autonomous, heterogeneous and continuous information flows. By applying language filters, geo-positioning data, markers of discursive practices to the online space, it is possible to identify the areas that are characteristic of a country, a city, a certain group of people, a political party’s electorate, etc. The communication and the formation of social practice...

The main objective of the paper is to analyze the economic growth and its determinants, as in developed countries and countries in transition. In this paper we will at least square and explain (OLS) which will make the calculation of coefficients evaluation and equation of the sample regression function.Viewed from the standpoint that have accrued in STATA we see that the index of corruption negatively affects economic growth, and economic LIRR has an negative impact on economic growth and foreign investment have ...

Environmental crime, in a large number of cases, is an expression of corporate crime: from this it is evident that action must be taken, not only against the individual responsible for the crime, but also the legal entity, increasingly playing a leading role, since an environmental crime is the result of a corporate policy that fails to safeguard the surrounding environment. In Italy, administrative liability (which actually amounts to criminal liability) of legal entities, companies and associations, including th...

In recent years, some Russian scientific journals have noted that interest in texts and literature in general written in the language of the metropolis is becoming more and more actual, in particular, in foreign linguistics (English linguistics), the scientific interest in the so-called 'Contact Literature'. A well-known American scientist of Indian origin, the author of the term 'contact literature' Braj B. Kachru writes: "Language changes as a result of the contact of languages are not limited to grammar, vocabu...

In the article the authors analyze the problem of modernization in Russia, which is currently one of the most important factors of economic development. Modernization is considered as a macro-process of transition from the traditional society to the modern one, which supposes qualitative change of the whole way of life of the country. Studies have shown that society has different views on the concept of the essence of modernization. Many members of society consider this term quite narrowly, most often understandin...

Background: The number of foreigners living in the Czech Republic amounts to about 4-5% of the population (i.e. 493 000 persons by 31. 12. 2016, Czech Statistical Office, 2018). The largest numbers consist of persons from Poland, Ukraine, Vietnam, Slovakia, Germany and Russia. The generation of immigrants above 50 years of age is an interesting and diverse group of persons who are often perceived as seniors and face ageism in different areas of life. The generation of foreigners of that age constitutes a group of ...

The article presents the main results of the development of a range of proposals for the development of volunteering in tourism in Russia, provided that typical risks and threats caused by this phenomenon are reduced. Volunteering in tourism is a rather complicated topic. It includes many ethical, organizational, legal, economic and other aspects. There are two main components in it: volunteering at tourist sites, as well as volunteer tourism (voluntourism) and other types of tourism that have a volunteer element....

The paper presents a multi-criteria approach in multifunctional building system design process. The aim is to develop a theory relative to the engineering system of multifunctional with a mathematical representation defined by a holistic network for the lifecycle of the designed object. The idea of work was to define the structure of a complex system. Background for the presented field is to develop a design strategy for multifunctional high-rise buildings in an intensively used urban space. The methodology depend...

Spontaneous speech is perceptually different from its read-aloud speaking mode variant. The question is: What particular prosodic features make this difference possible? A number of attempts have been made to identify the role of certain prosodic parameters in differentiating spontaneous from read-aloud speech. This paper presents the results of a comparative perceptual analysis of spontaneous and read-aloud speech, obtained on identical material, characterized by neutral pronunciation style. Spontaneous speech (m...

The aim is to conduct a comparative legal research of the functioning of various forms of legal proceedings with the participation of the people’s element in foreign countries. The authors pay special attention to the definition of the role of a professional judge in such courts. Its methodology includes both the general scientific methods and the specific juridical methods of cognition. The result of the research is an identification, separation from the multifaceted legal experience of developed democratic count...

The article is devoted not just to historical analysis of the Roman republican structures, but to the revealing of historical backgrounds of the institutes of democracy that we have today. In fact the Romans were the first who established the stable and viable institutes based on democratic principles and able to survive even great civil wars of the late Republic and to transform into effective mechanism of state management during the period of Empire. What was called in the ages of Rome “magistracy” today is call...

In today’s rapidly changing business environment business performance is becoming increasingly important. Improving business performance becomes an integral part of the strategic management of any business that wants to succeed in today's competitive environment. New methods (concepts) that are used to measure and manage financial performance are gradually introduced. These methods include not only financial but also non financial indicators that describe financial performance in its entire complexity. The aim of ...

This paper examines cognitive structures of the selected proverbs in three languages as well as outlines their semantic and pragmatic aspects. Taking into account their rich cultural context and the ability to reflect the way knowledge and experience are processed and conceptualized, proverbs and their modern modifications are of interest to cognitive linguistics. The comparison of metaphoric models in three languages reveals the coincidence of the cognitive mechanism though cultural scripts tend to vary, but not ...

Speech portraying of political figures is a popular research area of modern Russian linguistics (??????? 2007, ????????? 2012, ???????? 2016, ??????? 2012, ?????? 2014, ????? 2016, ???????? 2009, etc). Normally, the scholar’s attention is focused on the discourse of national leaders – kings, presidents, prime-ministers, etc. Meanwhile, the political figures of a lower status (for instance, governors or city mayors) may also be of great scientific interest from the perspective of their communicative behaviour and i...

This article considers the development of the theory of knowledge management. The relevance of the article is due essentially to the powerful development of the information and digital economy and its impact on all areas of the economy of the state. The purpose of the article is the development of theoretical provisions on the strategy, organization and economy of the knowledge management system as a component of the enterprise management system as a whole. Methods of forming the strategy of the knowledge manageme...

Requirements to the quality of training and retraining specialists increases the role of continuous education during the entire employment period of the individual. In the article the diversification of professional education we considered as a principle of development of continuing vocational education and alternative to the classic process of formation of professional knowledge. Diversification of education can be realized in two forms: extensive and intensive (horizontal and vertical). Extensive form – creation...

The term VAT grouping is a current term in EU tax systems and serves as an instrument of simplification of tax administration and a means of combating tax fraud. The complexity of EU market and the existence of various legal solutions in the framework of national legislation impose additional costs onto entrepreneurs, making the European Union a less attractive investment destination. In the framework of the studied topic, the establishment of the single market calls for the harmonisation of national legislation o...

Recent Polish architecture, since the political breakthrough of the year 1989, and definitely at least since the admission of the country into the European Union, has gained great momentum. The euphoria of the newly gained freedom has erupted in the building boom and brought about many astonishing phenomena, not always conducive to protection of cultural heritage, to put it mildly. There are, of course, highly controversial examples of new developments, including the likewise controversial decisions of the state c...

The article is focused on social work with persons after brain damage. A brain damage caused both by a disease or by an injury constitutes a problem in the whole society. The coverage of follow-up care for persons after brain damage and for their families, provided by social service organizations, is often difficult particularly from the perspective of availability, quality of financial demandingness of such services. The motive to research this issue consisted in the assumption that people after acquired brain da...

Intensified by poly-cultural space of translation, specific nature of scientific discourse, which increasingly invokes the phenomenon of intertextuality, precondition special relevance of cognitive text forming mechanisms aimed at ensuring scientific text perception and comprehension in what concerns semiotic and functional potential thereof. The aim of this study is to consider the intercorrelations between cognitive and linguistic structures of the medical concept “BoNTA naïve injections” within scientific infor...

Background: Although forthcoming EU Geo-blocking Regulation should minimise the problem of customers discrimination in online cross-border trade, it will not resolve all obstacles experienced by consumers during shopping online abroad, including payment-related ones, that are leading to the dissatisfaction of consumers, being experienced typically late during the shopping process, after some effort and time. Paper goal is to investigate the occurrences of payment-related obstacles in domestic and cross-border B2C ...

The universal right to travel, alongside with the right of developing one’s personality – in addition to the right to rest and enjoy relaxation – as an expression of the universal human rights – form the fundamental reason for social tourism. The main objective of this paper is to define social tourism, which through the objectives, population targets and achievements thus far obtained, is seen as one of the most important vectors that bring these rights in practical application. Within this approach, social touri...

The article explores influence of Ordoliberal School of economic thinking, also known as Freiburg School of economic thought on the competition law and policy of the European Communities and later the European Union. Methodology, brief history and members of the tradition shall be introduced, with particular focus and emphasis on Walter Eucken (1891–1950), the founder of the School, Franz Böhm (1895–1977), author of the school's competition policy/law drafts, Hans Großmann-Doerth (1894–1944) and Friedrich August v...

The study of media content and its impact on the audience is topical for modern Russian information and communication resources. 33 media threats concerning unmanaged development of media space and 9 methods to minimize harm from the negative influence of media, including social media, on audience were identified by researchers of the Faculty of Communications, Media and Design (Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia). These media threats and methods of neutralizing them were tested on a group of respondents o...

The tax policy has now become tougher, risks have risen in the use of tax schemes based on abuse of law. Tax authorities and courts are fighting against abuses and illegal schemes in the tax sphere. Taxpayers come up with new methods of tax planning. Russian legislation is gradually beginning to formulate legal norms in the field of tax planning, its principles and criteria. Tax planning and optimization of taxation are not properly regulated at the legislative level, despite the fact that in the science of financ...