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The right of intellectual property in all its complexity can be characterized nowadays as „the most universal law subject field, developed enough scientifically and systematized adequately.“ [1] The significance of the right of intellectual property as the law branch, is currently becoming more popular worldwide. The protection of the right of intellectual property in the condition of Slovak Republic, comes out of the basic legal enactment, that is Constitutional Act of Slovak National Concil no. 460/1992 of t...

The paper introduces the preliminary findings of the project that explores current state of affairs regarding national legislations and relevant agencies' activities with respect to investigating the child sexual abuse as a crime and combating it. The goal of the research is to map basic fields where countries might face challenges regarding the criminalization of child sexual abuse within the circle of trust and draft preliminary recommendations to enforce international activities to prevent the crime under study...

Crowdinvesting is a recently emerged business practice recognised as an alternative method of raising risk capital in the early stage financing of start-ups and small enterprises. It involves a collection of relatively small amounts of money contributions from a general public, via platform operator. In return, investors acquire equity or debt financial instruments issued either by project holder seeking finance (direct crowdinvesting) or a special purpose vehicle established by the platform operator or a third pa...

Reception of Roman law, which, in the High Middle Ages hit the legal environment of almost the entire Europe, had also imminently influenced the development of law in the Czech lands. Aside from Canon law, which often used Roman law terms in documents, the issue of reception of Roman law in the Czech lands was closely connected mainly with the medieval cities which, thanks to their market-economy nature, were very close to the economic and social structure of Ancient Rome. There were many Czech towns that followed...

Declaration of necessity to improve the level of data protection in all spheres of European Union (EU) policy under the Stockholm program was the impetus for European Commission to start the data protection reform in EU, particularly paying more attention for data protection regulation in the investigation and prosecution of crime. On the other hand, Council conclusions on the vision for European Forensic Science 2020 including the creation of a European Forensic Science Area and the development of forensic scienc...

Expropriation is a traditional and generally accepted way of property acquisition for the public benefit. In the Czech Republic, it is most often used for roads and energy infrastructure. It has recently been a favored tool for implementing measures to improve the environment and protect against natural disasters. Investors typically need several years to purchase or expropriate all the land required. This slows down the construction process. Every year of delay means a cost increase of approximately 5 %. My paper...

State aid for rescue and restructuring of companies in difficulty causes a significant distortion of market competition. Financed by taxpayers'money and in a sensitive era of EU economy getting back at its feet, state aid to companies facing difficulties called for additional ex ante control and filters to be applied. Thus, the European Commission introduced new Guidelines looking into more strict assessments of cases where rescue or restructuring aid is awarded. In addition, the burden must be shared between the ...

In the process of interaction of the legal systems of the present it is necessary to take into account the processes of globalization that take place. At the same time, one should not miss that the principles of universalization and pluralization, which dictate the necessity of clear idea of the specific character of each culture as well as their deep commonness, should be assumed as a basis of interaction of the legal systems.

The author argues that liberal ideology arose out of Christian concept of man. But in the 20th century, Western European liberalism underwent essential changes. It gave up on the “divine authority” and became more pragmatic. †The Universal Declaration of Human Rights', adopted by the United Nations, in contradistinction to the American †Bill of Rights', does not rest on the claim of the “inalienable rights of man”, which have been endowed by his Creator, but only on the possibility of a consensus betwe...

This article aims to call attention to the dangers of the heteronomous concept of morality in a situation of growing institutionalization of human activities, and justify the need for the autonomous concept of morality. Morality is defined as an important form of social discipline, without which no society can do. The heteronomous conception of morality represents the basis for the utilitarian approach to ethics. The article promotes the idea of necessary connection with the utilitarian approach to ethics and deon...

This paper critically analyses the theory of French philosopher, sociologist, and literary theorist J. F. Lyotard. Jean-Francois Lyotard remains best known for his 1979 study La Condition postmoderne. Lyotard's central concern in the text, the crisis of legitimation, comes to define the postmodern condition. His declared war on "grand narratives" initiates a critical reappraisal of knowledge, aesthetics, and politics in a post-Enlightenment era. Postmodernism, as described by Lyotard, involves a challenge to unive...

Every culture exists and develops in imaginary spaces and real places. As rule these places are always incorporated into ethnic culture and history. Their formation goes along with the formation of the society they belong to. But there is also a type of places that represents by itself an inversion where different spaces or places are mixed together. These places were called heterotopia by French scholar M. Foucault. Some of them represent Utopia and others – Dystopia or Anti-utopia. There are no traditional rel...

The following essay deals with the relation between Jan Patočka's approach to the meaning of life and things and his thoughts on art. First, we point to Patočka's concept of the †shakiness' of accepted or putatively secure meaning. This shakiness, which ensues from an explicit relation to being, enables new perspective to one to conceive true meaning not as obvious or definitive and secured, but as meaning that consists in the †seeking of being', which both enables every conceivable meaning and then shakes i...

The aim of the research is in conceptual analysis of the problem concerning cultural security in Russian discourse. The main task is to systematize in terms of comparative analysis of close terminology in English and Russian scientific discourses (“cultural safety”, “cultural security”, “safety of culture” “культурная безопасность” [“kulturnaya bezopasnost”], “безопасность культуры” [“bezopasnost cultury”], and “культура безопас...

Some principles of the Christian ethics, that are included in the traditional cardinal virtues, have their assertions also in the marital relationships. These are created by concrete person, who has the obligation, to according to his possibilities, present the values, which will benefit not only him, but also the other members of the community. The study, by deductive method, applies the cardinal virtues – justness, tameness, moral power and deliberateness – to the life of marital partners, who try to impleme...

Current research of neuroscientists about the processing of the signals captured from our eyes show that our perception of images occurs in a segmented way into our brain. This paper proposes some implications of this fact in the relationship between drawing and our visual perception. Brief description of the study and used methods. Brief description of the study and used methods.

The discourse of the city as a conceptual structure is the state of its legibility. In the most basic sense the phenomenon of †legibility' is related with the citizens' or/and visitors' perception and interpretation the city. In this context, any kind of perspective set out to understand the city has the potential to turn into an urban reading method that centralizes different interpretations. By resolving the complex structure of the city, each historical formation can be called as a †layer'. It can be realiz...

The appearance of the social media has led the mankind to a new era of social development and social relations, when the exchange and the production of information has become the major human activity. The present article studies the development of Twitter as a cultural phenomenon in Russia and in Great Britain, thus showing that the digital age of social media has enabled cross-cultural communication to become mass scale, supranational and global. Social networks as well as blogging systems involve a person not on...

The objective of this research is identification, studying and analysis of the most often used methods of creation patterns on a surface and in face cuts of blanks and pre-fusions. This paper for the first time presents classification of the methods described above by a number of signs: by a receiving way, by character of the location of a pattern and by the character of glass melt flow. Also in this work three various ways of creation so-called “chaotic pattern” on a front surface and in a volume of a blank o...

This article is devoted to the study of communication in behavioural practices Tungus in Northern Siberia. The main results of the study of traditional and modern etiquette; special attention is paid to communication issues of intercultural dialogue. Keywords: ethnography of communication, symbolic anthropology, Northern Tungus, cultural codes, traditional etiquette, behavioral culture, the Person and Nature, valuable orientations, models of social interaction. In this article I would like to highlight the communi...

The increasing mobility of people, the improvement of the mass travel as well as the accommodation and recreational infrastructure development facilitate the tourism activities, and implicitly encourage visiting the Holy Places. Often, the offers of travel agencies neglect the intrinsic aspects of a genuine pilgrimage: the spiritual aspects, the proposal of a faith itinerary and the conservation of sacred aspects into the pilgrimage to the Holy Places. This confusion and the lack of involvement on the part of the ...

Sustainability is becoming a standard in European architecture. To achieve higher energy efficiency it is necessary to use specific solutions in the field of HVAC, construction, used materials but also in the field of architectural design. Impact of those architectural solutions on the appearance of buildings is significant. The article treats the topic based on the research on zero- and plus-energy buildings completed in Europe in recent years.

Wroclaw University of Technology (WrUT) is one of the largest universities in Poland. In 2014 its authorities have announced a competition for the architectural concept of the new campus located on post-industrial areas. The article describes the project - the ef-fect of the work of architects from the Faculty of Architecture in WrUT. The project – related to sustainable development - is an attempt to express by architec-tural forms the university mission defined in its statute - innovation, interaction, imple-m...

Since the 1980's, and in Poland two decades later, cities have been subjected to a continuous and dynamic transformation. The city spaces have become places of global capital flow acceleration, and in the market-based economy they have been turned into a commodity. This situation has led to the feeling of powerlessness and lack of any visions for cities that would reach far into the future. With the impetuous and uncontrolled development of cities – growth combined with increased density, and shrinking and disap...

The aim of the research has been to examine correlations and discrepancies between music education and major developmental trends in cultural and artistic production (music and multimedia) in Slovakia in the 21st century. Regarding its methodology, the research has been based on the methods of qualitative paradigms (analytical-synthetic, interpretative and comparative). Available results and statistical data of the quantitative research have been also used. The article argues that music education in Slovakia can b...

The article analyzes the views of Russian literary and theatrical critic, theologian and priest Sergei Durylin on opera theater in connection with the ideas of new mythogenesis and mystery (religious and synthetic art), which were popular in the early 20th century, especially in Russia. The method of presentation corresponds to the method of research and offers a synthesis of methods of art criticism, philosophy of art, philosophy of myth and religion, as well as history of culture, all of which are presented in t...

Formal language of contemporary architecture is constantly changing. For years, one can observe embedding trends in which the form of a building is not the result of construction requirements and functional expectations but it precedes them and acts as a declaration of designer's creativity and artistic attitude and as a promise of how designed space should affect its users. Formal procedures derived from a variety of architectural styles and eras are used simultaneously (often in the same facilities). However it ...

Article is devoted to the history one of the first Ural medical institution - Demidovsky factory hospital that is situated in Nizhni Tagil city, Sverdlovsk region, Russian Federation. This hospital was built in 1825 and it is an interesting example of a classicism style. Authors consider architectural and planning decisions made by A.P. Chebotaryov and other architects during its existence, reconstruction questions, administrative questions and today condition of hospital. During reconstruction the 120 beds hospit...

The article is devoted to one of the symbols of the Russian national costume – the headdress «kokoshnik», its forms and origin. Attention is concentrated on the headdress in the form of a high ridge. The history of the kokoshnik is seen from XI-XIII centuries, based on archaeological, iconographic, written and ethnographic sources. In the XVIII-XIX centuries kokoshnik was one of the most widespread types of a headdress in Russia. It was mainly an attire of the married woman though the high festive attire of ma...

At present, immeasurably increased the role of education of young generation in the spirit of humanistic ideas, tolerance, the perception of the news, the formation of inno-vative thinking in the social and educational environment for solving the global chal-lenges of the reality reorganization. One of the possible solution ways to such important tasks are presented to the public means of emotional education through music education. We analyzed the results of a study to extract the sound timbre students and teache...

Headed perhaps by a personal passion of the zodiac, and also influenced by the opening science to space exploration and the recent conquest of the moon, the American composer George Crumb (b.1929) proposed in the early 70s a series of authentic pieces for piano grouped under the generic name of Makrokosmos. This series of works is a thorough exploration of multiple possibilities of the piano expression. Composer's intention was to write a encompassing work using all the techniques imaginable for this instrument. I...

Strangely, some parts of the Altai Mountains have no petroglyphs at all, while others are like alfresco picture galleries from millennia past. One such place is remote Saldyar, on the banks of the Katun River, a place separated from the outside world by the high jagged peaks of the Saldyarskiy pass. The most popular images on Saldyar: Siberian mountain goat, long horned bull, deer, hunter standing beside the animal. In Saldyar that 5000 years after the first works were carved that they would form one of the greate...

Although streets are empty spaces, they have a strong effect on one's perception of the city. They work as a key reference in space and time that influence people's mental map and facilitate their orientation. Not only they may carry footprints of past civilizations, but also they provide a place for public activities, whether cultural or functional. This paper tries to search for the role of streets and its representation in the old town of Nablus, Palestine. It aims at understanding their role in keeping peopleВ...

The paper concerns theory and practice of architectural design with the focus on actual interpretation of critical regionalism intertwined with elements of bioclimatic strategies. The aim of the paper is to analyse the relationship between indigenous cultural heritage, theory of architecture and contemporary building project. These interacting elements are presented in the light of the complex process of architectural education. The paper explains how modern architectural design should be based on the balance betw...

The Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements (JPCPs) can resist high traffic demands without invasive maintenance interventions that produce delays, discomfort and even can affect users safety. However, sealing the joints of JPCPs and keeping them sealed for 10 years, costing up to 45% more than the Unsealed Joints (UnJs). As in addition the joint seals are not working well enough there is an increasing interest to eliminate them. The Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT) has reported savings of 6,000,000 US dol...

The current pace of urbanization is so rapid that, as of the moment of the writing of this article, more than half of the world's population lives in cities. This causes the eyes of many researchers from many different fields to focus on them. This essay illustrates the relations that shape the influence of technology, architecture, ecology and society on the functioning of and the form that cities take. The technical death of many buildings and structures, which have until recently met the expectations of the inh...

The recent tendency to redefine architecture and its role on the social function of space is awaiting for its reflections in the architectural design studio practice to be included in the grounds of the future architects' design know how. This paper explores this attempt in a design studio case conducted at Gazi University, Department of Architecture, the topic of which was a secondary school design. Throughout the semester the students sought for ways to make a school building and its surrounding site an integral...

Play is an activity of paramount importance to the child's development; hence it is crucial to have spaces created especially for this purpose. It is visible that, currently, this concern is taken into account as there are numerous children's play areas. A question is raised though, regarding the involvement of children in the process of creating these spaces: are their preferences taken into account when creating these spaces for them to relish? In order to answer this question during the ongoing research, it bec...

The history of the development of cities teaches us that changes to the structure and the model of a city and its constituent parts occur in a process of evolution. This ceaseless process is stimulated by the development of industry and the growth of the economy, inducing social changes that generate new needs and expectations. The process of the evolution of an urban organism is irreversible and its only stable trait is the increasing pace at which the changes take place. The introduction of new spatial structure...

There are a lot of structural mechanics' problems which associated with buildings working under dynamic loading conditions; many existing methods of the solution of dynamic tasks consider a simplified model of a real building. Normally internal friction is not considered. Number of degrees of freedom is limited. Exitation forces are simulated simplistically: system's response to a single (usually instant) impulse is investigated, more complex loadings (groups of impulses) are being studied for a single-degree-of-f...

The paper presents a strategic analysis of the Romania system of Long Life Learning education in tourism, in comparison with the European countries systems. The main objective is to identify the main characteristics of the system, in order to improve the national touristic services at the competitive level of the main actors from this region, our main competitors from the European countries and Northern Africa. For the strategic analysis we used the main well-known classical models: STEEP and Porter 5F for the ext...

The decline of population is one of the most important indicators, which shows that in Latvia there is need to promote the employment of young people, with enabling them to learn, live and work in Latvia. The first job experience as well as education, training and practical skills are considered to be a crucial precondition for young people to start their employment career and provide future possibilities for their development and social status in society. The research object is the labour market situation for you...

This paper deals with proposing and implementation of a localization model as the basis for making corporate decisions if and where to build a new warehouse for reverse flows of dangerous waste intended for further reprocessing and returning back to production through the central warehouse of the company. The issue is to add a new warehouse to the existing network of already established regional warehouses to optimize the transport costs and to enhance services provided to the given part of the market. A suitable ...

This study analyses three important tourism firms quoted at Bucharest Stock Exchange: Casa de Bucovina- Club de Munte S.A. Gura Humorului., Bucuresti Turism S.A. Bucharest, Turism Felix S.A. BДѓile Felix. The scope is to identify which is the best to invest in. We follow the instruments give us by the fundamental analysis: Price/ Earning ratio, Capitalization, Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Debt to Assets, Dept to Equity ,Earnings per Share, Dividend Yield, Price to Book Value. Fundamental analysis presumes t...

The tourism and hospitality industry is a very dynamic one, with rapid changes and with trends that have to be taken into consideration for assuring good services according to the needs of tourists. One of the most important trends exhibited lately is senior tourism. The reality is that the population in developed countries is aging, and the same trend can be noticed in Middle and Eastern countries. There is a growing market for senior tourism and the organizations in the field have to adjust their activities to o...

Transformation of V4 countries was the first step of the change of the bipolar world diversity. Transformation from the central planned economy to the market economy was a very complex process. The main part of the transformation represents the change of the public ownership towards private property. It was realized by the privatization of state-owned companies. Due to the lack of domestic savings, the involvement and participation of foreign capital seemed to be necessary. Foreign capital was represented mainly b...

Taking full advantage of online global development, tourism and hospitality industry is rapidly growing its e-tourism wings. In the context of globalization and high competitivity, managers must face the new dimension of the market. Speaking in terms of impact and efficiency, conversion rate optimization it's one of the elements that must be taken into consideration by any manager when establishing online strategy. Presenting case studies of online performance improvement - by changing website copy, elements displ...

The purpose of this research paper is to identify the preferences of the smartphones owners towards mobile telecommunications services offered on the Romanian market. Approach/ methodology: The data was analyzed using: descriptive statistics, factor reduction function, t test and correlation. According to the analysis made we could underline the preferences of the segment of young consumers towards the mobile telecommunications services.

At present the issues of security enforcement have become urgent in many countries. The modern tendencies connected with constant increase of safety risks just prove it. The national problem of security enforcement must be solved, inter alia, through the measures of criminal law regulation. Meanwhile, systematic and integrated study of the issues of criminal law security enforcement can elaborate practical guidelines for lawmakers on improving current criminal legislation. The purpose of the paper is to carry out ...

The fundamental changes in fight against crime policy by choosing forensic science as a strategic tool in this fight are currently undergoing in European Union (EU). Hence, every Member State has specific system of forensic science institutions, the unique conception of forensic science and different legal systems as well. Meanwhile, the vision for European Forensic Science 2020 is one page length abstract document, providing only the guidelines for creation of European Forensic Science Area and including a list o...