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In the history (of philosophy, art) there have been different ideas of the body and soul and their mutual relations. First opinions appeared in antiquity, continued in the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the modern age, until the present time. The body was mostly the object of investigation, it was examined as a whole and so were studied its parts. In Plato´s philosophy, the body was considered material and the soul intangible. Although he found the soul to be more important, it was not possible to separate them. Ar...

Mentality is one of the most significant characteristics of each nation, and the au-thors prove it in their article. There is no agreement among scientists about the essence and nature of national character. Different researches study the problem of the national character by different ways. Every person is a part of a class, religious community, eth-nos, state and some other community. The realization that different nations differ from each other with “its traits of a soul”, happens in a cultural history fairly ea...

Philosophy is one of the standard disciplines of knowledge. Therefore, it is necessary to map out the intermediate relationships among subjects that arise in schools where philosophy is taught. It also includes secondary grammar schools. This paper is an attempt to map the basic areas of the penetration of the curricular relations between philosophy and the subject of Slovak language and literature. It is a subject that is composed of several parts. In the area of the Slovak language and literature two basic units...

The authors explore the problem of identity as a result of the interaction of subjects in the process of communication. The authors allocate various types of identity depending on the historic stage of the existence of the human community. They distinguish ethnic identity, religious identity, linguistic identity, national identity, cultural identity. The authors select such form of identity as transcendental identity and consider it to be the ultimate form of identity and the most significant on a contemporary soc...

My key idea consists in stating that philosophy these days is in need of new orientations based on humanistic potential of philosophical wisdom. I would like to pay attention to the practical value of the philosophical wisdom. In accordance with the methodological approach we need to identify the diverse characteristics of philosophical wisdom to offer the complex definition of this concept. The focus is shifted to the area of cogitative constructions to the sphere of philosophical wisdom. It is especially importa...

Philosophizing of a child is a very multi-faceted phenomenon, as well as philosophy and childhood in general. On the one hand, there is the naivety of children’s asking and interpretation, and on the other hand, there is a metaphysical depth of the issues. Unfortunately, children as naive philosophers do not meet proper understanding and attention to their raised problems from adults. The cultural tradition paradoxically ignores the importance of naive philosophizing in development of a child. But in that case it ...

In the context of modern politics and social norms in Europe and in the world, it is important, now and then, to look into the ancient thought and find inspiration in the world’s classical philosophical literature. We approach here the structure and motivation of Aristotle’s two of his most important writings, Politics and The Nicomachean Ethics. We consider them to reflect the main characteristics of his rational approach on politics and morals; they enable us to see what lies at the historical foundation of thes...

This article presents major properties and features of network technologies from the social, management, and riskological point of view. Network technologies are considered an important aspect of convergent NBICS technologies and are primarily determined by their informative and social direction. The author has developed a system of parameters and indicators (including input and output parameters) for a social network project of network technologies risk management and analyzed their development opportunities. The...

The concept of inclusion has been widely used in social, political, economic, cultural, but especially in educational context. However, there is still a need for its thorough philosophical reflection. The article focuses on philosophical understanding of inclusion by analysing the concept of normality and its relation to exclusion. We undertake to answer the question if there is a difference in understanding of normality and inclusion in the context of modern and postmodern philosophical paradigm through theoretic...

Ethics in general is very, up to date issue, which is being researched worldwide. Especially young generation todays have to deal with numerous dilemmas on daily basis. Similarly, like generation Y, these people have access to wide range of information, which they have to deal with. Ethical or moral dilemma presents a situation in which there is not an option of right or wrong choice. The individual must choose between two, similarly undesirable alternatives. Many ethical theories and models of ethical decisions c...

The purpose of the paper is to consider literary translation in reference with the notion of image which has become essential for the philosophy of arts and intercultural artistic communication. Imagery is regarded as one of typological properties of a literary text constituting its essence along with artistic ideas, emotivity and lingual form. The comparative analysis of originals and their translation has allowed us to discover how the source text (ST) imagery may change in the target text (TT) and to distinguis...

The paper examines the complex relationship between traditional values of scientific philosophy in Russia and the new system of scientific communications. The authors diagnose the fall of the "Humanist Thaw" and the coming of "New Epoch of Engineers". While Russian philosophy is in the quest for its new identity, the modern Russian professionals found themselves on a continuum between two extremes of old-school academic and corporate values, with a trend toward the latter. Meanwhile, a majority of post-soviet phil...

The article deals with the problem of political liberalism and aims to show the criticism of the western liberalism by Russian political thinkers. The authors focus on the political philosophy by Boris Chicherin and Ivan Ilyin who were the most outstanding representatives of the Russian liberalism. In his fundamental work “History of political doctrines” Chicherin shows that the main features of the western liberal tradition based on the philosophy of the Enlightenment should be found in the principles of individu...

The term “heterotopia”, introduced into scientific discourse by M. Foucault, is being increasingly used in the modern humanitaristics for the cultural area analysis. This article presents a typology of heterotopic spaces and their analysis in the scope of the Russian cultural landscape. Based on the E. Soja’s trialectics of spatiality – real spatiality, spatiality of mentalities and the “Thirdspace”, which is “habitable, the real and the imagined, the actual and the virtual” – we propose to distinguish three basic...

The goal of the article is to point out the ethical and moral issues of education in the Slovak history of the 18th century as well as their philosophical and religious starting points. Teaching was usually accepted at that time only as a transitional position to the priestly occupation and therefore it was not sufficiently evaluated. Opinions concerning education as well as the teaching in the 18th century were rare only in advanced schools. The effort to improve the material equipment of the schools and the teac...

In a human thinking, hard affected by the indifference to soul, we want to bring into focus the Church vision about veneration of Chris icon and its impact on our days. The basic characteristic of the Orthodox Church is the use and veneration of the holy icons of Jesus Christ, the Theotokos and the Saints. The people praying in front of the icons feel that they are engaged in a live personal dialogue with the portrayed Saints of God. The icon can be paralleled as the God-loving interpreter of this dialogue and the...

The article is devoted to the discussion of the phenomenon of the culture of understanding within the framework of social communication, the established tendencies of the interpretation of the two-way nature of the culture of understanding are analysed. The culture of understanding, being the condition and the result of social communication, contributes to both the regulation of people’s social behaviour and the structuring of the communicative space with the aim of reaching public agreement and mutual understandi...

The article presents a complex analysis of “culture of security” notion. The main definitions of “culture of security” are explored in such problem fields as international relations and national security. These definitions’ limits and discrepancy to the challenges of modernity are demonstrated. The necessity to elaborate “everyday culture of security” is argued to provide for a range of competences and personal rights, which foster security of an individual. Conceptualization of “everyday culture of security” requ...

Development of information and communication technologies, including virtual reality, hardware and video game industry makes the issues of virtual worlds and objects existence quite urgent. To what extent are those real? Do virtual worlds exist, or are they just fiction and illusion? How mythological are they? The main goal of this article is to reveal mythology construction in video games virtual worlds. We illustrate how video games construct their own virtual worlds, which are mythological within, including syn...

The philosophy and practice interpret categories in the light of certain features of scientific or philosophical knowledge. At the same time, the proclamation of a specific scientific paradigm, in particular complexity theory, presupposes the emergence and development of new categories and concepts. The modern science and philosophy poses a global challenge to the scientific community. The task is to adapt the fundamental classical categories. One such category is the category "quality". The adaptation of quality ...

Risk a priori is present in the life of man and society. Risks are manifested in various spheres of human life: social, economic, political and financial. Moreover, the risk has a significant impact on human life and health. A detailed analysis of this concept was carried out within the framework of interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research. Moreover, the author presents an actual classification of risks in the context of post-non-classical science and practice. The author discusses the moment and situation...

The security of modern society and an individual is seriously tested by a terrorist threat, which is often perceived as something external, that violates relative social harmony and order. Attempts to “seal” society, to protect it from any form of extremism, lead to huge public costs, but do not lead to the elimination of the threat. The article discusses the problem of sociocultural mechanisms of terrorism dissemination and the question of how philosophical framework of public security strategy should be changed ...

The article undertakes an attempt to consider laughter as a phenomenon of a person’s religious life, analyse the symbolic meaning of laughter in religious practices and myths. Laughter played rather a relevant role in the archaic culture: particularly ritual laughter assured the link between the sacral and secular segments of existence. The connection between laughter and religion (apart from ritual laughter) can be traced to specific aspects of laughter culture of the ancient and medieval periods, as well as in c...

The tragic events that have taken place recently in Romania (the case of the 64 young people dead in the fire from Bucharest club > on October 30, 2015), but also those that happened around the world because of the attacks, give us a lot of questions and reflections related to the dialectic of good and evil, but also to the true faith that can accept suffering and death to enjoy eternity in the Risen Christ. This dialectic of good and evil, of highlighting the good only in the "fight" with evil, made from Dostoevs...

The article is aimed at the research of the modern human being in the conditions of rapidly developing high technologies. In present period the philosophy has to consider two very significant factors. The first factor is challenges of a modern technogenic civilization and rapidly developing technologies; the second - a non-equilibrium and unstable state of the contemporary world. The principal openness of the future requires a new methodological strategy. From the point of view of methodological approach, the sear...

The article is focused on the analysis of views of Russian youth on religion, religious values, and The Russian Orthodox Church. The survey of value orientations of the youth in one of the largest regions of Russia (Nizhny Novgorod Region) became the source of the empirical material of the research. This region is considered to be a federal indicator of many socio-economic indexes including religious and confessional ones. The data and information about religious views of the younger generation were collected with...

Today an active attempts of understanding the anthropological and social dimensions of modern technoscience are made. The most important way of technoscience is the NBICS convergence. In the article special attention is paid to the understanding of technoscience as anthroposocial project, including the public in a number of factors that can affect decision-making in the field of innovation management. However, this effect is recursive and requires an understanding of the possible consequences and risks of technosc...

The paper enlarges existing anthropological ontologies on the basis of the theory of complexity, self-organization and nonlocal quantum phenomena. Since recently they have been facilitating quantum-synergetic revolution in NBICS technologies, information quantum theory and physics of the living and are considered to be most promising for the development of artificial intelligence and transhumanism. For this purposes it is suggested to introduce ontologies of states and temporal ontologies of generalized corporalit...

E.O. Wilson, the founder of sociobiology, presents in his work Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge from 1998 a conjecture that postmodernism as a principal line of thought at the end of the 20th century, which is inherent in the mainstream social sciences and humanities, closes the door to the unity of knowledge - the so-called consilience. The purpose of this study was to analyse the possibilities of the consilience of knowledge in humanities and natural and social sciences in the state of postmodern crisis of an...

This article presents philosophical analysis of such a phenomenon as video games. Today, video games represent a major part of modern culture, which requires a specific research to be carried out. Without studying the ontology of video games it is impossible to give clear answers to such questions as: What are video games? How are they built? It is our goal to disclose and analyze the ontologies in the framework of which video games exist. We need to note that there is no such thing as universal ontology of video ...