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CULTURE OF SECURITY IN TURBULENT SOCIETY
Abstract
The article presents a complex analysis of “culture of security” notion. The main definitions of “culture of security” are explored in such problem fields as international relations and national security. These definitions’ limits and discrepancy to the challenges of modernity are demonstrated. The necessity to elaborate “everyday culture of security” is argued to provide for a range of competences and personal rights, which foster security of an individual. Conceptualization of “everyday culture of security” requires redefining such basic notions as subject and object of security. During the Modern Age functions of the subject of security were solidly held by the state, and the object of security was constituted by the category of “population”. In situation of unstable, turbulent world a range of new threats rises (terrorism, spontaneous commotions, etc.) which calls for rethinking the situation. The effective security system in turbulent society is presently multi-subject to be feasible, thereby not only the state, but the local community and the individual become subjects of security. The three-layer model of security is suggested: macro-, meso- and micro-security, each layer having specific forms of security provision (distributed security). This enables integral approach to security encompassing specialized types of security (e.g. national security). Practical realization of the multi-subject security system is considered using conceptual model of fractal approach to management. It implies formation of identical security structures on every layer. However, effectiveness of security system on each layer is determined by factors of various nature. Thus, for everyday culture of security the decisive factor is such characteristic of social development as quality of life.
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