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ETHICS AND EDUCATION IN THE SLOVAK HISTORY OF THE 18TH CENTURY

V. Gluchman, M. Gluchmanova

Abstract

The goal of the article is to point out the ethical and moral issues of education in the Slovak history of the 18th century as well as their philosophical and religious starting points. Teaching was usually accepted at that time only as a transitional position to the priestly occupation and therefore it was not sufficiently evaluated. Opinions concerning education as well as the teaching in the 18th century were rare only in advanced schools. The effort to improve the material equipment of the schools and the teachers was in fact an effort to develop a center of new culture and education. It does not want to break the official religious and theological way of life and education, but it wants to shape next to it. Education in the past did not have autonomous status, as well as the teacherВ’s work, particularly in smaller rural schools. In Slovakia (former upper Hungary), teachers of the rural schools had to fight for their equality with the Catholic priests or Protestant pastors in the 18th century. We use the work of one of the most important Slovak authors or intellectuals of the 18th century, Mathias Bel, for analyses of theoretical starting points of ethical and moral issues of education in the Slovak history of the 18th century. Bel especially expressed his views in Ethica Davidico Salomonea sive psalmi Davidis, Salomonis proverbia et ecclesiastes. Quibus accesserunt liber Sapientiae atque Siracidis. Ex interpretatione Sebastiani Castellonis in usum iuventutis edidit et de naevis ethices ethnicae (1724).

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