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In Macedonia lacks scientific efforts to elucidate the right of Albanians for a constituent status in the constitutional level, supporting him in the historical background and taking into account the real demographic interethnic structure in this republic. Indeed, the Krusevo Republic (1903) presents the direct source for Albanians statebuilding since they were introduced in the state subject and constituent element. The effort made for the progress of the position of Albanians in the republic with the constitutio...

Background In the last decade, many national governments have promoted sustainability reporting by adopting laws and regulations that specifically mandate such forms of disclosure. This paper examines how Estonian legal acts support sustainability reporting within local governments, which have been the cornerstones of the existence of the modern Estonian state and nation – as our famous scientist and politician Juri Uluots maintained in 1933 [1]. Methods In this case study, content analysis was used as a qualita...

The aim of the following paper is to analyze how the local cultural government and his formal or nonofficial cultural policy in condition of the Czech Republic can help to the small and medium subjects from the culture sector, support them and the regional development also. Qualitative research as a part of two research projects was done through the semi-structured interviews. Partial results and findings are available at this moment, but seems to be able to help in practical life of municipalities already. We int...

A significant cultural shift in the global community is reflected in a dramatic form in the cultural processes for over the last 30 years. This paper will analyze the focus of modern fascism (neo-fascism) on the atomization of national cultures, disintegration of international community, legitimacy of racial nationalism and other aspects which significantly actualize further studies of the given phenomena. We consider the problem through the prism of “cultural images” of fascism and the principles of its forma...

In the presented report are exploited the results of research at the Center for Creative Leadership (USA) as well as some observations of the author, which confirm the changing nature of leadership. The older models give way to a new concepts and theories, such as super-leadership, spiritual visionary, connected leadership, etc. Along with that we are witnessing a new phenomenon – mass movements without personalized leadership, such as “The Indignant”, “Occupy”, “Anonymous”. An attempt to „measureв...

The paper tells about distinctive features, problems and prospects in the field of corporate social business responsibility in modern Russia. The structure of the system of measures of control actions of big business for sustainable socio - economic development of the regions cannot be the same as for the country as a whole and for each individual region. The participation of companies in the development of the regions should be strictly voluntary. Strategically minded management of large corporations builds its p...

This research paper is devoted to the issue - the development of a regional cluster-oriented policy of Russia and other developed foreign countries. The purpose of this paper is to research aspects of the integration of structural elements of the cluster as well identify opportunities and challenges during the formation of food industry clusters. In this research paper theoretical and empirical research methods are used, e.g. literature review and the survey of industrial clusters representatives, building a cogni...

Republic of Macedonia in the early nineties became independent from other former states of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, as a result of overall(vast) political, social and economic changes that took over (fell upon) Eastern European countries in the late eighties. After the dissolution of former Yugoslavia and the changes in the economic and political system in Republic of Macedonia, a new democratic system should be established based on equal ethnic and cultural rights, where the human rights and their freedom,...

Study offers an attempt to a systematic and historical approach to the problematic of political culture on the case of Czech Republic. Czech Republic, as well as most of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, we can still rank among countries in transition. Czech Republic belongs to this category not for incomplete economic transformation, but rather the still unfinished process of transition from non-democratic to democratic state, although certainly belongs to those, that are closest to democracy. The leve...

The contribution is focused to prove necessary of establishing the qualification requirements for the performance of the mayor to legislation of Slovak republic by the introduction of continuing problems in the practice of self – government. The dynamic development of society requires a flexible response to emerging issues. Educated employees in the public administration constitute a guarantee for effective use of resources. Increasing the qualification in state government is one of the modernization changes, bu...

Fitting in with the current research paradigm, studies in the image of the world, as a system of principles that are used to organize a person`s worldview, indicate that politicians` hidden intentions could be revealed by the semantic analysis of their verbal output. To this aim, we reconstructed the general tenets of the image of the world of the most prominent Russian politician – Vladimir Putin, analyzing his 2854 responses to questions in his live public interviews in 2010-2012 by means of the Information Sy...

In the past few years, scientists from different countries examines the factors affecting the competitiveness of high-tech industries. Much attention is paid in the literature to scientific and technical progress and the effects that it receive from developed countries. In developing countries, the effects of new technologies arise very late. This is because developing countries do not have sufficient technological capabilities and dynamic capabilities. The development of these countries is due to borrowing of new...

The career of a public worker represents a reality of contemporaneity, being a truly complex career, very important and well designed in any modern, democratic state. A public worker's career represents the fundament of any educated, regulated and modern society, and it's characterized by professionalism, community spirit and continuous development. The public worker in Romania, occupies an important place inside the state mechanism, being a real liaison between the power and the people. A public worker must fulfi...

This study presents an analytical framework for understanding the conflict in one of the most dangerous regions of the world – the South Caucasus. This article follows the logic of qualitative research to “scale down” and trace the bellicose aspects of armed conflict. The overall objective of this research is to identify the necessary and sufficient conditions for the transformation of conflicts into armed conflicts in Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Nagorno-Karabakh. I argue that armed conflict in the South Cau...

In the article the results of research of efficiency of interaction of state bodies and business structures in the territories of presence. Defined indicators of sustainable development of the regions, which considerably influence the activities of large corporate structures. The results of the analysis can be used in the process of formation of mechanisms of interaction of state bodies and large corporate structures, and in conducting a comprehensive assessment of the efficiency of this interaction.

In the Czech society, corruption is perceived as one of the most pressing social threats. Corruption belongs to the problems which even the Security Strategy of the Czech Republic sees as a possible destabilization factor. Corruption, however, is not only connected to the national politics, it also refers to the lower levels: both regional and local politics. The aim of the article is to show how the elected political representatives at these two lower levels perceive corruption from the social, political and lega...

Nowadays, in principle, medical research in a human is not possible without its consent. Since duly valid consent to participate in a research can be given only by individual capable of giving informed consent, subject of authors' considerations is an issue: based on whose consent will persons incapable of giving independent consent participate in researches? This category includes: children, incapacitated adults and persons capable of giving informed consent who are temporarily disabled in reasoning due to specif...

Introduction. Considering the dynamic development of modern societies, over the recent years European states have been allocating more and more attention on mediations as an alternative means of dispute and conflict resolution, including conflicts in public and private law. European states have been both passing new laws and statutory acts and accepting new social norms pertaining to mediations, which has called for debates in societies. Following these tendencies in legal developments, the Republic of Latvia is c...

The origins of the history of advocacy in the particular countries of Europe may be put together based on all kinds of sources. Aside from the normative texts which, the closer we get to the modern era, the more often represent a required regulation in society which controls the access to providing advocacy services, numerous references about advocates may be found in literature. The laws, which were often very concise, may be, in many cases, confronted with the reports which reflect the social seriousness of the ...

This paper focuses on copyright aspects of disclosure of digitalized works within the European digital library Europeana project. The purpose of the online platform mentioned above – a platform that collects cultural treasures of libraries, museums and archives from all member states of the European Union – is to make European scientific and cultural heritage available for the general public. Digitalization and disclosure of the content of the library web portal is connected with many copyright aspects. This p...

The countries of the Western Balkans have gone through radical social and political changes over the last three decades. The region is composed of small states that are economically inter-dependent and that aspire full membership into the European Union (EU). The regional co-operation between the countries is scarce, and judicial co-operation is often hindered by political and legalistic obstacles. The obligation to exercise jurisdiction whenever there is one, even in cases when exchange of evidence among these co...

This paper analyzes the manifestations and reasons of infringement to the franchisors'trademark from the Chinese perspective in the franchising sector. Some judicial cases are selected and dissected to indicate the trademark rights to be protected in China and some countermeasures were put forward to protect the trademark rights from the franchisors'perspective. As the cornerstone of the franchise method of doing business, trademarks, symbols of goodwill, embody the great value and convey the valuable assets of th...

Out of all the branches of the law, labour law is the most vulnerable to the changes of the political, economic and social system. Taking into consideration the ongoing political, social and economic processes as well as the relevant legislation the aim of this article is to present the basic changes in the model of labour law which is now in force in Poland. By the analysis of particular stages of Polish labour law formation I argue that polish labour law has evolved from strictly national to transnational. The a...

Entry into force on October 1st, 2011, of Law no. 287/2009 on the Civil Code has brought up again into attention the problem of the commercial law autonomy [1], in fact an old topic in legal literature [2]. An analysis of the points of view stated lately in various studies or public conferences leads to the observation that the dominant note is the scepticism to the new configuration of the commercial matter. We have not the aim to identify the advantages or disadvantages of one system or another, although I funda...

This article is dedicated to mediation - one of the methods of international conflicts resolution and prevention and an alternative way to settle the disputes. Since the ancient times, mediation has been used to settle international conflicts and prevent wars between the cities – city-states. The mediators, as a matter of rule, usually were third party states. The German King Ludwig II (VIII BC) pronounced himself a mediator and contributed to the resolution of private and political disputes within his kingdom [...

This contribution deals with the issue in the field of the maintenance as a part of the reform of private law in the Czech Republic, specifically with the implementation of the right of an authorized person to the provision after a death of an obligated person. The issue is examined by using systematic methods (the right to provision after the death of the breadwinner is viewed as a system composed of sub-elements), then by using the analytical method (analysis of the legislation and the knowledges in the literatu...

Ever since the Gentiles community, and then during the slave, feudal, socialist and capitalist systems, the inheritance right has undergone various transformations, generated by the context of social, economic and political developments specific to each period which we are referring to. During the Gentiles period, we cannot speak about "property rights" in a defined and complex way, as it is conceptualized today, but we can rather speak, within gentiles' tribes, about a "right of possession" over the hunting, fish...

Freedom to provide insurance services in the European Union means the possibility of concluding, by an insurance undertaking established in one Member State, as a service provider, the insurance contracts in another Member States without having a permanent organizational unit (such as branch, agency, subsidiary or representative). The first purpose of the research is an indication of uncertainties and interpretational doubts, which may affect the use of freedom to provide services by insurance undertakings on the ...

This study provides basic analyses in a specific area of drugs abuses. Problem is widely known and presented as a specific antihuman crime with high profit. Effect of drugs using and abused, is usually analysed in different terms of solving, especially in criminology, and as the problem of detecting and documenting crime for process of evidence. Study provides orientation on aspect of regional, global and specific European threats for personal health and security due new drugs and expectations for Law regulation. ...

Romanian labour and industrial relations legislation has undergone wide-ranging changes in recent years. The Social Dialogue Law No. 62/2011 repealed and replaced several laws regulating industrial relations. These measures were among the structural reforms aimed at meeting Romania's budget deficit reduction targets, restoring macroeconomic stability and employment growth. This paper looks at the main legislative amendments regarding collective bargaining in Romania, including social partners' representativeness, ...

The study is devoted to the analysis of legal regulation of volunteer activity, and to the formulation of suggestions on the improvement of Russian legislation in the sphere of volunteer activity.Carrying out of the research is based on international, foreign and domestic sources of a normative and recommended character.The research was conducted on the basis of an integrated approach and the principle of methodological pluralism.The international level of legislation is represented in the study by the U.N.O., Int...

Based on the concept of civil tort conceptualization, this study will be focused on analyzing, in the current legislative context, the generated social and legal aspects of, on the one hand, the illegal acts of minors and of those placed under judicial interdiction, and on the other hand, the dynamics of the family environment that wishes to support a fundamental principle, that of ensuring the best interests of the minor. In order to support an objective basis of liability for the minor's act, apt to reflect the ...

The article focuses on the analysis of consumer protection within the online discount vouchers, sales on so called discount websites. Their practices may be a dangerous and unknown territory to most consumers. Still, there is no complex legal regulation of this young and rapidly growing business in the Czech legal environment. In practice there are several problematic issues discussed with connection to the sale on discount websites. The most questioned are the character of the legal relationship of parties, when ...

Art forgery is one of the most important issues of art and antiques market which can be reduced and prevented by criminal law measures. Art fakes can be detected by expert witness who applied forensic science methods. Access to specialized knowledge from three fields of science, i.e. criminal law, art history and forensic science is necessary to handle with art forgery. Therefore, the research was focused on criminal law and forensic science issues. Because expert witnesses (forensic science experts) pose a crucia...

Digitization, preservation and online access to copyrighted works are lively topics in the knowledge society. The process of digitization of cultural heritage is besides its undisputed benefit in the form of possibility of permanent preservation of cultural heritage also connected with a range of copyright related issues. Moral rights, which are (in the continental system) part of copyright law, are the most sensitive legal obstacle to digitization and online disclosure of copyrighted works. In many cases, these o...

Having a legal or contractual origin, the pre-emption right plays an important role in the creation of legal acts. Reborn after 1989 in the Romanian legislation, the pre-emption right is definitively acknowledged among the institutions enjoying a general legislative acknowledgement in the new Civil Code. In fact, together with the entry in force of the new Civil Code, the rules enforceable up to that point have been considerably changed, as well as the lawmaker vision on the pre-emption right. At the same time, va...

The continuous reduction of the population in the Russian Federation is a serious reason to develop a concept of reproductive rights by Russian legislators which would first of all consider the interests of the nation as a whole. The Russian legislation which does not define the legal status of a human embryo, in which induced termination of pregnancy is considered to be legal, and which gives no legal ground concerning substitute motherhood. In our opinion, such an approach to understanding reproductive rights do...

This paper compares the obligations of the seller of goods under a c.i.f. contract (cost, insurance and freight) governed by English law vis-a-vis Incoterms 2010, which are endorsed by the International Chamber of Commerce (I.C.C.). It chooses the following obligations for this purpose: the delivery of the goods corresponding to the contract, delivery of documents including bill of lading, buying insurance, packing of goods, passing of property and passing of risks.This study is undertaken because this will help t...

The legislation in Romania has experienced significant changes in recent years, one of them being the introduction of the new Civil Code on 1 October 2011. This Code repealed the Commercial Code previously existing, commercial provisions being taken over by this new Civil Code. Therefore, the provisions of the Civil Code apply also on the liability of the company's management bodies, along with the Romanian special legislation, which is in accordance with the European regulations, including on matters related to t...

History of international civil process has begun from the process of intuitive decision rules that would have solved the problem of resolving disputes involving foreigners at national level. Only later process of scientific and doctrinal justification worded its existence and fixed on the level of international treaties. Formation of international civil procedure in the article traced from the ancient Egypt to Europe of XX century. Authors also pay attention to the regional aspects of the penetration and establish...

The article discusses about ne bis in idem-principle, which is a legal doctrine to the effect that no legal action can be instituted twice for the same cause of action. It is a legal concept originated in Roman Civil Law, but it is essentially the equivalent of the double jeopardy doctrine used in Finnish Supreme Court and the Supreme Administrative Court. Nowadays ne bis in idem-principle is one of the fundamental values of all modern legal systems, which is increasingly used in the Supreme Court and the Supreme ...

Numerous advantages of contractual devices in the field of inheritance law, as well as the trends of development of the succession law, imposed the need to devote special attention to the impact of contract of inheritance on the principle of freedom of testation, as the reflexion of the principle of autonomy of will in the inheritance law. The comparison of various legal systems showed great divergences regarding contracts of inheritance: legal regulations varied from its wide acceptance (Germany, Switzerland), th...

This study is a doctrinaire material in European law of human rights matter and succesional law domain, the last one being a part of civil law. Its purpose is to review if there is an influence of Article no.8 from European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, which is regulating right to respect for private and family life , upon Romanian inheritance law and what it consists in.The utilized materials are bibliographical sources , which include European Convention on Human Rights...

In the pages of this study, the reader has the opportunity to find out the new aspects of the issue regarding Religious Liberty due to a hermeneutical examination of the text of various national and international legal norms, which we corroborated them with the principles of the juridical doctrine, hence the personal contribution in approaching a matter that continues to be a predilect subject of the EU legislator. Among others thinks, in our study we managed to prove „a l'evidence” that from the wright to the...

Nowadays, the environment has suffered many transformations, becoming severely endangered, with every day that passes. The importance of a healthy and equilibrated environment is increasing, whilst pollution becomes the main cause for the destruction of any ambient. I think that man, is the main being responsible for the degradation and pollution of the environment in which we live- but also man, is the only one that can save the nature from destruction, by adopting an adequate ecological behaviour and by stopping...

The courts are expected to establish the fair conclusions and justice; however in some instances court decisions might result with some economic costs and unfair situations for the economic actors. With this article we will study 1) some issues which might carry the potential unfair results by justice for the economy; 2) from where people expect in fact the fairness and positive impacts on the economy; 3) the reasons for negativities instead of positive results from court decisions; 4) some type of verdicts causin...

The legislation in Romania has experienced significant changes in recent years, one of them being the introduction of the new Civil Code on 1 October 2011. This Code repealed the Commercial Code previously existing, commercial provisions being taken over by this new Civil Code. Therefore, the provisions of the Civil Code apply also on the liability of the company's management bodies, along with the Romanian special legislation, which is in accordance with the European regulations, including on matters related to t...

The study is presenting research focused on non-timber forest products, their significance of consumption and other possible usage heading to economic improvement or rural populations from the Peruvian Amazon. The study sampling represents three villages situated in the remote areas affected by timber exploitation where attitudes to NTFPs collection and use are strong. Data collection was carried out during September and October 2011 through interviews, semi–structured questionnaires and direct observation follo...

The paper on the example of the Russian education notes the difficulties associated with the humanization of the educational process. Particular attention is drawn to the need for the great demand of the humanistic education in society and the importance of training the teachers for it. The content, similarity and difference of the educational institutions types (traditional, open and humanistic oriented school) are analyzed. The open school shows a possible way of humanization of education as a transition from th...

The right to a name is a fundamental element of the single's personality. It is an expression of his/her identity, which reflects a single individual in the familiar and social context. In many legal systems the right to a name is considered to be just an aspect of the more complex right to identity, which represents one of the personality's right. Nevertheless, it must be pointed out that the name has a double dimension. Precisely, the internal dimension of the name guarantees the manifestation of personal identi...