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The article is an attempt to assess the status of the institute of administrative penalties in Ukraine from the point of view of effectiveness and appropriateness of its existence in the legal system. Based on the analysis of the basic provisions of the Ukrainian legislation concerning the application of the administrative penalties and the relevant statistical data, it was made the conclusion about the significant contradiction of the institute of the administrative penalties and the needs of the social developme...

This paper will deal with issues related to social distance between ethnic groups in Macedonia. Our intention is to define the development of democracy, 20 years after pluralism. The questions which this paper tends to answer are: Based on the social aspect is Macedonia transforming to state of citizens, as were the expectations of the majority or is it becoming state of one ethnicity? How much is social justice oriented to service the needs of citizens? Is there discrimination on ethical basis? Based on their pre...

The article addresses the issue of homes for the elderly, i.e. one of the types of social care facilities in the Czech Republic. The theme of social security for seniors and the role of institutional care in the form of homes for the elderly is a very topical issue, particularly with regard to increasing human age and the associated on-going aging of the population. Demographic aging means a change in the demographic composition of the population in terms of the aging of the entire human population. The solution i...

The aim of the article is to study the problem of determining the role of an international treaty to regulate interstate relations in the field of environmental protection. The basis of the study of the whole range of the international legal rules governing the issue of environmental protection, and their ability to solve their tasks and their compliance with current requirements and needs of the international community and in this regard the development of new proposals and recommendations for their improvement. ...

In the current Romanian Civil Code, the prescription is not defined, but only its object. Thus, it is established that the right to claim is extinguished by prescription, if it is not exercised within the term given by law. It is that right which constrains a person, by using public force, to perform a certain action, to observe a certain juridical fact or to bear a sanction of a civil nature. Therefore, the prescription may be defined as a civil sanction, which limits the substantive right to court proceeding if ...

Dignity at work is, above all, a fundamental principle of the juridical labour relations, which has to be analyzed in close relation with the principle of the respect for private life, another fundamental principal of human rights. In this context, the present paper analyzes the dispute between the employer's right to surveillance of employee's activities, during the working hours, mainly through the use of information and the right of the employee to enjoy the protection of his private life. Also, this dispute mu...

The article deals with issues that EU Member States may face because of the temporal (periodical) nature of the funding that European structural and investment funds allocate to urban revitalisation (regeneration) activity. The discussion is illustrated by showing how Poland used revitalisation funding in the last budget programming period in the European Union (2014-20). The article is interdisciplinary in character, because not only does it present the legal and financial aspects of the problem under considerati...

Reliability of financial statements is crucial when judging the relevance of financial information created in accounting information system. Although the importance of the problem has been raised many times in the literature, the matter has not been explored very well. Broadly admitting that financial reports should be reliable, there is limited literature on reliability definition. Few attempts to define reliability were based on conceptual framework created by International Accounting Standard Board. On the othe...

The problem of the tax consequences of transfer pricing is now quite urgent for the federal and regional budgets. Transfer pricing is one of the most common ways to minimize taxes. The result of the globalization of the world economy has become the free flow of financial resources, which led to a sharp rise over the past three decades, the number and the economic power of multinational integrated companies. Such structural shifts in the world economy dictate new requirements for the formation of tax systems, and c...

Scientists are increasingly carrying out various studies regarding the tax system in order to determine its areas that can be improved. However, it should be noted that, in terms of entrepreneurship promotion of companies, the latter has not yet been analysed in detail – various authors evaluate the tax system by using different methods or by simply providing intuitive evaluations which are not based on any empirical studies. Thus, methodical insufficiency regarding tax system evaluation in terms of entrepreneur...

Methods of evaluation of investment attractiveness has been much documented in the management research literature, while the information about methodology of increasing of investment attractiveness is lacking. today the problem of development and implementation of strategy of increasing investment attractiveness is very actual for company's managers (the root cause of rising its actuality is changes in structure of Russia's investment market after financial crisis of 2008 year).

The aim of the research is to analyse the results of the implemented aquaculture projects and define the factors, influencing viability of the projects, in addition providing recommendations for development and improvement of further policy in the Latvian aquaculture sector. On the ground of qualitative data the author carried out the analysis on support receivers and the results of their implemented projects, whereas on the basis of the quantitative data the author defined the factors, influencing viability of th...

Introduction. In the last decades the idea that exercising for better fitness is in fact “exercising for health” has been accredited, because physical-sport activities constitute a direct stimulus, almost exclusive of morpho-functional and motric development, as a premise of an optimal state of health. Numerous scientists have dealt with the influence physical exercises have on improving health and physical condition. Research Methods: In preparing the paper we used the following research methods: - Study of l...

The air pollution belongs to the most important environmental threat to human health. Particularly sensitive are children, elderly people and patients with chronic conditions. Individual susceptibility is influenced by many factors: age, nutrition, presence of disease, genetic determination, global health status. Children are a focus points in the health protection considering possibilities of early organs and functions impairment. Material and methods. Cross-sectional study of respiratory health included measurem...

The scientific research is devoted to the problems of a transparent and relevant information, which is created by Russian enterprises through the formation of integrated reporting, who are seeking to build a sustainable business. The key issues in this process, and the main development trends of integrated thinking are identified based on the study of modern established practice of integrated reporting in Russia. It has been defined the lack of transparency and openness of companies, in particular, the low level o...

One of the most “visual” theories in sociology is the dramaturgical concept of I. Hoffman. What Hoffman describes is a direct creation of imagination. By means of the video clips, using sets, mass media seek to show the images of regions created in accordance with socially recognized attributes. These images are visual guides for external observers. It is a ready scenario which inspires the imagination of the viewer. An image of a territory is built in public consciousness mainly as a result of information inf...

In the Romanian society, which is continually getting older, the social services for the elderly are in deficit. The social issues related to retirement and social isolation, as well as the economic ones, are amplified by the moral problems connected to the failure as far as their lawful rights are concerned. Despite its status of member of the E.U., Romania cannot be compared to the developed countries that possess a proper system of social protection. The explanation resides in the huge difference of development...

The objective of the paper is to analyze the relation between materiality level and the audit risk. The presence of this relation comes from International Standard on Auditing ISA 200 "Overall Objectives of the Independent Auditor, and the Conduct of an Audit in Accordance with International Standards on Auditing”. In accordance with ISA 200, the audit risk may be considered as if it consists of two components: risk of material misstatement and detection risk. Authors have mathematically demonstrated that the de...

When seeking to assess the impact of customer satisfaction on company performances, there are many ways to assess such performance. The preferred option, however, is to use ratios. Internationally, one of the most common indicators Tobin's q. This, cannot, however, be used for most enterprises in the Czech Republic. Thus, the authors have come up with a variant of Tobin's q, one that might act as a suitable substitute. This ratio is the growth of assets, and its applicability will be tested in evaluating customer ...

In the present, implant reconstruction is preferred by the majority patients over prosthetic dentures. One of the most important problems than can appear after oral implant insertion is peri-implantitis. The ethiopathogenesis of this disease is complex; one of the major causes is the presence of pathogens bacteria, among which species of Prevotella genus is highly significant. The extent of antibiotic resistance phenomena in peri-implantitis imposes that the choice of antibiotics should be made after the susceptib...

Regarding oral health, the tooth decay and periodontal diseases are the most important oral health problems. There is a link between oral disease and the presence of bacterial species belonging to the oral cavity microflora. The tooth decay is related to the action of bacterial species including Streptococcus mutans, lactobacilli and actinomycetes. Concentrated efforts of specialists from all around the world aimed to obtain in the future herbal remedies with similar antibacterial effect of antibiotics that can be...

Introduction and Objective Caries has multi-factorial etiology. Dental caries is an indicator of poor oral health. Poor oral health is usually associated with a high number of Streptococcus mutans(SM). The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of chlorhexidine (CHX) gel in reduction of Streptococcus mutans at children with high caries risk. Material and methods The studies were conducted in Preventive Dentistry Clinic, Prishtina, Kosovo. A total of 130 children have been included in the study. Children with...

Aim of study: The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in pregnant women. Methods: The research sample was consisted of 133 respondents based on the following inclusion criteria: age 15 to 45 years, pregnant women from week 36 of pregnancy up to labour, a signed informed consent, willingness to complete a questionnaire. Mean age of the respondents was 31.59 years. As a research tool was used the Slovak validated version of the International Consultation on Incontin...

This paper aims to explore which of the new communication tools popular in the web 2.0 era are most common in promoting sport clubs, in a given city (Timisoara, Romania). In a country with more than 8 million Facebook users and with the rapid advent of technology-rooted communication, it is only natural that such tools be used in PR practices aimed at enhancing the visibility of sport clubs. The link between PR practices and sport is rarely tackled in communication studies, with a few notable exceptions mainly ori...

An analysis of the heath status of 1615 active subjects employed in the transportation network, and under periodic medical control, has revealed the presence in 6,7\% of all those investigated, of digestive diseases with morphological signs, the employed in road transportation. The highest incidence was that of gastro-duodenal affections, including ulcers followed by biliary, intestinal and hepatic disturbances. With reference to the risk factors of digestive disease an important role is that of occupational stres...

Alkaloids (fr. alcali; gr eidos - aspect) has organic heterocyclic substances containing alcohol, with a vegetal origin and basic character, originating as a result of plant secondary metabolism. They give characteristic reactions and their effect on animal organisms is most often toxic. The objective of this study is represented by the systematization of data regarding natural compounds with an alkaloid structure. The paper presents the classification of alkaloids according to compound structure and the type of b...

According to Edgar Cayce's philosophy, the diet is an essential element of life. He said that, "The disease begins in your plate". Starting from this concept and from some problems regarding the performance of human resources from organization, the authors present in this paper, a model for conducting nutritional counseling process. In developing the proposed model the authors have used, besides the specific techniques and counseling process, some instruments characteristic of engineering quality. The purpose of t...

In order to optimize the instructive - educational process during Physical Education in the case of 5th grade students, an experiment was conducted based on the organisation and conducting of the lessons (2 hours/week) using movement game as the main means of achieving the objectives of the themes, speed and coordinative capacity. The study and research were conducted at the “Coresi” Middle School, of Targovişte. In order to reach reliable conclusions, we included in the study 52 students, both boys and girls...

In the wake of fast aging of populations the question is asked about the acceptance of robots by elderly individuals and their role in elderly's every-day life. The project ENRICHME - Enabling Robot and assisted living environment for Independent Care and Health Monitoring of the Elderly (which receives funding from the European Union H2020 Programme; Grant Agreement No: 643691C) employs a mobile service robot for long-term human monitoring and interaction, in order to optimise the independence of elderly individu...

With regard to the human trafficking phenomenon, Romania continues to be mainly a country of origin, with the highest number of people trafficked and exploited both internally and abroad in the European Union, next to Bulgaria (Eurostat, 2013). Although cross-border trafficking is predominant, during the last years the internal trafficking phenomenon became more and more visible, both with regard to sexual and labour exploitation (National Agency Against Trafficking of Persons: ANITP reports 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012...

Introduction: Visual impairment constitutes interference in all areas of life. As it has been shown, the quality of life impact of these impaired persons are not unambiguous. The survey answers the question: “What is the quality of life of persons with visual impairment?” Methodology: Using a questionnaire, the quality of life of persons with visual impairment was assessed, and its level was compared to a group of persons without visual impairment. The standardized WHO Quality of life – BREF questionnaire wa...

The Five Star Movement has been the great novelty of the Italian political landscape. The paper seeks to highlight the core content of its doctrine, which calls for a sort of anthropological revolution based on the advent of the “Net” in which the “new political order of the communities” will replace that of individuals, offering fresh forms of direct democracy. The consequence would be the end not just of traditional western political parties, but also of the self-referential man of subjectivity. The pape...

Before 1989 Romania used to be a communist country with a centralized economy, the authorities deeply intervening in absolutely all the aspects of the individual, family and society life. From the demographic (and not only) point of view, the most intimate and brutal interference of the state took place by means of the famous Decree 770/1966 which almost completely prohibited abortions, doubling the birth rate in the attempt of complying with the communists' dream of having a numerous population, able to support a...

Virtual communities of support are becoming a connecting place for people with different health, emotional and social problems. It is where people find information about medication and therapy, a chance to verbalize their problem, find support and comfort by knowing they are not alone. In this paper we analyzed seven discussion forums with topics related to social phobia and noticed that they provided certain uses and gratifications for the participants who suffered from that type of social disorder. Uses and grat...

The article deals with the analysis of the population idea concerning the form and the structure of a contemporary family, the formation of its ideal (desired), realistic and media images perception. According to the interviewed the image of a family advocated by the mass media determines the present models of family and matrimonial behavior in many respects, but the contemporary mass media create the negative image of a family or the image that has nothing in common with the facts of life. Besides it is ascertain...

Judy Weiser, arguably one of the most influential figures of photo art therapy worldwide, characterised this field as using photographic techniques, pictures of people, including snapshots, family albums and photographs made by others (as well as the feelings, thoughts and memories induced by these pictures) as valuable channels of communication with the patient, often in a way which is impossible to reach using words only. The aim of this study was to investigate students' opinions on how photography can be used ...

The research object is the youth's social and political activity, which, according to the data of the field research carried out in 2012-2014, is a significant modelling factor of a successfully developing society in Latvia. As the location for the field research, the places contrasting in their ethnic composition and economic development have been selected – Riga, the capital of Latvia, and Daugavpils, the second largest city of Latvia. In order to obtain wider range of material and the variety of viewpoints th...

The article highlights the topical issue of the unemployment among the young issue. The authors investigate how the youth perceive unemployment in general and in personal dimension, stressing the need for education institutions to bear heavy responsibility for training and further employment of the youth. The article contains the results of the opinion poll held by researchers of Nizhny Novgorod State Linguistic University since the end of 2005 through March 2014 among students of the city of Nizhny Novgorod and t...

The category of drugs around which this paper is built, the psychoactive drugs, also belongs to the category of synthetic drugs. Etnobotanical substances began to appear only in the years 2000-2005 and in Romania they appeared in 2008. The phenomenon had been preceded by the emergence of the term “etnobotanica” (etnobotanical substance) in the year 2000 in the Romanian Dictionary of Neologisms. Etnobotany is a branch of etnobiology and it refers to the mutual relations of the man with the plant environment, in...

The article is devoted to elaboration of tools for decision support analysis and social risk management. The complexity and inconsistency determines the need for the development of decision support tools for the analysis of social risks. The solution to this problem is connected with the analysis of the subject area, the development of a hierarchy of selection criteria, and then preparation of the software. The system is based on human experience and intuition in assessing the social risks and the development of m...

Human migration is a complex and multidimensional public process, possessing both positive results of territorial movements of people, and negative. Therefore, depending on the angle of consideration, this process encloses either achievements, or problems for the look of researcher. Regardless of attitude towards Russia's official statistics, including claims for its speed, reliability, etc., it is difficult not to agree with the fact that it figures in a concentrated form is most clearly illustrate the real situa...

Little research has been done to explore stranger harassment and women's reactions toward it. By conducting a quantitative survey with questionnaires, this research based in Hong Kong aims at exploring predictors that determine women's reaction toward stranger harassment. Results show that self-objectification is positively related to benign and self-blaming coping strategies while traditional gender-related belief is positively related to passive and self-blaming coping strategies.

The phenomenon of violence in schools is extremely complex and there are a lot of factors that cause it. It is a well-known fact that during the educational process the model plays a decisive role. The first model of every child is the mother, the parents, then the teachers, the persons from their environment - the family, the neighbors, the colleagues and last but not least mass-media persons, especially television. Because of this, the main actors of the instructive-educative process, the parents and the teacher...

The aim of research was to estimate level of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) of innate immunity in patients with different stages of tubal adhesions and possibilities to use their detection for prediction of adhesions 21 women with I stage of tubal adhesions (I group) and 31 - with II-IV stages of adhesions (II group) were examinated. Samples were taken from endocervix by cytobrush and by biopsy of tubes during laparoscopy. Expression of TLRs was determined using qPCR. 5-fold decrease of TLR1, which ligands are bacteri...

The aim of this paper is to introduce and evaluate selected determinants of e-Accessibility from the point of view of university students with visual impairment. In the years 2014 and 2015 we have evaluated the level of satisfaction with e-Accessibility of universities in Czech and Slovak Republic through the questionnaire completed by 54 university students with visual impairment with various degree of severity. Simultaneously we were investigating the preferences and most frequent practices of visually impaired ...

This paper discusses the possibilities and limitations of the use of publication databases such as Web of Science and Scopus to determine the research capabilities and prospective areas of research and development of universities. It also analyses major problems related with the analysis of universities' publication activities in Scopus and Web of Science databases such as author surname variations, identification of author profile among authors with the same surname, author and organization profile merging, ident...

Given that it is the most representative government component of any public administrative system, we have proposed in this paper, to analyze how government is organized and invested in several European countries. Constitutions of various countries governing find distinct features and in terms of organizational structure or incompatibilities regime. Regarding the appointment of the Government, it is determined by the existing constitutional or parliamentary system, constitutional monarchy or semi-presidential regi...

Discourse plays an important role in political systems, especially during the electoral period and electoral campaigns. National politicians often used a wide range of themes that are related to any level of the political system, just to be elected once again. In such a competitive world, discourses and buzzwords play an important role in framing behaviour and relations. The themes of regionalization, good governance, autonomy, decentralization and reforms are very popular words of politicians at national level wh...

Overall geostrategy of the European Union seeks global stability, economic security and environmental sustainability. In contrast with occurring interpretation of „geostrategy” in security/defence terms, we are prone to perception of geostrategy in the context of competitiveness driven by geopolitical and geo-economic developments that are shaped by the political and economic environment. Multidisciplinary relevance of our insight into the issue derived from the primary concept of geo-heterogeneity – and app...

The electoral systems represent a very important element of the entire political process which connects the people`s choices to the types of politics promoted by the governments. They are chosen and sometimes modified by political actors and, once functional, exercise political consequences over these actors. A state`s politics is profoundly influenced by its electoral system. In the last decades, more and more states have opted to modify, either partially or entirely their electoral systems, the main reason being...