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STUDY REGARDING THE EFFECT OF PRUNUS SPINOSA SPECIES ON STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS
Abstract
Regarding oral health, the tooth decay and periodontal diseases are the most important oral health problems. There is a link between oral disease and the presence of bacterial species belonging to the oral cavity microflora. The tooth decay is related to the action of bacterial species including Streptococcus mutans, lactobacilli and actinomycetes. Concentrated efforts of specialists from all around the world aimed to obtain in the future herbal remedies with similar antibacterial effect of antibiotics that can be used in the treatment of dental caries. This study aims to test the Streptococcus mutans strain susceptibility to aqueous extracts of Prunus spinosa collected from two regions of Romania: Tulcea and Arges. Materials and methods Two aqueous extracts were prepared at concentrations of 50\% from the dried fruit fructus of the Prunus spinosa L. plants harvested from the Tulcea and Arges areas. Streptococcus mutans strains were identified from the dental caries using API 20 Strep system (bioMerieux). Testing antibacterial properties was done by disc diffusion method (paper discs impregnated with test solution) and compared to 4 antibiotics: Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Azithromycin and Clarithromycin. Results The results showed that the aqueous extract from Tulcea area presented antibacterial activity evaluated by an inhibition area of 10mm, comparative with the following antibiotics: Ampicillin = 17mm, Clarithromycin = 15mm, Amoxicillin = 22mm, while for the aqueous extract from Arges area the antibacterial activity was of 8mm. The nearest antibacterial activity of aqueous extract from Tulcea area was for Azithromycin (Tulcea aqueous extract = 10mm, Azithromycin = 14mm). Conclusions Aqueous extracts from Tulcea area had bigger antibacterial activity on Streptococcus mutans strains, than those obtained from Arges area. Our results demonstrate that this aqueous extracts may be used in the future to develop new products with antibacterial action useful in the dental caries treatment.
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